- •The first local network. Creating a standard lan technologies
- •2.Current trends. Computer networks. The concept of a computer network.
- •3.Types of networks.
- •6.Cable types. Coaxial cable.
- •7.Twisted pair and its main categories.
- •Fiber optic cable. Signaling.
- •9) Wireless networks. Network adapter card.
- •10)Classification of topological network elements.
- •11. Basic concepts: network nodes, cable segment, the segment of the network, a logical network, cloud, passive and active communication devices.
- •12. Multilevel model of network reference model osi. Data encapsulation.
- •Data Flow and Encapsulation
- •15. Gigabit Ethernet. Network technology
- •16. Apple Talk network technology and Arc net
- •17. Network fddi, main characteristics
- •18. Atm technology
- •19. Modems. Repeaters. Bridges. Routers. Gateways
- •20. Protocol stack of tcp/ip. Protocol ip
- •21. Classes of ip addresses
- •22.Cidr. Create supersets. The use of variable length subnet masks.
- •24.Rip version 2. Comparison of protocols riPv1 and riPv2.
- •25.Ospf protocol for a particular zone. Terminology of protocol ospf.
- •26.Address Resolution Protocol arp
- •27. The differences between the protocols bootp and dhcp
- •28. Protocol Frame Relay (fr).
- •29. The main functions of tcp. Protocol udp.
- •30. Eigrp protocol for a particular zone. Terminology of protocol eigrp
24.Rip version 2. Comparison of protocols riPv1 and riPv2.
Difference between RIPv1 & RIPv2
RIPv1
-A classful distance vector routing protocol
-Does not support discontiguous subnets
-Does not support VLSM
-Does not send subnet mask in routing update
-Routing updates are broadcast
RIPv2
-A classless distance vector routing protocol that is an
enhancement of RIPv1’s features.
-Next hop address is included in updates
-Routing updates are multicast
-The use of authentication is an option
Similarities between RIPv1 & RIPv2
-Use of timers to prevent routing loops
-Use of split horizon or split horizon with poison reverse
-Use of triggered updates
-Maximum hop count of 15
Both versions of RIP, RIPv1 and RIPv2, are Distance Vector Routing Protocols that use router hop counts as their metrics. They support a maximum hop count value of 15. Any router farther than 15 hops away is considered to be unreachable. The main enhancement of RIPv2 over its ancestor is the fact that it first sends the subnet mask with the updates; hence it is considered to be a classless routing protocol in the sense that it is able to distinguish among different subnets – which is something that is not found in RIPv1.
25.Ospf protocol for a particular zone. Terminology of protocol ospf.
Open Shortest Path First is a true link state protocol developed as an open standard for routing IP across large multi-vendor networks.OSPF detects changes in the topology, such as link failures, and converges on a new loop-free routing structure within seconds. It computes the shortest path tree for each route using a method based on Dijkstra's algorithm, a shortest path first algorithm.
Terminalogy:
Areas. OSPF uses a hierarchy with assigned areas that connect to a core backbone of routers. Each area is defined by one or more routers that have established adjacencies.
Neighbor - A connected (adjacent) router that is running a process with the adjacent interface assigned to the same area.
Adjacency - The logical connection between a router and the Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR).
Link - A network or router interface assigned to any network.When using OSPF Link is the same as the interface.
Interface - The physical interface on a router. If the link is up the interface is up. Link State Advertisement- The LSA is an OSPF data packet containing link-state and routing information which is shared with the other routers.
Designated Router- The Deisgnated Router (DR) is used only when the OSPF router is connected to a broadcast (Multi-Access) domain. It is used to minimize the number of adjacencies formed. The DR is chosen to push / recieve routing information to / from the other routers.
Non-Broadcast Multi-Access - NBMA are networks like Frame Relay, X.25 and ATM. While these networks allow for multiple-access they do not have any broadcast capabilities like ethernet. Special consideration is required when configuring an NBMA network with OSPF. Broadcast (multi-access) - Ethernet allows for broadcast and multii-access. It requires the election of a Designated Router and a Backup Designated Router. Router ID- The Router ID is the highest IP address of all configured Loopback interfaces. It is then used to represent the router. If there are no loopback interfaces configured the Router ID will use the highest IP address of any of its configured interfaces.