- •Рекомендовано Міністерством освіти і науки України (лист№ 1/11-178 від 12.01.2011р.)
- •Передмова
- •Work in pairs. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their definitions in column b and their translation in column c.
- •Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions. What branches of power can you think of? What are the functions of each of the branches of power?
- •Work in pairs. Read the text and fill in the table below.
- •Listen to the text on checks and balances in the system of the us government. Then read it and fill in the scheme below. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it. Checks and balances
- •Read the text on checks and balances in Britain. Then fill in the scheme below in the
- •System of government in britain
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukItAinian
- •For questions 1-10 read through the following text and then choose from the list a-j the best phrase given below to fill each of the spaces.
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Translate into English
- •8. For questions 1-11, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Translate into English
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Read the passage on the structure of the us Parliament (Congress) below and then proceed to the tasks.
- •You will hear the speaker talking about the qualifications of members of Congress. As you listen, complete the information sheet for the questions below. You will hear the recording twice.
- •Powers of the House and Senate
- •Work in pairs. Use the exercises above and tell your partner everything you can about the us Congress.
- •I can't be certain, but I think... Personally, I feel that...
- •I could be wrong, but I think... I personally think...
- •I'm not sure, but I think that... In my personal opinion...
- •10. Translate into English
- •Impeachment trial
- •Introduce legislation
- •Конгрес
- •Палата представників (нижня палата
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Work in pairs. Read the text and fill in the table below.
- •Work in pairs. Use the table above and tell your partner about the duties and powers of
- •Translate into English
- •Choose the correct verb form in the following sentences.
- •8. You will hear the speaker talking about the way bills become laws in Ukraine. Listen to the text twice and then describe the legislative procedure using the scheme below.
- •At home write everything you can about Verkhovna Rada. Use the text below and other texts in this Lesson (See also: Discursive Essays in the Recommendations on Creative Writing Work).
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vice-Speaker (First Deputy Chairperson) introduce
- •Listen to the text on the executive powers of the us president and fill in the gaps in the sentences below. You will hear the text twice.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Legislative powers of the president
- •Legislative Powers of the President
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their definitions in column b and their translation in column c.
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Work in pairs. Read the text and fill in the chart and the gaps in the sentences below.
- •Listen to the text on the us Department of State and fill in the gaps in the sentences below. You will hear the text twice.
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Department of defense
- •Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. Use the material of the texts in exercises 5 and 6.
- •Vocabulary
- •Include
- •Intelligence communications ignore
- •Intelligence
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in exercise 1.
- •Work in pairs. Discuss the following question. What are the functions of the Monarch in the uk?
- •Work in pairs. Read the text below and fill in the gaps in the sentences after it. Monarch
- •Work in pairs. Most of the sentences below have mistakes. Find and correct them. There are two examples at the beginning (0 and 00).
- •Work in pairs. Use the information above and tell your partner about the functions of the Monarch in the uk.
- •Listen to the text on Royal Prerogative of the Monarch in the United Kingdom and fill in the gaps in the sentences below. You will hear the text twice. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •8. In the text below find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Privy council
- •10. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •In reality
- •Work in pairs. Discuss the following question. How do you think the executive power is exercised in the uk?
- •Work in pairs. Read the text below and fill in the gaps in the sentences after it.
- •Work in pairs. Use the table above and tell your partner how the executive power in the
- •Work in pairs. Choose the correct verb form in the following sentences. Explain your choice.
- •Listen to the text on the uk Cabinet and fill in the gaps in the sentences below. You will hear the text twice. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it,
- •In the text below, find the synonyms to the words in the box. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Departments of the united kingdom government
- •If you look at... Look at... One more thing... Take... Take..., for instance...
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Various
- •In accordance with
- •Include
- •Integrate
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Work in pairs. Use the table above and tell your partner about the changes in the parliamentary-presidential system of Ukraine since the Constitution was amended in 2004.
- •Listen to the text on the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and fill in the gaps in the sentences. You will hear the text twice.
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Translate into English
- •Vice-Prime Minister with one’s consent
- •Vice-Prime Minister
- •Investment
- •For questions 1-10 read through the following text and then choose from the list a-j the best phrase given below to fill each of the spaces. Political parties in the usa
- •Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the political parties in the usa and their symbols.
- •Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. All sentences refer to the future. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •Listen to the text on the Republican Party and fill in the gaps in the sentences. You will hear the text twice.
- •The republican party
- •Read the text and then fill in the table below it using the information in this and the previous exercises. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their definitions in column b and their translation in column c.
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •For questions 1-10 read through the following text and then choose from the list a-j the best phrase given below to fill each of the spaces.
- •Choose the correct form of the verb in the following sentences. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •Candidatf requirements e l c
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind, ... I beUeve that... I can't be certain, but I think ... Personally, I feel that... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •9. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Listen to the text on the Conservative Party and fill in the gaps in the sentences. You will hear the text twice
- •Ask and give explanations about the main political parties of Great Britain. You may use the clues in the boxes below. Asking for explanations
- •Giving explanations
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Increase
- •Identity
- •Improve
- •Work in pairs. Match the words and word combinations in column a with their definitions in column b and their translation in column c.
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •For questions 1-10 read through the following text and then choose from the list a-j the best phrase given below to fill each of the spaces.
- •Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Therie is an example at the beginning (0).
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind,... I believe that... I can't be certain, but I think ...
- •If you want to know what I think,... Not everybody will agree with me, but...
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •English - ukrainian
- •In the sentences below substitute the italicized elements with the words and word combinations from column a in the table above.
- •Work in pairs. Describe the election process in Ukraine using the table above.
- •Translate into English
- •Listen to the text on the elections of President and legislature in Ukraine and fill in the gaps in the sentences. You will hear the text twice. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it.
- •Read the text from the Kyiv Post on political parties in Ukraine. Then fill in the scheme below. Use the Vocabulary Section if you need it. Political parties in ukraine
- •Less important issues (below 50%)
- •I think that... In my opinion ... To my mind,... I believe that... Personally, I feel that...
- •I can't be certain, but I think ... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think, ... This is what I think ... In my personal opinion ..
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Translate into English
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things you can expect in a constitution. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms and antonyms of the words in the box.
- •Listen to the text on the constitutional principles of the us government and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •5. Fill in the gaps in the sentences below using a, the or (-). Explain your choice. Provisions for amendment
- •Finish sentences 1-10 paying attention to the asking for/giving reason elements. Read the text on constitutional interpretation first. See the example (0). Asking for/ giving reason
- •Constitutional interpretation
- •8. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Influence або грубе extreme misconduct
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things you can expect in a constitution. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
- •Listen to the text on the constitutional principles and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice. The principles of the constitution
- •What it is fine in principle, is hard to do in practice
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things you can expect in a constitution. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
- •For questions 1-24, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space.
- •Listen to the text on the human rights section of the Constitution of Ukraine and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Procedure to amend the constitution
- •I can't be certain, but I think ... I could be wrong, but I think ... I personally think ...
- •If you want to know what I think,... This is what I think ... In my personal opinion ..
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Verkhovna Rada (Ombudsman)
- •Listen to the text on the us Supreme Court of and fill in the gaps in the text below. You will hear the text twice.
- •Use pronouns instead of nouns in italics in the text below wherever possible. There is an
- •Work in pairs. Choose the correct pronoun form in the following sentences.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Impeach
- •Violate (law)
- •Internal
- •Inferior court; lower court court of special jurisdiction trial court trial by jury
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of the types of courts you can expect in Britain. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms and antonyms of the words in the box.
- •Include
- •Making conclusions / stating results
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •English - ukrainian
- •Immigration law
- •Inferior court
- •Involved in a case
- •Immigration law
- •Immigration law
- •Involved in a case care proceedings bill of indictment legally-trained district judge
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things that make the Ukrainian court system different from the American and British ones. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms and antonyms of the words in the box.
- •For questions 1-25, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space.
- •Listen to the text on the judiciary in Ukraine and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Changing the subject
- •Translate into English
- •Verdict of guilty
- •Violation
- •Incorporate
- •Interference
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things you know about civil cases and court’s jurisdiction in civil cases. Listen to other student’s ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
- •Listen to the text on the legal procedure of filing a complaint to the court in civil cases and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms and antonyms of the words in the box.
- •4. Listen to the text on the pretrial conference in civil cases in the usa and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Work in pairs. Open the brackets using the correct verb form in the following sentences.
- •The Court listening to the testimony of potential witnesses, (just, to
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •English - ukrainian
- •Interrogations
- •Inspection
- •Injured party
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things that may be different in the uk civil procedure as compared to the usa. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms and antonyms of the words in the box.
- •For questions 1-17, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •Listen to the text on civil justice in the uk and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Read the extract from a leaflet explaining how the uk legal aid system works and who can get legal aid in civil matters.
- •Legal aid
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things which may be different in a civil procedure in Ukraine as compared to Britain and the usa, Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
- •Fill in the gaps. Put the verbs from the box into the correct form: Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous. Change the word order, if necessary. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •7. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of things you can expect a criminal case begins in the usa.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
- •For questions 1-17, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space.
- •Listen to the text on the arrest in the criminal procedure in the usa and fill in the gaps.
- •Work in pairs. Choose the correct verb form in the sentences below.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Make a list of steps necessary to bring a defendant to trial in the us criminal procedure. Listen to other students’ ideas and add them to your list.
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the synonyms of the words in the box.
- •Listen to the text on the bail in criminal procedure in the usa and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. All sentences refer to the future. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Insanity
- •Insurance policy liability make sure mental defect mental disease nature payment pending
- •4. Listen to the text on the bail system in England and Wales and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •5. Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •6. Work in pairs. Tell your partner everything you know about the legal procedure in criminal cases in the uk. Use exercises 1-5 or any other materials you have.
- •Read the text on criminal court proceedings in the English judicial system. Participate in a role play paying attention to the showing surprise elements .
- •Showing surprise
- •Translate into English
- •Impose a punishment not proved be responsible for accuse
- •Listen to the text on the alternatives to trial in criminal procedure in Ukraine and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •6. Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •Work in pairs. Tell your partner everything you know about the legal procedure in criminal cases in Ukraine, Use exercises 1-6 or any other materials you have,
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Complete the following sentences with the words you have found in Activity 1.
- •Listen to the text on the jury or non-jury trials in us courts and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Translate into English
- •Vogabulary english - ukrainian
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Impanel включати до списку присяжних
- •Injury спричинення шкоди
- •Vocabulary
- •English - ukrainian
- •Impartial
- •Influence
- •Interfere
- •Interview
- •Voter registration records witness
- •Influence
- •Interfere
- •Impartial
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 1-3. Then use the table to tell your partner everything you know about the attorneys’ opening statements.
- •Translate into English
- •How evidence is presented
- •Substitute the italicized words and word combinations in the following sentences with the words you have found in activity 1.
- •Listen to the text on the presentation of evidence in us courts and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Translate into English
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Work in pairs. Choose the correct verb form in the sentences below.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Initial questioning interrogation leading questions legal argument lessen objection open court overrule pertain
- •Impeach
- •Verdict
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Substitute the italicized words and word combinations in the following sentences with the words you have found in activity 1.
- •Listen to the text on the Purpose of Trial Objections in us courts and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the meaning of the following word-combinations from the text above.
- •Translate into English
- •Vogabulary english - ukrainian
- •Immaterial evidence неістотні докази
- •Inadmissible evidence неприпустимі докази (свідчення)
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Substitute the italicized words and word combinations in the following sentences with the words you have found in Activity 1.
- •Listen to the text on exhibits and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the meaning of the following word-combinations related to the law of evidence from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 1 and 3. Then use the table to tell your partner everything you know about presenting exhibits at the trial.
- •Translate into English
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Substitute the italicized words and word combinations in the following sentences with the words you have found in activity 1.
- •Listen to the text on closing arguments and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Work in pairs. Rephrase the following sentences using modal verbs or their equivalents. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •Translate into English
- •Vigorously
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below on the basis of exercises 1 and 3. Then use the table to tell your partner everything you know about jury instructions at the trial.
- •Work in pairs. Read the text below. Then discuss with your partner the situation described in the text. There is an example (0) at the beginning.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Impartially неупереджено
- •Inference умовивід
- •Investigation розслідування
- •6. Choose the best form of the modal verbs in the brackets.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •English - ukrainian
- •Imprison
- •Interfere
- •5Ланк для заповнення при винесенні вироку verdict form
- •Imprison
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •V. Discharge of the obligation.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Injunction relief judgment judgment docket judgment lien judgment on the merits litigant
- •Work in pairs. In the text below find the words that correspond to the definitions given in the box.
- •Substitute the italicized words and word combinations in the following sentences with the words you have found in activity 1.
- •Listen to the text on the post-trial procedure in us courts and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Work in pairs. What do you think is a ‘crime’? If a driver ran over a pedestrian, is it a ‘crime’? Why or why not? Read the text below and fill in the table below.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Using the table you have filled in, describe what a ‘crime’ is. Use your own example instead of the one provided in the text of exercise 1.
- •Listen to the text on the levels of guilty mind and write down the definitions and examples of each of them.
- •Study the pictures below and decide which levels of guilty mind may the offenders have. Give your reasons. There are may be different interpretations in each case.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Using the text in exercise 7, fill in the table below and then describe the burden of the prosecution and defense in criminal cases.
- •Translate into English
- •Work in pairs. What do you know about the classiHcations of crimes in the us Criminal Code? What types of crimes do you know? Read the text below and fill in the table. Kinds of crimes
- •Work in pairs. Using the table you have filled in, describe the classification of crimes.
- •Read the text about the crimes listed in the Criminal Code and fill in the table on the next page.
- •Listen to the text on the powers of Congress and state legislatures to define crimes. Fill in the missing words. You will hear the text twice.
- •Which crimes are being described in the following situations? Work in pairs and match the words given in the box with the sentences.
- •Work in pairs. Report the statements below to your partner. There is an example (0) at the beginning.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Illegal conduct
- •Inciting to violence
- •Inherent
- •Inherent powers menacing threats minor misdemeanors
- •Illegal conduct obscenity
- •Work in pairs. What do you know about infraction in the criminal code of the usa? What kind of offences can municipal ordinances define? Read the text and fill in the table below.
- •Work in pairs. Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Using the table you have filled in in exercise 1, tell your partner everything you know about ‘infraction’.
- •Listen to the text on white collar crimes and fill in the gaps in the sentences below.
- •Work in pairs. Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Using the table you have filled in in exercise 4, tell your partner everything you know about ‘white collar crimes’.
- •Read the text on cvbercrime and fill in the table below.
- •Work in pairs. Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Using the table you have filled in in exercise 7, tell your partner everything you know about ‘cybercrime’.
- •Report the statements below to your partner. There is an example (0), (00) and (ооо) at the beginning.
- •Il Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •English - ukrainian
- •Internal Revenue Service (irs)
- •Violation of trust
- •Incarceration
- •Work in pairs. What do you think is a ‘penalty’? What should be penalties based on?
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Listen to the text on the powers of Congress and state legislatures to define crimes. Fill in the missing words. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 5, and then tell your partner about indeterminate sentences and conditions for parole.
- •Work in pairs Write a suitable answer beginning I thought you sa/c?...According to the model (sentence 1)
- •Translate into English
- •Work in pairs. ‘Actual incarceration’ is ‘imprisonment’. Do you think the imprisonment term can be reduced? How?
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Listen to the text on actual incarceration as an enhancement of penalty. Fill in the missing words. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •7. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 5, and then tell your
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Decide what the following words and word combinations may mean if we talk about penalty and sentencing structure in the us Criminal Code.
- •Read the text and fill in the table below.
- •3. Work in pairs. Using the table you have just filled in, tell your partner about the us penalty and sentencing structure.
- •4. Listen to the continuation of the text on the us penalty and sentencing structure. Fill in the missing words. You will hear the text twice.
- •5. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 4, and then continue
- •Incarcaration
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Work in pairs. What kind of the penalty enhancement is applied for the offender’s use a firearm in the commission of an offense?
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •5. Listen to the continuation of the text on firearm enhancement for felonies. Fill in the missing words. You will hear the text twice. Use the Vocabulary section if you need to.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 5, and then continue telling your partner about the us penalty and sentencing structure.
- •8. Work in pairs. Read the text below. In most lines there is one unnecessary
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. What do you think ‘sentencing’ is? How is it carried out in us law?
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Listen to the text on the types of sentences and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text in exercise 8.
- •Work in pairs. Report the statements below to your partner. There
- •Is an example (0) at the beginning.
- •At home write a passage on determining the sentence. Use the texts in this lesson or any other materials you may come across.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Work in pairs. In what cases do you think the judge must deny probation?
- •Read the text below and answer the question in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 2, and then provide some
- •Limitations,on probation - 1.
- •The difference between parole and probation
- •Work in pairs. Report the statements below to your partner. There is an example at the beginning.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. What do you think the function of the probation and parole agencies is?
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Listen to the text on two main types of probation. Point out the major differences between them and write down the standard terms of probation.
- •Work in pairs. Report the statements below to your partner. There is an example (0) at the beginning.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •4. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 2, and then provide information on the constitutional rights of accused persons in the usa to your partner.
- •5. Listen to the text and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Use the texts in activities 2, 5 and 8 to fill in the blanks below.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. What do you know about a notice of the charge and speedy trials in the criminal law in the usa?
- •Read the text below and answer the question in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 2, and then provide information on the constitutional rights of accused persons in the usa to your partner.
- •Listen to the text on public trials in the usa and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the verbs from the box. There are two examples (0) and (00) at the beginning.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 5, and then continue providing information on the constitutional rights of accused persons in the usa to your partner.
- •Constitutional rights of-accused persons-4
- •Work in pairs. Use the texts in activities 2, 5 and 8 to fill in the blanks below.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. What other basic rights does the us Constitution provide the accused with?
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •5. Listen to the text and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 4, and then continue providing information on the constitutional rights of accused persons in the usa to your partner.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using exercises 2, 5 and 8 and then tell your partner about the thing prohibited and granted by the us and Ohio constitutions.
- •The united states and ohio constitutions grant:
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •Work in pairs. What constitutional rights can the accused waive? Read the text and fill in the table.
- •Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from the text above.
- •Listen to the text and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Last Will and Testament
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
- •At home write a survey report on the constitutional rights of accused persons in the
- •Translate into English
- •English-ukranian
- •Violations of civil rights
- •Translate into English
- •In pursuit (of)
- •Veto privilege
- •In good faith
- •Listen to the text on the General Assembly of the United Nations Organization and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the verbs from the box. You may have to change the form of the word.
- •2. One of the purposes of the United Nations is to achieve
- •Work in pairs. Use the texts in exercises 2, 5 and 8 to fill in the blanks below.
- •11. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •The european parliament: voice of the people
- •9. Їranslate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Investigate the paperwork legitimacy
- •Interview
- •Investigate the paperwork
- •Law of the european union
- •Listen to the text about the sources of eu laws and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice. Sources of eu law
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Work in pairs. Look through the statements below and guess whether they are true or false.
- •Work in pairs. Read the text below and see whether your guesses concerning the statements above were correct or wrong. In the latter case give the correct answer.
- •5. Listen to the text on the osce and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Open the brackets putting the verb in the correct non-flnite form. There is an example at the beginning (0).
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Inviolability
- •Improbable
- •Intransigence
- •5. Listen to the text on the osce and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the meaning of the following word-combinations related to the osce from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 5, and then provide information on the European Parliament to your partner.
- •Organization for security and cooperation in europe - 4
- •Write an article on the osce. Use the texts in both parts of the lesson or any other materials you may come across. See also: ‘Article’ in the Recommendations on Creative Writing Work.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Interpretative statement
- •8. Work in pairs. Use the texts in activities 2 and 5 to fill in the blanks below.
- •Work in pairs. Report the statements below to your partner. There are three examples (0), (00), (ооо) at the beginning.
- •10. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Listen to the text on the evolution of nato’s relationship with Ukraine and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Work in pairs. Discuss what would happen if the situations were different. There is an example (0) at the beginning.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Listen to the text on the Structure of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Individual in civil and
- •Explain the meaning of the following word-combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Discuss what would happen if the situations were different. There is an example (0) at the beginning.
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Introductory general principles
- •Introductory general principles General Assembly dignity Greek temple
- •Work in pairs. Using the list of international treaties and covenants you have made in the table above, explain what the content of each of them might be.
- •Listen to the text on the main human rights and fundamental freedoms set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from exercises 2 and 3.
- •Listen to the text of Articles 9-11 and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from exercise 5.
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •Explain the meaning of the following word-combinations from the text.
- •Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 2, and then provide
- •Information on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to your partner.
- •5. Listen to the text of Article 18 and 19 and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •6. Explain the meaning of the following word-combinations from the text.
- •For questions 1-19, read the text below and then decide which word best fits each space. The exercise begins with an example (0).
- •A. Interpreted
- •Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Listen to tlie text of Article 18 and 19 and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •Explain the following words and word combinations from exercise 5.
- •7. Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 5, and then provide
- •Information on the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- •International covenant on economic, social and cultural rights - 2
- •Vocabulary english - ukrainian
- •5. Listen to the text of Articles 10 and 11 and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
- •A. States
- •Formal letters
- •Formal letters giving information
- •Discursive essays
- •Opinion essays
- •2.3. Essays suggesting solutions to problems
- •Essays assessing good and bad points
- •Article
- •Helpful hints
- •Буква закону
The right to a public trial .
394
The
accused also has the right
The
Ohio Constitution specifically
The
state cannot rely
Openness
may be
Closures
are decided
The
defendant must also be
J.
If witnesses refuse to
K.
In some cases the court
L.
The right to confront
Write
a survey report on the following constitutional rights of the
defendant in a criminal prosecution in the USA: the right to be
informed of the charges, the right to a speedy and public trial,
the right to confront and call witnesses. Use the texts in this
part of the lesson or any other materials you may come across. See
also: Survey Report in the Recommendations on Creative Writing
Work.
Обвинувачений
має право отримати повідомлення про
конкретні обвинувачення, висунуті
проти нього. Це повідомлення надає йому
можливість підготувати свій захист
належним чином. Обвинувачений не може
підготувати захист, якщо обвинувачення
є лише нечіткою заявою про правопорушення,
зміст якого не визначено.
Конституція
США зазначає, що обвинувачений має
право на розгляд справи за процедурою
спрощеного судочинства. Обвинуваченого
не можна примушувати чекати невизначений
час, поки вирішиться справа щодо
кримінального обвинувачення проти
нього. Йому повинна бути надана можливість
розгляду справи, що не відкладається
на невизначений строк.
У
штаті Огайо конкретні терміни розгляду
справи визначаються статутами; такі
терміни можуть бути подовжені лише за
наявності вагомих підстав. Термін,
протягом якого обвинувачений має бути
допитаний суддею або постати перед
судом після арешту або вручення судової
повістки, становить: ЗО діб для слухання
справи в судах міського голови чи в
будь-якому іншому суді при розгляді
справ, пов’язаних із незначними
правопорушеннями; 45 діб для судового
розгляду справ, пов’язаних із незначними
правопорушеннями, що тягнуть за собою
максимальне покарання у 60 діб ув’язнення;
90 діб для розгляду справ щодо серйозніших
місдимінорів; 15 діб для попереднього
слухання справ, пов’язаних з розглядом
фелонії. Статути визначають, що кожний
день, проведений у в’язниці в очікуванні
суду, зараховується за три.
Конституція
США надає обвинуваченому право на
відкритий судовий процес. Таке право
гарантує додержання чесної та належної
судової процедури. Обвинувачений також
має право на те, щоб його справа
розглядалася в окрузі, де було вчинено
злочин, що інкримінується. Право на
розгляд справи у такому окрузі гарантує,
що свідки та докази будуть легкодоступні
та що держава не зможе перенести слухання
справи у місце, де настрої щодо
обвинуваченого будуть ворожими. Однак
обвинувачений може перенести слухання
справи (це називається зміною місця
слухання), якщо він не може розраховувати
на справедливий судовий процес в окрузі,
де було вчинено злочин, що інкримінується.
Конституцією
передбачається, що підсудний у
кримінальній справі має право зустрітися
зі своїми обвинувачами та свідками, що
свідчать проти нього. Конституція
вимагає, щоб подібна ставка проводилася
віч-на-віч, тобто була очною. Іншими
словами, держава не може розраховувати
па анонімність обвинувачів та свідків
- підсудний має право знати, хто вони,
та мати можливість опитати їх особисто.
Більше того, процедура
ggg Translate into English
примусового
приведення свідків до суду, що є у
розпорядженні держави, може застосовуватися
й обвинуваченим. Для подання свідчень
обвинувачений може запросити (і навіть
примусити з’явитися) тих свідків, яких
він забажає.
accuser
adequately alleged offence ample
at
the behest of
avoid
publicity
awaiting
trial
case-by-case
change
the venue
compel
confront
confrontation
cross-examine
decency
concern
face
to face
fair
notice
findings
good
cause
hostile
identity
juvenile
cases
legitimate
locality
make
bail
motion
of closure
notice
of the charge
notify
prosecution
organized
crime cases
overall
security concern
overriding
interest
preclude
prejudice
prepare
the defence intelligently public trial rape cases
reasonable
alternatives secure witnesses specific charges speedy trial
substantia! tactical advantage transfer undisclosed
unspecified
wrongdoing vague statement validity
well-being
of participants
обвинувач
у
достатній мірі
злочин,
що інкримінується
достатній
за
розпорядженням
уникати
публічності
очікування
розгляду справи
у
кожній конкретній справі
перенести
розгляд справи в інший округ
примушувати
проводити
очну ставку
очна
ставка
піддавати
перехресному допиту турбота про
збереження пристойності віч-на-віч
своєчасне
повідомлення отримані дані вагома
підстава ворожий особа
справи
неповнолітніх законний місцевість
вносити заставу
клопотання
про закритий розгляд
повідомлення
про пред’явлення обвинувачення
повідомляти
сторону обвинувачення
справи
про організовані злочини
турбота
про загальну безпеку
особливий
інтерес
відсторонити
створювати
упереджену думку підготувати захист
належним чином відкритий судовий процес
справи про зґвалтування прийнятні
альтернативи гарантувати появу свідків
у суді конкретні обвинувачення
суд,
що не відкладається на невизначений
термін значний
тактична
перевага
переносити
невстановлений
правопорущення,
зміст якого не визначено нечітка заява
законність безпека учасників
396Vocabulary english - ukrainian
UKRAINIAN
- ENGLISH
безпека
учасників
вагома
підстава
відкритий
судовий процес
відсторонити
віч-на-віч
вносити
заставу
ворожий
гарантувати
появу свідків у суді достатній
за
розпорядженням
законний
законність
злочин,
що інкримінується значний
клопотання
про закритий розгляд
конкретні
обвинувачення
місцевість
невстановлений
нечітка
заява
обвинувач
особа
особливий
інтерес отримані дані
очікування
розгляду справи очна ставка
перенести
розгляд справи в інший округ переносити
підготувати
захист належним чином під давати
перехресному допиту повідомлення про пред’явлення
обвинувачення
повідомляти
сторону обвинувачення
правопорушення,
зміст якого не визначено
прийнятні
альтернативи
примушувати
проводити
очну ставку
своєчасне
повідомлення
справи
неповнолітніх
справи
про зґвалтування
справи
про організовані злочини
створювати
упереджену думку
суд,
що не відкладається на невизначений
термін
тактична
перевага
турбота
про загальну безпеку
турбота
про збереження пристойності
у
достатній мірі
у
кожній конкретній справі
уникати
публічності
well-being
of participants
good
cause
public
trial
preclude
face
to face
make
bail
hostile
secure
witnesses ample
at
the behest of
legitimate
validity
alleged
offence substantial motion of closure specific charges locality
undisclosed vague statement accuser identity
overriding
interest findings awaiting trial confrontation change the venue
transfer
prepare
the defence intelligently
cross-examine
notice
of the charge
notify
prosecution
unspecified
wrongdoing
reasonable
altematives
compel
confi-ont
fair
notice
juvenile
cases
rape
cases
organized
crime cases
prejudice
speedy
trial
tactical
advantage overall security concem decency concem adequately
case-by-case avoid publicity
397
L.
PART
3. MANY CRUEL THINGS ARE DONE IN THE NAME OF lUSTICE
In
addition to the rights mentioned before, there are other
constitutional rights which are important in criminal proceedings.
These include constitutional prohibitions against certain kinds of
laws, as well as constitutional rights which limit criminal laws.
The following paragraphs explain some of these constitutional
rights.
Neither
the Congress nor the states can enact retroactive or ex
post facto
laws. (These are laws that retroactively make criminal conduct that
wasn’t criminal when performed, increase the punishment for crimes
already committed, or change the rules of procedure in force at the
time an alleged crime was committed in a way substantially
disadvantageous to the accused.) This means that a person’s
criminal liability must be established according to the law in
effect at the time the person committed the alleged offence. If a
person’s conduct was innocent when it occurred, he cannot be
subjected to liability under a subsequent law which prohibits the
earlier conduct. Further, such a person cannot be subjected to a
greater penalty, or have a defense taken away.
Neither
the Congress nor the states can pass bills
of attainder
i.e. legislative acts pronouncing a person guilty of a crime,
usually treason, without trial and subjecting that person to capital
punishment or attainder. In earlier times, bills of attainder were
used to condemn a person without benefit of trial. English kings
used these bills to declare their enemies outlaws and to confiscate
their enemies’ property.
Criminal
proceedings; constitutional prohibitions against certain kinds of
laws; constitutional rights which limit criminal laws; retroactive
or ex
post facto
laws; retroactively make criminal; conduct that wasn’t criminal
when performed; increase the punishment for crimes committed; change
the rules of procedure; in force at the time an alleged crime was
committed; in a substantially disadvantageous way to the accused;
establish person’s criminal liability; law in effect; commit the
alleged offence; innocent conduct; was when it occurred, subject to
liability; subsequent law; prohibit the earlier conduct; subject to
a greater penalty; tak away the defense; bill of attainder;
legislative acts; pronounce a person guilty of a crime without
trial; treason; capital punishment; attainder; condemn a person;
benefit of trial; declare outlaws; confiscate property.
398
Work in pairs. What other basic rights does the us Constitution provide the accused with?
Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
C:0NST1TIJTI0NAL RIGHTS OF ACCUSED PERSONS - 5 |
|
What is the retroactive law? Why are they unconstitutional? |
|
What is a bill of attainder? Why are they unconstitutional? |
|
Both
the
United
punishment
for such things as
means,
and excessive
(1)
and Ohio Constitutions prohibit cruel and unusual
(2). These constitutional provisions prohibit
(3)
or death by barbaric, painful, or lingering
(4).
(An example of an
(5)
punishment
would be a penitentiary term for a minor traffic
(6).)
Additionally, the Ohio Constitution (7) punishments which
include
forfeiture of all the offender’s
his
(8)
or disinheritance of
(9).
Another
important
(10)
requirement
(11)
must be specific. Persons are
is
that criminal (12) to fair
notice
of what the law
them
to do. Criminal
not
provide fair
Ohio
(13)
them from doing or requires
(14)
which are so vague that they do
(15)
are invalid under the United States and
(16).The
United States and Ohio Constitutions also guarantee certain basic
(17)
to everyone, and (18) which prohibit or interfere with the exercise
of
such (19) are invalid. Everyone is (19) to religious freedom. For
example,
a person cannot be (20) under a law which compels a person to
renounce
her
religion, or to proclaim adherence to a particular (21).
Prohibit
cruel and unusual punishment; constitutional provisions; prohibit
torture or death; barbaric, painful, or lingering means; excessive
punishments; penitentiary term; minor traffic offence; forfeiture of
all the offender’s property; disinheritance of the offender’s
family; important constitutional requirement; criminal laws must be
specific; persons are entitled to fair notice; what the law
prohibits from doing; what the law requires to do; vague criminal
laws; provide fair notice; invalid under the constitution; guarantee
basic rights; invalid laws; interfere with the exercise of rights;
be entitled to religious freedom; be condemned under a law; compel a
person to renounce his or her religion; proclaim adherence to a
particular religion.
399
5. Listen to the text and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
Explain the following words and word combinations from the text.
Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using the text in exercise 4, and then continue providing information on the constitutional rights of accused persons in the usa to your partner.
Give
examples of cruel, unusual or excessive punishment for crimes.
What
other punishments are prohibited by Ohio Constitution?
Explain
the phrase: 'Criminal laws must be specific.’
Give
examples of unconstitutional laws concerning religious freedom.
Work
in pairs. Read the text below. In most lines there is one
unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not
fit in with the sense of the text. For each numbered line 1-20 find
this word and correct it. Some lines may be all right. The exercise
begins with an example (0). Example: 0 - ^the'
is an unnecessary word.
Everyone
is entitled to freely speak and write his/her sentiments. Thus, the
general
censorship
laws or laws prohibiting criticism of the government are
invalidated.
(The
right to free speak is not an absolute privilege. A person carmot
yell “Fire” in a
crowding theatre just to see the resultant
terror. That person may be sued for
defamation.) People are
entitled to assemble for peaceness purposes, thus the police
cannot
constitutionally broke up a lawful meeting. Everyone has a right to
petition
the government to have grievances adjusted, and cannot
be prosecuting for doing so.
The federal government carmot
prohibit a state to formation a militia. In Ohio,
people are
entitled to keep weapons for his own defense, thus the state cannot
make
the mere possession of weapons for defensive purposes a
criminal. The state and
the federal governments can impose
specific restrictions in the possession, sale
or use of certain
firearmements. The government cannot punish people for refusing
to
provide housing for the militarists. There are many other
constitutional requirements
and prohibitions which can be
important in criminalistic cases. Informing
the accused
of rights.
An accused cannot insist on his or her constitutionalized rights if
he or she
is not fully aware about them. She must be informed
of her rights in any case if he or
she asks, and in serious
cases even if he or she is not asked. Specifically, when a
person
is in custody on a seriousness charge, he or she must be told of her
right to
remain silently, of her right to counsel and of her
right to have counsel provided at
state expense if she cannot
afford it. She must be giving an explanation of her
constitutional
rights at each stage in which she appear before a judge.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Some
constitutional rights include prohibitions
certain
kinds
laws.
If
a person’s conduct was innocent when the alleged offence
occurred, he cannot be subjected
liability a
subsequent law which prohibits the earlier conduct.
An
example ____ an excessive punishment is a penitentiary term a minor
traffic
offence.
Persons
are entitled fair notice
requires
them to do.
A
person carmot be condemned a law which compels a person to renounce
her religion.
A
person may be sued defamation.
_what
the law prohibits them
doing
or
400
Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
The
state and the federal govemment can impose specific
restrictions
sale or use certain firearms.
the
possession,
refusing
to provide housing the
The
govemment cannot punish persons
military.
When
a person is custody a serious charge she must be told
remain
silent.
An
accused cannot insist
her
right to
her
constitutional rights if she is not fully aware them.
THE
UNITED STATES AND OHIO CONSTITUTIONS PROHIBIT;
Існують
і інші конституційні права, які є
важливими у кримінальному судочинстві.
До них належать конституційні заборони
на прийняття певних видів законів, а
також конституційні права, що обмежують
кримінальні закони. Ані Конгрес США,
ані штати не вправі приймати закони,
що мають зворотну силу або закони ех
post
facto.
Це
означає, що кримінальна відповідальність
особи повинна встановлюватися відповідно
до закону, який діяв на час інкримінованого
особі злочину. Якщо на конкретний момент
поведінка особи не виходила за межі
закону, то вона не може нести судову
відповідальність у випадку, якщо пізніше
буде прийнято закон, що забороняє
подібну поведінку. Крім того, до такої
особи не застосовується збільшення
міри покарання або позбавлення права
на захист внаслідок прийняття цього
пізнішого закону. Ані Конгрес США, ані
штати не можуть приймати «Білль про
позбавлення прав». Раніше такий білль
використовувався для засудження особи
шляхом прийняття законодавчого акта
без надання їй права на судовий захист.
Англійські королі застосовували такі
біллі для оголошення своїх ворогів
поза законом та для конфіскації їхнього
майна.
Як
Конституція США, так і конституція
штату Огайо забороняють жорстокі та
незвичайні покарання за злочини. Ці
конституційні положення забороняють
тортури, спричинення смерті варварськими,
болісними або такими, що продовжують
страждання, способами. Вони також
забороняють надмірне покарання. Крім
цього, конституцією штату Огайо
забороняється конфіскація всього без
винятку майна правопорушника або
позбавлення права на спадщину членів
його сім’ї. Іншою важливою конституційною
вимогою є те, що кримінальний закон має
бути чітко визначеним. Люди мають право
на повне усвідомлення того, що забороняє
чи вимагає від них закон. За конституцією,
кримінальні закони, які є настільки
неясними, що не гарантують такого
чіткого усвідомлення, не мають юридичної
сили. Конституція також гарантує певні
основні права для кожного громадянина.
Відповідно закони, що забороняють або
перешкоджають реалізації таких прав,
не мають юридичної сили. Кожен має право
на свободу віросповідання. Наприклад,
особа не може бути засуджена за законом,
який примушує зректися ії певної релігії
або проголосити прихильність до іншої
релігії.
401
Work in pairs. Fill in the table below, using exercises 2, 5 and 8 and then tell your partner about the thing prohibited and granted by the us and Ohio constitutions.
The united states and ohio constitutions grant:
Translate into English
ENGLISH
- UKRAINIAN
absolute
privilege assemble for peaceful purposes barbaric means bill of
attainder
break
up cencorship compel condemn
confiscate
property constitutional prohibitions constitutional provisions
constitutional requirements criminal liability criminal proceedings
cruel punishment declare somebody outlaw defamation defensive
purposes disinheritance enact laws establish liability excessive
punishment fair notice
forfeiture
of property greater penalty have grievances adjusted impose
restrictions in custody
inform
the accused of rights innocent conduct
interfere
with the exercise of rights
invalid
law
in effect
lawful
meeting
limit
criminal laws
lingering
means
militia
minor
traffic offense painful means penitentiary term petition the
government possession of weapons proclaim adherence to a religion
prohibit the conduct provide housing for the military refusal
religious
freedom renounce ones religion resultant terror retroactive laws
right to counsel
абсолютна
свобода
збиратися
для проведення мирних акцій варварські
способи
білль
про позбавлення прав та конфіскацію
майна
розганяти
цензура
примушувати
засуджувати
конфіскувати
майно
конституційні
заборони
конституційні
положення
конституційні
вимоги
кримінальна
відповідальність
кримінальне
судочинство
жорстоке
покарання
оголошувати
поза законом
розповсюдження
неправдивої інформації
самозахист
позбавлення
права на спадщину приймати закони
встановлювати відповідальність надмірне
покарання своєчасне повідомлення
конфіскація майна збільшена міра
покарання вирішувати скаргу вводити
обмеження під вартою
роз’яснити
обвинуваченому його права поведінка,
яка не виходить за межі закону перешкоджати
реалізації прав нечинний; такий, що не
має юридичної сили чинний закон законні
збори
обмежувати
кримінальні закони способи, що продовжують
страждання міліція
незначне
порушення правил дорожнього руху
болісні
способи
виправний
строк
подавати
петицію до уряду
володіння
зброєю
проголосити
прихильність до будь-якої релігії
забороняти поведінку надавати притулок
військовим відмова
свобода
віросповідання зректися власної релігії
паніка, що виникла внаслідок цього
закони, що мають зворотну силу право
мати адвоката
402Vocabulary
right
to remain silent specific subsequent law sue
take
the defense away unusual punishment vague
право
мовчати чітко визначений пізніше
прийнятий закон притягувати до
відповідальності позбавляти права на
захист незвичайне покарання неясний
UKRAINIAN
-
ENGLISH
абсолютна
свобода
білль
про позбавлення прав та конфіскацію
майна
болісні
способи варварські способи вводити
обмеження виправний строк вирішувати
скаргу відмова
володіння
зброєю встановлювати відповідальність
жорстоке покарання забороняти поведінку
закони, що мають зворотну силу законні
збори засуджувати
збиратися
для проведення мирних акцій
збільшена
міра покарання
зректися
власної релігії
конституційні
вимоги
конституційні
заборони
конституційні
положення
конфіскація
майна
конфіскувати
майно
кримінальна
відповідальність
кримінальне
судочинство
міліція
надавати
притулок військовим надмірне покарання
незвичайне покарання
незначне
порущення правил дорожнього руху
нечинний
такий,
що не має юридичної сили неясний
обмежувати
кримінальні закони оголошувати поза
законом паніка, що виникла внаслідок
цього перешкоджати реалізації прав
під вартою
пізніше
прийнятий закон
поведінка,
яка не виходить за межі закону
подавати
петицію до уряду
позбавлення
права на спадщину
позбавляти
права на захист
право
мати адвоката
право
мовчати
приймати
закони
absolute
privilege bill of attainder
painful
means barbaric means impose restrictions penitentiary term have
grievances adjusted refusal
possession
of weapons establish liability cruel punishment prohibit the conduct
retroactive laws lawful meeting condemn
assemble
for peaceful purposes greater penalty renounce ones religion
constitutional requirements constitutional prohibitions
constitutional provisions forfeiture of property confiscate property
criminal liability criminal proceedings militia
provide
housing for the military
excessive
punishment
unusual
punishment
minor
traffic offense
invalid
invalid
vague
limit
criminal laws declare somebody outlaw resultant terror
interfere
with the exercise of rights
in
custody
subsequent
law
innocent
conduct
petition
the government
disinheritance
take
the defense away
right
to counsel
right
to remain silent
enact
laws
403
примушувати
притягувати
до відповідальності проголосити
прихильність до будь-якої релігії
роз’яснити обвинуваченому його права
розганяти
розповсюдження
неправдивої інформації самозахист
свобода
віросповідання
своєчасне
повідомлення
способи,
що продовжують страждання
цензура
чинний
закон
чітко
визначений
compel
sue
proclaim
adherence to a religion
inform
the accused of rights
break
up
defamation
defensive
purposes
religious
freedom
fair
notice
lingering
means
ceneorship
law
in effect
specific
404
PART
4. TO CANCEL A BAD LAW - ENFORCE IT
STRICTLY
Waiver
of Rights.
In general, the accused can waive a constitutional right. For
example, she may waive the right to remain silent and make a
confession but the law enforcement officials must demonstrate to the
court that the waiver was the product of a free and deliberate
choice rather than a decision based on intimidation, deception or
coercion. The accused can also waive her right to counsel and
proceed pro
se
or
by self representation or she can waive her right to indictment and
etc. However, a judge may disregard the defendant's request and
appoint an attomey if the pro
se
defendant
engages in dilatory or dismptive tactics. The accused can also waive
her right to indictment and etc. A waiver must be voluntary, and
must be made with full knowledge of the right being waived and of
the consequences of waive. A waiver may be shown by a person's
actions. For example, a criminal defendant may waive the privilege
against selfincrimination merely by going on the witness stand.
Such an action is called an implied
waiver.
Enforcement
of Rights.
Constitutional rights can be enforced in a variety of ways. The
judicial interpretation of fundamental rights has allowed states
considerable leeway in shaping their own criminal procedures.
Although their procedural rales and statutes are similar in many
respects, federal and state legislatures are responsible for their
own criminal procedures, and procedures can vary from state to
state. State and federal governments may not limit the protections
guaranteed by the Constitution, but they may expand them. Evidence
obtained through an unreasonable search or an involuntary confession
can be suppressed. A decision can be reversed and the case dismissed
or remanded for a new trial. Public officials responsible for a
violation of constitutional and other rights could be liable for
civil damages. Under Ohio law, certain violations of civil rights
can themselves be crimes.
Waive
a constitutional right; waive the right to remain silent; make a
confession; law enforcement officials; waiver; free and deliberate
choice; decision based on intimidation deception or coercion; waive
the right to counsel; proceed by self representation; waive the
right to indictment; disregard the defendant’s request; appoint an
attomey;pro
se
defendant;
engage in
405
Work in pairs. What constitutional rights can the accused waive? Read the text and fill in the table.
Read the text below and answer the questions in exercise 1 again.
Explain the following words and word combinations from the text above.
. ■■ TTT"' 11' . 1..====;, . ^s;gssas^= CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF ACCUSED PERSONS - 6 |
|
What kinds of constitutional rights can be waived by an accused person? |
|
What is the law enforcement officials’ duty if an accused person waives his constitutional rights? |
|
When can the judge disregard the defendant’s waiver of the right to counsel and appoint an attomey? |
|
What is an ‘impUed waiver’? |
|
Should criminal procedures be the same in all the states? Why? |
|
What may happen if the defendant’s fundamental rights have been violated? |
|
REVIEW
ON APPEAL
In
Ohio, a defendant has the right to appeal to the court
of (1).
If the defendant is indigent, the state
must
provide her with (2) and a transcript of
the
the conviction and remand the case to the
(3)
court for retrial or other proceedings. If no harmful error
occurred,
the (4) of appeals will affirm the
conviction.
In
Ohio, a (5) has no statutory right to
^Ajqam
appeal the decision of the court of appeals except where the
court
of appeals has affirmed a (6) of a trial
court
which imposed the death penalty. In non-death
petition
the Ohio Supreme Court to review his or her
_
(7) cases, the defendant may (8).
In
general, the Ohio Supreme Court is not required to allow an
(9),
but may do so
depending
on the issues raised in the appeal and the impact of the (10) of the
court
of
appeals on Ohio (11). If the Ohio Supreme Court declines to accept
the
defendant’s
appeal or if it affirms the
after
allowing the appeal, the defendant
406
Listen to the text and fill in the gaps. You will hear the text twice.
Last Will and Testament
V CONSTlTqTIONALWGHTSOHePUSE^PERSONS,^7X-'5;S^^^ ; -A |
|
Does a defendant have the right to appeal? |
|
What should the state do if the defendant is indigent? |
|
What happens in the court of appeals if no harmful error has occurred? |
|
Is there a statutory right to appeal the decision of the court of appeals in Ohio? |
|
What courts may the defendant petition to appeal his or her case? |
|
What are the possible decisions of Supreme Courts as regards the defendant’s appeal? |
|
1 What are the special conditions of filing and considering appeals at the Supreme Courts? |
|
Work
in pairs. Read the text below. In most lines there is one
unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not
fit in with the sense of the text. For each numbered line 1-15 find
this word and correct it. Some lines may be all right. The exercise
begins with an example (0). Example: 0 - ^referred’
not ^refered'.
Postconviction
Relief.
The appeal procedure outlined before, refered to as direct 0
appeal,
is limiting to the review of issues which appear on the record.
Where the 1
defendant
claim that error occurred, which violated his or her constitutional
rights and 2
407
contributed
to his or her conviction, but which do not appear on the record,
the 3
defendant
may file a petition to postconviction relief The petition is filed
in the trial 4
court
in which the defendant had been convicted. The defendant must attach
to, or 5
include
with, the petition some evidence which are not already on the
record. The 6
petition
may be denied without a hearing. There is not time limitation within
which a 7
postconviction
petition must be filed. There is no right for counsel in
postconviction 8
proceedings,
although the court may appoint counsel in rear cases. After the
defendant 9
has
sought all releif available in Ohio’s courts, he or she may file a
petition for federal 10
habeas
corpus relief in the United States Districts Court. Although the
court may only 11
consider
violations of the United States Constitution, its review is not
limitated to 12
matters
which appear in the record of the original trial. Generally, any
federal issue, 13
which
had been fairly presented by the defendant to the Ohio Supreme
Court, may be 14
reviewed
in a federal habeas corpus proceedure. 15
If
the defendant is indigent, the state must provide her counsel and a
transcript
the
trial proceedings.
The
Ohio Supreme Court may allow an appeal depending ^the issues
raised ^the
appeal.
The
appeal is limited issues that appear the transcript.
The
defendant may file a petition postconviction relief
Work in pairs. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
The petition may be denied a hearing.
