VIII вариант

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания

THERAPEUTICS

1. Therapeutics is treatment and care of a patient for the purpose of both preventing and combating disease or alleviating pain or injury. The term comes from the Greek “therapeuticos” which means “inclined to serve”. In a broad sense therapeutics means serving and caring for the patient in a comprehensive manner, preventing disease as well as managing specific problems.

2. Exercise, diet, and mental factors are therefore integral to the prevention, as well as the management of disease processes. More specific measures that are employed to treat specific symptoms include the use of drugs to relieve pain or treat infection, surgery to remove diseased tissue or replace poorly functioning or nonfunctioning organs with fully operating ones, and counseling or psychotherapy to relieve emotional distress. Confidence in the physician and in the method selected enhances effectiveness.

3. Disease is a harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism. A diseased organism commonly exhibits signs or symptoms indicative of its abnormal state. Thus, the normal condition of an organism must be understood in order to recognize the hallmarks of disease. Nevertheless, a sharp demarcation between disease and health is not always apparent.

4. The study of disease is called pathology. It involves the determination of the cause (etiology) of the disease, the understanding of the mechanisms of its development (pathogenesis), the structural changes associated with the disease process (morphological changes), and the functional consequences of these changes. Correctly identifying the cause of a disease is necessary to identifying the proper course of treatment. Humans, animals, and plants are all susceptible to disease of some sort. However, that which disrupts the normal functioning of one type of organism may have no effect on the other types.

(Encyclopedia Britannica)

Задание №27 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Определите, является ли утверждение

Both animals and plants are always exposed to diseases.

ВАРИАНТЫ ОТВЕТОВ:

A истинным В ложным C нет информации

Задание №28 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Определите, является ли утверждение

It’s much easier to treat the disease when the cause of it is known.

ВАРИАНТЫ ОТВЕТОВ:

A истинным В ложным С нет информации

Задание №29 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Определите, является ли утверждение

Post – operative therapy may include such treatment as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

ВАРИАНТЫ ОТВЕТОВ:

A истинным В ложным С нет информации

Задание №30 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Определите, является ли утверждение

Medicine is the science concerned with the maintenance of health and the prevention, alleviation, or cure of disease.

ВАРИАНТЫ ОТВЕТОВ:

A истинным В ложным С нет информации

Задание №31 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

Pathology determines structural changes associated with the disease process.

Варианты ответов:

A 1 B 2

C 3 D 4

Задание №32 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

Effective treatment depends on the confidence of a patient in the physician and in the method selected.

Варианты ответов:

A 1 B 2

C 3 D 4

Задание №33 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Ответьте на вопрос:

Why is it important to understand the normal condition of an organism?

Варианты ответов:

A It is necessary for managing specific problems.

B It is necessary for recognizing the symptoms of a disease.

C It is necessary for treating specific symptoms.

D It is necessary for removing diseased tissues.

Задание №34 (выберите один вариант ответа)

Определите основную идею текста:

Варианты ответов:

A The scope of studies of therapeutics is very broad.

B The concepts “disease” and health differ fro each other.

C Diet plays an important part in prevention of diseases.

D The word “therapeutics” is of Greek origin.