Вариант 7

1. Rewrite the 1^st and the 4^th paragraphs and translate them into the written form:

Changing Patterns of American Society

1) Still another factor to consider in describing "the American" is that the face of America is constantly, and then very rapidly, changing. These changing patterns do affect, and have affected, what America is today and how Americans view the rest of the world.

2) Between 1861 and 1960, the majority of immigrants came from Europe. But during the past 25 years the largest share of immigrants has come from Latin America and Asia.

3) What is very clear is that the so-called European heritage of America is undergoing a major change as more and more people from Latin America and from Asian countries enter U.S. society. Growing number of Americans will be able to say that they, or their parents or grandparents, came from these regions. As a consequence, the American view of the world is more likely to be towards the south and west.

4) Major changes in the pattern of immigration have been caused by wars, revolutions, periods of starvation, persecutions, religious intoleration, and, in short, by any number of disasters which led people to believe that America was a better place to be in. More than a million Irish, for instance, immigrated to America between 1846 and 1851 in order to escape starvation and disease in Ireland. During the same period, large numbers of other Europeans fled political persecution. And in the 1870s another wave of refugees left the political turmoil of eastern and southern Europe to seek freedom and a future in America. The largest streams of European immigrants came between 1900 and 1920, that is, before, after, and during World War I. At other times, for example, during the Depression and during World War II, smaller numbers of immigrants came to the U.S. Since the 1960s, more and more people have fled the poverty and wars in Asia and Latin America in the hope of finding a better life in the United States.

5) All in all, the heritage of immigrants and immigration has brought enormous benefits to America. German intellectuals who fled Germany after the failed revolutions of 1830 and 1848, for example, brought with them a liberal tradition that did much to change their newly adopted land. Again, a hundred years later, America was enriched by Jewish immigrants who, seen by many as the "refuse" of the world at the time, have added their brilliance to American culture, education, and science. Many other ethnic groups have, of course, also added their con­tributions to America's well-being.

2. Fill in with look or seem:

1) The weather … quite warm though it’s only 5⁰C above zero.

2) The children … tired but they … greatly pleased with the trip, don’t they?

3) The host and the hostess … a bit old-fashioned, but they … to be hospitable and friendly.

4) She … to be very light-minded, but she only … it, in fact she is a very serious and hard-working student.

5) My brother says that people usually … what they are and I believe that people are very often quite different from what they … to be.

3. State the function of the Infinitive in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:

1. He came into the room to shut the windows.

2. I made a note of the time to give the various capsules.

3. It took me about five minutes to work out how much a suit at nine and a half guineas would cost.

4. Underline the Gerund and translate the sentences into Russian:

1. I don’t like being lied to – and that, I think, is what you are trying to do.

2. He left without having paid the bill.

3. Would you mind waiting a moment in the hall?

4. Use the appropriate form of the First Participle of the verbs in brackets:

1. The carriage was almost full, and (to put) his bag up in the rack, he took his seat.

2. (to know) that she couldn’t trust Jim, she sent Peter instead.

3. (to do) all that was required, he was the last to leave the office.

4. Fill in the blanks with can, may, should, need, must or have to in the correct form:

1. I … come at six. I’ll be free by that time.

2. I fear they … miss the train.

3. My mother was unwell, and I … go to the chemist’s.

4. You … not miss that film, it is extraordinary good.

5. You … have seen that film when it was here last week.

6. You … have mistaken him, my dear. He … not have intended to say that.

7. We … not to wait long. A bus came almost at once.

4. Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the use of the Subjunctive:

1. Это была отличная мысль. Жаль, что она не пришла в голову мне самому.

2. Во всем его поведении чувствовалась какая-то странная осторожность, как будто он втайне вынашивал некий план.

3. Даже если бы вы только подумали, что я могу быть вам полезен, я и то был бы очень рад, я был бы просто счастлив, получить разрешение остаться.

4. Insert prepositions or adverbs where necessary:

1) The dress is just wonderful. It is very becoming … you.

2) I haven’t seen you … ages. How are you getting …?

3) Turn … the page and do Exercise 3.

4) The students … group 3 will help to decorate the hall … flowers and mottoes.