4. Order of the adjectives

Sometimes we use two or more adjectives together. The adjectives like new / large / round / wooden are fact (реальность, сущность) adjectives. They give us objective information about something (age, size, colour). Adjectives like nice / beautiful are opinion adjectives. They tell us what someone thinks of something.

Opinion (оценка, мнение) adjectives usually go before fact adjectives: a nice sunny day, a beautiful round table.

Sometimes there are two or more fact adjectives. We put them in this order:

1. How big?	2. How old?	3. What colour?	4. Where from?	5. What is it made of?	NOUN
A tall	young				man
A small		black		plastic	bag

6. Function in the sentence

Adjectives may have different functions in the sentence. The most common are those of an attribute or a predicative.

7. Substantivized adjectives

They have acquired some or all of the characteristics of the noun, but their adjectival [æʤɪk'taɪv(ə)l] origin is still generally felt: the poor, the plural, the unemployed.

Lecture 5. The verb

1. The definition and their morphological structure

The verb is a part of speech which denotes an action [Каушанская, 2006, с. 75].

.Most verbs denote action or state [Кобрина, 2000, с. 4].

According to their morphological structure verbs are divided into:

• simple: read, live, speak;

• derived: undo (открывать, развязывать);

• compound, i.e. consisting of two stems: daydream (мечтать, фантазировать);

• composite (phrasal фразовый), consisting of a verb and a postposition of adverbial origin: give up, sit down.

2. Regular and irregular verbs

Owing to (из-за) the historical development of the verb system the English verbs fall into two groups: regular and irregular verbs.

The regular verbs, which go back to the Germanic weak verbs, constitute the largest group. The past indefinite and participle II of these verbs are formed by means of the dental suffix -ed added to the stem of the verb. This is the productive pattern according to which all new verbs form their past indefinite and participle II.

The irregular verbs form their past indefinite and participle II according tо some fixed traditional patterns going back partly to the Germanic strong verbs, partly to the weak verbs, which underwent some changes in the process of history.

The irregular verbs are about 250 in number. They can be arranged according to sound changes.

Form Group	Infinitive	Past Indefinite	Participle II
1. Verbs changing their root vowel.	begin	began	begun
2. Verbs changing their root vowel in the past.	blow	blew	blown
3. Verbs changing root vowel to the same vowel	find	found	found
4. Verbs changing the same vowel in all forms	hear	heard	heard
5. Verbs having the same vowel and the some consonant change.	catch	caught	caught
6. Verbs having the same form	put	put	put
7. Suppletive verbs	go be	went was / were	gone been
8. Verbs of mixed formation	show	showed	shown