Vocabulary Notes:

1. prevalent [`prevələnt] – поширений; переважний; превалюючий;

2. lingua franca [`lıŋgwə `fræŋkə] – лінгва-франка (мова міжетнічного спілкування); іст. гібрид італійської, іспанської, французької, грецької і турецької мов, що в давнину використовувався для ведення торговельних справ у Середземному морі);

3. to handle [`hænd^əl] – керувати; справлятися;

4. character [`kærəktə] / [`kærəkt^ər] – буква; цифра, ієрогліф;

b) Answer the questions.

1. What is the prevalent language for communication on the Internet? Why?

2. English is known as a lingua franca, isn’t it?

3. Did early computers have advanced capability to handle characters of various alphabets?

4. Apart from English, what other languages are most requested on the World Wide Web?

5. In what regions of the world are most Internet users based?

Task 17. a) Study the following word-building patterns.

How are computer words formed?

Computer words are easy to learn and remember because many of them use a few forms that occur again and again:

• -ware refers to products used for running a computer;

• cyber- and e- mean “relating to the Internet”;

• techno- means “relating to computers”;

b) Make up words using the box below.

WARE- CYBER- E- TECHNO-	soft
	space
	phobia
	mail
	commerce
	cash
	stress
	café
	hard

b) Which of the above words means:

1. electronic money;

2. stress caused by hi-tech devices;

3. business transactions conducted on the Internet;

4. the programs that can be used with a particular computer system;

5. a café with computer equipment that gives public access to the Internet;

6. the physical equipment used in a computer system, such as the central processing unit, peripheral devices, and memory;

7. the transmission and distribution of messages, information, facsimiles of documents, etc., from one computer terminal to another;

8. all of the data stored in a large computer or network represented as a three-dimensional model through which a virtual-reality user can move;

9. fear of the effects of technological developments on society or the environment; fear of using technological devices, such as computers?

c) Translate into English.

1. Цифрове середовище; кіберпростір (термін, придуманий у 1982 р. письменником Вільямом Гібоном); простір Інтернету;

2. програмне забезпечення; комп’ютерні програми; “софт”; програмні засоби;

3. електронна торгівля, електронна комерція, торгівля через Інтернет;

4. електронна пошта; електронна кореспонденція; електронний лист;

5. хардвер, “залізо”, деталі комп’ютера; апаратура; апаратні засоби;

6. електронна готівка; електронні гроші;

7. Інтернет-кафе; кіберкафе;

8. техно-стрес;

9. технофобія.

Task 18. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the words in italics.

1. A new law has given e-signatures the same legal status as handwritten ones.

2. E-learning will become more and more common as an alternative to traditional learning.

3. We have e-enabled everything you need to study on the Internet.

4. E-books are beginning to seriously compete with traditional books.

5. The dotcom economy has attracted hundreds of new businesses hoping to make a fortune.

Task 19. Make sure you know how to read web addresses aloud. For example, for BBC news you can access http://news.bbc.co.uk/ which is read as H-T-T-P, colon, double-slash, news-dot-BBC-dot-co-dot-UK, forward-slash.

Note: “co” [kəu]; “org” [O:g]; “com” [kOm]; @ [æt].

1. http://www.jobs.pl

2. http://www.landshaft@svitonline.com

3. http://www.expo.vn.ua

4. http://www.cobuild.collins.co.uk.

5. http://grishkovets.livejournal.com/

Task 20. Translate the following sayings. Choose one to comment on.

1. “They say a year in the Internet business is like a dog year … equivalent to seven years in a regular person’s life. In other words, it’s evolving faster and faster.” (Vinton Cerf)

2. “Why didn’t they have mobile phones in the 1920s?  Think how many misunderstandings in the world could have been avoided.” (Sophie Kinsella)

3. “To be happy in this world, first you need a cell phone and then you need an airplane. Then you’re truly wireless.” (Ted Turner)

4. “Nowadays, anyone who cannot speak English and is incapable of using the Internet is regarded as backward.” (Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Alsaud)

5. “Globalization, as defined by rich people like us, is a very nice thing … you are talking about the Internet, you are talking about cell phones, you are talking about computers. This doesn’t affect two-thirds of the people of the world.” (Jimmy Carter)

6. “Paper is no longer a big part of my day. I get 90% of my news online, and when I go to a meeting and want to jot things down, I bring my Tablet PC. It’s fully synchronized with my office machine so I have all the files I need.” (Bill Gates)

7. “Email, instant messaging, and cell phones give us fabulous communication ability, but because we live and work in our own little worlds, that communication is totally disorganized.” (Marilyn vos Savant)

8. “The remarkable social impact and economic success of the Internet is in many ways directly attributable to the architectural characteristics that were part of its design. The Internet was designed with no gatekeepers over new content or services.” (Vinton Cerf)

9. “In today’s knowledge-based economy, what you earn depends on what you learn. Jobs in the information technology sector, for example, pay 85 percent more than the private sector average.” (Bill Clinton)

10. “I always had faith in the Internet. I believed in it and thought it was obviously going to change the way the world worked. I really did not understand why others were selling their stock. As stock prices plunged, I just bought them, one after another, since I had the money. I guess I was rather lucky.” (Takafumi Horie)

11. “I must confess that I’ve never trusted the Web. I’ve always seen it as a coward’s tool. Where does it live? How do you hold it personally responsible? Can you put a distributed network of fiber-optic cable “on notice”? And is it male or female? In other words, can I challenge it to a fight?” (Stephen Colbert)

12. “There are managers so preoccupied with their e-mail messages that they never look up from their screens to see what’s happening in the nondigital world.” (Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi)

13. “The new information technology, Internet and e-mail, have practically eliminated the physical costs of communications.” (Peter Drucker)

14. “The most important ways in which I think the Internet will affect the big issue is that it will make it more difficult for government to collect taxes.” (Milton Friedman)

15. “The Internet is turning economics inside-out. For example, everybody on the Internet now wants stuff for free and there are so many free services available.” (Uri Geller)

16. “A lot of people think that the new economy is all about the Internet. I think that it’s being fueled by the Internet – as well as by cell phones, digital assistants, and the like – but that it’s really about customers.” Patricia Seybold)

17. “Like almost everyone who uses e-mail, I receive a ton of spam every day. Much of it offers to help me get out of debt or get rich quick. It would be funny if it weren’t so exciting.” (Bill Gates)

18. “Information technology and business are becoming inextricably interwoven. I don’t think anybody can talk meaningfully about one without the talking about the other.” (Bill Gates)

19. “I think it’s fair to say that personal computers have become the most empowering tool we’ve ever created. They’re tools of communication, they’re tools of creativity, and they can be shaped by their user.” (Bill Gates)

20. “The Internet will help achieve “friction free capitalism” by putting buyer and seller in direct contact and providing more information to both about each other.” (Bill Gates)

21. “The Internet doesn’t change everything. It doesn’t change supply and demand. It doesn’t magically allow you to build businesses by turning investors’ money into operating expenses indefinitely. The money always runs out eventually… The Internet doesn’t change that, as we have seen.” (Andrew Grove)

22. “The key is the Internet. The United States is by far the most advanced country in this new digital culture, so we have to be there. The Internet is the heart of this new civilization, and telecommunications are the nervous system, or circulatory system.” (Carlos Slim Helu)

23. “Apparently we love our own cell phones but we hate everyone else’s.” (Joe Bob Briggs)