- •Рецензент т.А. Третьякова, доц., канд. Пед. Наук Відповідальний за випуск т.А.Третьякова, доц., канд. Пед. Наук
- •Gardening
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the Participles:
- •1. Read the text again and answer the questions:
- •2. Make a summary of the text making use of the following prompts:
- •6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the active vocabulary:
- •7. Study the material in the box and translate the sentences paying attention to the function of the italicized words:
- •2. Explain the meaning of the words annuals, biennials and perennials.
- •3. Name the types of gardens mentioned in the text. Speak on each type.
- •4. Make a summary of the text using of the following prompts:
- •Vocabulary
- •7. Say which word or a group of words in the following statements are wrong:
- •1. Find in the text verbs in the Passive Voice. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •2. Determine the tense of the predicates and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •1. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
- •2. Make a summary of the text. Use the questions above as a plan.
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Match the words that go together:
- •7. Which word or word combination in each line is odd?
- •1. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
- •2. Summarise the text in your own language.
- •3. Comment on the proverb: As you sow you shall mow.
- •4. Find the odd word out:
- •5. Match the words that go together:
- •1. Tell your group-mates what a good gardener should know about watering. Use the following phrases as prompts:
- •5. Translate the following words with the help of a dictionary:
- •6. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the italicised words:
- •1. Find in the text sentences containing the Gerund. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •2. Translate the sentences paying attention to the use of Gerund after prepositions:
- •1. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
- •2. Summarize the text first in your own language, then – in English.
- •1. Using your dictionary give more examples of plants that
- •2. Explain what “deadheading” is. What is this technique used for?
- •3. Explain why gardeners prune shrubs and trees.
- •1. In the text the Infinitive of Purpose is used five times. Find it and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •1. Make a summary of the text.
- •Botanical garden
- •Lanscape architecture
- •Introduction
- •5. Complete the following sentences with one word from the text:
- •I. Give the definition of Landscape Architecture.
- •2. Write 7-10 questions to the text. Retell the text using your questions as a plan.
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Find which word does not go with the group:
- •6. Fill in synonyms:
- •7. Complete the following sentences:
- •I. Imagine that you are a landscape architect. Make a list of factors you need to take into consideration to carry out a project.
- •4. Complete the following sentences:
- •1. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •4. The word well is used in the text in two different meanings. Translate the word into Ukrainian.
- •1. Translate the following sentences, which contain relative clauses. Remember that which can be used to refer either to the thing being spoken about or to the whole previous sentence or idea.
- •5. In the text the italicised sentences are relative clauses; translate them into Ukrainian.
- •1. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
- •4.Complete the following sentences:
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Fill in the synonyms:
- •5. Use the following verbs to speak about
- •1. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
- •1. Make a summary of the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •Greenhouse
- •Vocabulary
- •Plant breeding
- •Introduction
- •Forestry
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Poisonous plants
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Diseases of plants
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary
- •Viral infections
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Work in groups. Choose one plant disease and tell your classmates about it.
- •1. Before you read
- •2. Read the article carefully and say if there are answers to your questions in it. Nipping common gardening mistakes in the bud
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. In the article find the words which mean the following. An example is given.
- •5. Explain the meaning of the following word combinations. An example is given.
- •6. Complete the following sentences:
- •7. Here are the answers to some questions about common gardening mistakes and the ways to avoid them.
- •8. Imagine you are an expert in horticulture. Give advice to a beginner on the following:
- •1. Before you read
- •2. Read the text to find out if you were right. Bonsai
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Find the stem in the following words; point out prefixes and suffixes. Translate the words into Ukrainian.
- •4. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •5. Choose suitable headings for the seven sections of the text from this list. There is one heading you do not need to use. Write the section numbers in the spaces.
- •6. Fill in the prepositions:
- •7. Read the following text . Fill in each gap with one suitable word from the list:
- •8. Reread both texts about bonsai and answer the following questions:
- •1. Before you read
- •2. Read the article and say which words from exercise 1 are in each text. What are the bad effects of each plant? What are the good effects? three plants that changed the world tobacco
- •3. In the text find as many passive constructions as you can. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •5. What do you think?
- •Plant life
- •Vocabulary
- •Sunflower
- •Vocabulary
- •Radiant charm of the ginkgo
- •Vocabulary
6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the active vocabulary:
1. Many plants, such as marigolds and sunflowers, are ... , which means that they live for just a year. 2. ... can live for many years: some bristlecone pine trees, for example, are 5,000 years old. 3. The desert air contains hardly any ... . 4. ... are used to make medicine or to improve the taste of food. 5. Mary has a great ... of interests: she likes sports, travel, photography, and gardening. 6. An outer hard covering of a tree is called ... . 7. Generosity is her best ... . 8. Plants living for two years and producing seed in the second year are called ... .
7. Study the material in the box and translate the sentences paying attention to the function of the italicized words:
ЗАПАМ’ЯТАЙТЕ! Перехід слова з однієї частини мови в іншу називається конверсією. Наприклад, flower може бути іменником і дієсловом, round – іменником, прикметником, дієсловом, прислівником і прийменником. При перекладі таких слів треба визначити їхню функцію у реченні, а потім знайти у словникові під позначенням відповідної частини мови: n – іменник, v – дієслово, a (adj) – прикметник, adv – прислівник, prep – прийменник, conj – сполучник.
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1. April is the best time to plant. 2. All plants need water and light. 3. It’s dry: we must water the garden. 4. A light wind is blowing. 5. Never light fires in forests. Trees will burn. 6. People often fall in love in spring. 7. Be careful! You can fall off the ladder. 8. Many conifers are evergreen – they do not shed their leaves in the fall. 9. This patient is very patient. 10. Can you teach me to tie a tie? 11. Don’t trouble trouble untill trouble troubles you.
8. In the text the words flower and feature are used in two different meanings. Define their function and translate them into Ukrainian.
Grammar exercises
1. Find in the text examples of participles. State their function and translate them into Ukrainian.
2. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations containing modal verbs:
- gardeners must take into account
- the types of plants that can be grown in a particular area
- gardeners can choose plants for their characteristic appeal
- desirable traits may include fall color
- a gardener can experiment
- herb gardens may feature culinary herbs
- flower gardens may combine a variety of flowering plants
3. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the modal verbs.
A. 1. In my country you can get married when you are sixteen. 2. Can I use your mobile phone? 3. My mother couldn’t swim until she was 47. 4. Excuse me! Could you help me? 5. I must be home by midnight. 6.You mustn’t drive if you’ve been drinking! 7. A walk in this weather! You must be joking! 8. I have to do all the housework by myself. 9. I had to work until midnight last night. 10.You’re always asking me for money. I think you should spend less. 11.You shouldn’t sit so close to the television! It’s bad for your eyes. 12. I am so absent-minded! What should I do? 13. Take your umbrella. It may rain later. 14. May I go home now?
B. 1. In sever winter gardeners often become worried about their fruit trees which may freeze. 2. (a sign in the park) You mustn’t walk on the grass. 3. We can measure the rate of loss of tropical forests by analyzing satellite photographs of continents. 4. Plants use nutrients as they grow, so nutrients must be replaced in order for the soil to remain productive. 5. Seeds can be carried for thousands of miles. It may surprise you to learn that plant seeds can resist digestion by the gut and still germinate out of feces. In fact, some seeds actually require passage through an animal’s gut before they can germinate. 6. Apples, pears, plums, and cherries are hard to cultivate. These trees cannot be grown from cuttings. Instead those trees must be grown by the difficult technique of grafting, developed in China.
Speech exercises
1. Read the text again and answer the questions:
What should a good gardener take into account when selecting plants?
What are the desirable traits of plants?