Vocabulary and Cultural Notes:

1. brewery [`bru:əri] – пивоварний завод, броварня;

2. patron [`peıtrən] – постійний покупець; постійний клієнт;

3. secularized [`sekjuləraızd] – секуляризований; перетворений на світський; відокремлений від церкви;

4. pale lager [peı^əl `lα:gə] – лагер, світле пиво (приготовлене методом низового бродіння);

5. wheat beers [ֽwi:t `bıə] – пшеничні сорти пива;

6. a learning facility [`lə:nıŋ fə`sıləti] – навчальний заклад;

7. the Techincal [`teknık<sup>ə</sup>l] University of Munich [`mju:nık] (the Technische Universität München – TUM) – a research university with several campuses. TUM is among the highest acclaimed universities in Germany, producing several Nobel Laureates including Gerhard Ertl who in 2007 received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, and was ranked as 35^th in the world in 2009 according to Global University Ranking.

5. The Wieliczka Salt Mine in the Krakow [`krækau] area of Poland is another one that had been going strong until very recently. And it sort of still is – although it’s no longer producing salt, it is still a popular tourist spot, attracting about 1.2 million visitors every year. Since it has been open since 1044, some of those visitors have included Copernicus [kəu`pə:nıkəs], Goethe [`gə:tə], Mendeleyev, Pope John Paul II and Bill Clinton.

Vocabulary and Cultural Notes:

1. it sort of still is – частково таким до цих пір є;

2. popular tourist spot – популярне туристичне місце;

3. Copernicus (Nicolaus) [kəu`pə:nıkəs] / [kə`pə:nɪkəs] (1473-1543) – a Polish astronomer; Latinized name of Mikołaj Kopernik. He proposed a model of the solar system in which the planets orbited in perfect circles around the sun, and his work ultimately led to the overthrow of the established geocentric cosmology.

4. Goethe (Johann Wolfgang von) [`gə:tə] / [`geıtə] (1749-1832) – a German poet, dramatist, and scholar. Goethe is considered by many to be the most important writer in the German language and one of the most important thinkers in Western culture as well.

5. Mendeleyev (Dmitri Ivanovich) (8 February [old style 27 January] 1834 – 2 February [old style 20 January] 1907) – a Russian chemist and inventor. He is credited as being the creator of the first version of the periodic table of elements. Using the table, he predicted the properties of elements yet to be discovered.

6. Pope [pəup] John Paul II (1920-2005) – a Polish cleric, pope 1978-2005; born Karol Jozef Wojtyla. The first non-Italian pope since 1522, he upheld the Roman Catholic Church’s traditional opposition to artificial means of contraception and abortion, homosexuality, the ordination of women, and the relaxation of the rule of celibacy for priests.

7. Bill Clinton (William Jefferson “Bill” Clinton, born William Jefferson Blythe III) (August 19, 1946) was the 42^nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He was the third-youngest president; only Theodore Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy were younger when entering office. Clinton was described as a New Democrat and was largely known for the Third Way philosophy of governance that came to epitomize his two terms as president.

6. Although it’s now owned by Heineken, Affligem Abbey brewery [`bru:əri] of Belgium retained its name, therefore keeping the not-quite 1000-year-old company in the running as one of the oldest companies ever. It was founded in 1074 by Benedictine monks and is still brewed using that original recipe, even since Heineken bought them in 2000.