Vocabulary and Cultural Notes:

• to surpass [sə`pα:s] – to be better or greater than something else; to be even better than what was expected or hoped for;

• odds – the chances of something happening;

Of course, just because these people made it does not of course mean that most people can do without a college degree. If you’ve got an entrepreneurial spirit, the degree is just a backup.

Task 24. Answer the questions.

1. Did all successful entrepreneurs need college education?

2. Which company uses saleswomen who sell directly to customers?

3. In Mary Cay Inc. the most successful saleswomen are given pink Cadillacs, aren’t they?

4. What is Richard Branson best known for?

5. Why is Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson often seen as different from the typical businessman?

6. What does the abbreviation LBD stand for?

7. What product(s) kept the name of Gabrielle Coco Chanel famous?

8. Which British music and television producer is sometimes called Mr Nasty or Judge Dread? Why?

9. Who became the most profitable PC manufacturer in the world?

10. Who was Fox Broadcasting Company started by?

11. When did Walt Disney start his own company?

12. What is the annual revenue of the Walt Disney Company these days?

13. How did Debbie Fields become the most successful cookie company owner?

14. Who developed the idea of the assembly line?

15. When did Henry Ford start to make cars?

16. What car “put America on wheels”?

17. Which company did William Henry Gates III found in 1975? What is the origin of the name of the company?

18. What is America’s best-loved chocolate brand?

19. What brand of portable media players was designed and launched by Apple Inc. on October 23, 2001 (2001-10-23)?

20. How has Rachel Ray made a name for herself in the food industry?

21. Is it possible to make $700 million in a single year without spending money on advertising? How do accomplishments of Ty, Inc. illustrate this phenomenon?

22. Who became the most influential architect of the twentieth century?

Task 25. Match the names of above successful entrepreneurs (column A) with their respective accomplishments (column B).

A

B

Mary Kay Ash Richard Branson Coco Chanel Simon Cowell Michael Dell Barry Diller Walt Disney Debbi Fields Henry Ford Bill Gates Milton Hershey Steve Jobs Rachael Ray Ty Warner Frank Lloyd Wright

became a famous television producer; became the most influential architect of the twentieth century; became the most profitable PC manufacturer in the world; became the most successful cookie company owner; co-founded Apple Computers; excelled in cosmetics business; has made a name for herself in the food industry; is a savvy, yet private businessman who made a multimillion profit without spending money on advertising; is best known for his thrill seeking spirit and outrageous business tactics; is the most influential animator; revolutionized the auto-making industry; started Fox Broadcasting Company; started his own chocolate company which produced the first nationally marketed chocolate; started the largest computer software company; succeeded in the fashion world and gave her name to a famous perfume;

Task 26. Match the passages in the text (Task 21) with their topics. Write the number of respective paragraphs on the line.

1.	____	A British music and television producer sometimes called Mr Nasty or Judge Dread;
2.	____	a broadcasting company started by a college dropout;
3.	____	a co-founder of the company famous for innovative products such as the iPod, iTunes, and most recently the iPhone;
4.	____	a creative businesswoman who influenced 20th century fashion;
5.	____	a person who made $700 million in a single year without spending money on advertising;
6.	____	an engineer and businessman who started the assembly line production, revolutionalizing the auto-making industry;
7.	____	a well known brand created by a woman;
8.	____	a woman who has made a name for herself in the food industry having no formal training in culinary arts;
9.	____	a young 20 year old housewife with no business experience, who became the most successful cookie company owner;
10.	____	an extravagant owner of 360 companies;
11.	____	the founder of the company producing the first nationally marketed chocolate in the USA;
12.	____	the inventor of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck;
13.	____	the most influential architect of the 20th century;
14.	____	the most profitable PC manufacturer in the world;
15.	____	the philanthropist ranked as the world’s richest person from 1995-2006.

Task 27. Choose proper verbs to fill in the blanks in the sentences below.

1. Mary Kay Ash successfully _____ a brand known throughout the world.

   A. designed;	B. engineered;	C. created;

2. Richard Branson is a British businessman who _____ the Virgin companies.

   A. invented;	B. started;	C. evolved;

3. Coco Chanel _____ the little black dress.

   A. engineered;	B. invented;	C. founded;

4. Gabrielle Coco Chanel was determined to _____ herself, and threw out innovative ideas.

A. invent;	B. design;	C. engineer;

5. Walt Disney is a US film producer who _____ his own company in the 1920s.

   A. started;	B. innovated;	C. invented;

6. Walt Disney _____ some of the best-known cartoon characters, including Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck.

   A. invented;	B. pioneered;	C. designed;

7. Walt Disney _____ many nature films and adventure films for children.

   A. designed;	B. invented;	C. made;

8. Henry Ford _____ the idea of the assembly line.

   A. founded;	B. developed;	C. invented;

9. Henry Ford _____ the famous Model T Ford, and became one of the US’s richest and most successful businessmen.

   A. launched;	B. founded;	C. invented;

10. The Ford Motor Company _____ Model T Ford from 1908 through 1927.

    A. produced;	B. designed;	C. engineered;

11. The Ford Model T car was _____ by Childe Harold Wills and two Hungarian immigrants Joseph A. Galamb and Eugene Farkas.

    A. designed;	B. launched;	C. founded;

12. The Ford Motor Company was _____ in a converted factory in 1903 with $28,000 in cash from twelve investors, most notably John and Horace Dodge.

    A. launched;	B. evolved;	C. designed;

13. Henry Ford was 40 years old when he _____ the Ford Motor Company.

    A. founded;	B. engineered;	C. pioneered;

14. William Henry Gates III (known as Bill Gates) and Paul Allen _____ Microsoft in New Mexico in 1975.

    A. founded;	B. innovated;	C. invented;

15. In 1900, Milton S. Hershey _____ the recipe for what would become a great American classic.

    A. founded;	B. developed;	C. designed;

16. Apple Computers (Apple Inc.) is an American multinational corporation that _____ and manufactures consumer electronics and software products.

A. invents;	B. launches;	C. designs;

17. iPhone is an Internet-connected, multimedia smartphone designed and _____ by Apple Inc.

    A. marketed;	B. invented;	C. founded;

18. The original iPhone was _____ in the United States on June 29, 2007 before being marketed worldwide.

    A. invented;	B. engineered;	C. introduced;

19. Rachel Ray has _____ a name for herself in the food industry.

    A. launched;	B. made;	C. started;

20. A special website dedicated to bashing Rachael Ray was _____.

    A. created;	B. innovated;	C. marketed;

21. Food Network was _____ on November 23, 1993 as TV Food Network.

    A. founded;	B. designed;	C. invented;

22. Ty, Inc., _____ $700 million in a single year with the Beanie Babies craze without spending money on advertising.

    A. launched;	B. made;	C. pioneered;

23. The first nine Beanie Babies were _____ in 1993.

    A. founded;	B. engineered;	C. launched;

24. Bratz dolls is a popular line of fashion dolls and related merchandise _____ by Carter Bryant and manufactured by southern California toy company MGA Entertainment.

    A. designed;	B. founded;	C. engineered;

25. Frank Lloyd Wright _____ more than 1,100 projects with about half actually being built.

A. designed;

B. invented;

C. founded.

Task 28. Translate into English.

1. Багатьом успішним підприємцям не знадобилася вища освіта. 2. Мері Кей Еш створила всесвітньо відомий бренд. 3. На сьогодні майже півмільйона жінок відкрили свій бізнес і продають косметику Мері Кей. 4. Заснована в 1902 році, автомобільна компанія Кадилак була названа на честь засновника міста Детройт. 5. Ричард Бренсон найбільш відомий тим, що є любителем гострих відчуттів, а також своєю жорсткою бізнес тактикою. 6. Сер Ричард Чарльз Ніколас Бренсон не схожий на типового бізнесмена, оскільки відростив довге волосся і не носить ділові костюми. 7. Парфуми Шанель № 5 названі на честь відомої французької жінки-дизайнера. 8. Коко Шанель розробила дизайн невеликої чорної сукні, яка вважається обов’язковою частиною гардеробу будь-якої жінки. 9. Британський музичний і телевізійний продюсер Саймон Кауел відомий тим, що грубить учасникам телевізійних пісенних конкурсів. 10. Майкл Делл розпочав власний бізнес з 1 тисячею доларів у кишені, складаючи у кімнаті університетського гуртожитку комп’ютери. 11. Уолт Дісней винайшов декілька з найбільш відомих мультиплікаційних героїв. 12. Компанія Уолта Діснея має сьогодні щорічний дохід у 30 мільярдів доларів. 13. Двадцятирічна домогосподарка Дербі Філдз, не маючи досвіду ділової діяльності, стала найбільш успішною власницею компанії з виготовлення домашнього печива. 14. У віці 16 років Генрі Форд пішов з дому і став помічником машиніста. 15. Форд розвинув ідею конвеєра. 16. Компанія Форд пережила період Великої депресії. 17. Назву компанії Майкрософт запропонував Біл Гейтс у листі до свого партнера по бізнесу Пола Аллена. 18. Засновники компанії Майкрософт є відомими філантропами. 19. У 1900 році Мільтон Хеші розробив рецепт молочного шоколаду, що згодом стане американською класикою. 20. Стів Джобз розробив перший персональний комп’ютер Епл. 21. Рейчел Рей зрозуміла, що досягла успіху, коли було створено вебсайт для її публічної критики. 22. Тай Уорнер – кмітливий і водночас потайливий бізнесмен, який за один рік заробив 700 мільйонів доларів, не потративши гроші на рекламу. 23. Френк Ллойд Райт перевершив усі сподівання, ставши найбільш впливовим архітектором 20 століття. 24. Більшість людей не можуть обійтися без диплома про вищу освіту. 25. Якщо ви володієте духом підприємництва, диплом є лише допоміжним засобом.

Task 29. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

The lives of the above mentioned successful entrepreneurs (Task 23) prove that …

• lack of college education frees businessmen and makes them more creative;

• lack of educational background gives a chance to excel in business;

• college degree is not necessary if a person has got an entrepreneurial spirit;

• entrepreneurial spirit is just a backup if you have got a college degree;

• there are few examples of successful entrepreneurs who didn’t need college education;

• there is no chance to become a millionaire without a college degree.

Task 30. а) Read and translate the article by Donald J. Trump.

Donald J. Trump is the very definition of the American success story. He has continually set new standards of excellence while expanding his interests in luxury residential real estate, world-class hotels, office buildings, championship golf clubs, gaming, merchandising and entertainment. Mr. Trump is committed to personal and direct involvement in everything that his name represents. This commitment has made him the pre-eminent developer of quality real estate known around the world.

The Value of a College Education

“I’ve been a long-time supporter of college education. I think that a college degree puts you so far ahead in life that it’s utterly necessary in today’s competitive business world.

Now the government released a report backing what I’ve said all along.

According to the Census Bureau, a bachelor’s degree is worth about $23,000 a year. That’s the average gap in earnings between adults who graduated from college and those who just have high school diplomas.

College graduates make an average of about $51,000 a year compared with only about $28,000 for people with just a high school diploma. High school dropouts, on the other hand, earn an average of roughly $19,000 … and those with advanced college degrees make approximately $78,000.

It doesn’t matter if you’re a man or a woman or what race or ethnic group you belong to. If you go to college, you end up making a lot more money. It’s that simple.

And I can’t think of a better reason to get a college degree.”