Which word?

Desire vs. Need / desire vs. Wish / need vs. Urge

DESIRE or NEED? A need is usually stronger than a desire: it is usually something which you feel you must have, not just something that you would like; when it is used in negative sentences, however, it can mean something that you don’t want: She had no more need of me (= did not want me any more). DESIRE or WISH? When it is used alone, desire only suggests a slightly stronger feeling than wish. However, desire is often used with adjectives such as deep, great, urgent, burning, insatiable and overwhelming, expres­sing a much stronger feeling; wish is not often used with these adjectives. NEED or URGE? Both these words often describe feelings that seem to come from the body rather than the mind: A / an biological / instinctive / primitive need / urge. However, needs are usually feelings that are shared by a lot of people and are easy to understand and accept; an urge may be less easy to understand and something that you try to prevent yourself from doing or expressing: She felt a violent urge to laugh, but suppressed it, with difficulty.

Task 10. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the words in italics.

1. Most children have an insatiable desire for knowledge. 2. She felt an overwhelming desire to return home. 3. He now had enough money to satisfy all his desires. 4. (formal) I have no desire (= I do not want) to discuss the matter further. 5. She felt the need to talk to someone. 6. I’m in need of some fresh air. 7. It can be difficult to express our needs and desires. 8. I can understand her wish for secrecy. 9. He had no wish to start a fight. 10. His dearest wish (= what he wants most of all) is to see his grandchildren again. 11. It was her dying wish that I should have it. 12. The temptation of easy profits was too much for them. 13. Don’t give in to temptation. 14. I couldn’t resist the temptation to open the letter. 15. I had a sudden urge to hit him. 16. Freud claimed that this behaviour was caused by the repression of unconscious urges. 17. She felt a violent urge to laugh, but suppressed it, with difficulty. 18. He had a sudden impulse to stand up and sing. 19. Her first impulse was to run away. 20. The door was open and on an impulse she went inside. 21. He tends to act on impulse. 22. He did not show the slightest inclination to leave. 23. He was a loner by nature and by inclination. 24. You must follow your own inclinations when choosing a career. 25. He was forced to pander to her every whim. 26. We bought the house on a whim. 27. She hires and fires people at whim (= as and when she wants to, without good reason). 28. She spent her life pandering to the wants of her children. 29. He felt a great compulsion to drive too fast. 30. Obsessions and compulsions often develop in people who live stressful lives.

Task 11. Translate into English.

1. Клієнт завжди правий. 2. Бажання клієнта – закон. 3. Будь-який каприз (забаганка)! 4. Виробники створюють нові продуктові лінійки, аби задовольнити бажання та потреби споживачів. 5. Він зробив це через компульсивність. 6. Купівельна звичка – це схильність споживачів здійснювати купівлю у той чи інший спосіб. 7. Раптовий імпульс та зваба часто змушують нас купувати непотрібні речі.

Task 12. a) Study the following words.