Вариант 33

1. Rewrite the text and translate it into the written form:

Economics

1) Economics has been described as study of scarcity and choice. Scarcity exists because human wants are virtu­ally unlimited. Whereas the resources necessary to sat­isfy those wants are limited. The resources, or factors of production as they are called, are: land, labour, ca­pital and entrepreneurship. Owners of these resources are paid rent, wages, interest, or profits for their use.

2) Since there is a limit to the amount of resources avail­able at any point in time, there is also a limit to the amount of goods and services that can be produced. For that reason individuals, business firms, and governments must pick and choose from among the things that they would like to have in order to get the most from their resources.

3) In exercising the choice imposed upon them by their unlimited wants and limited resources, every society must come to grips with the fundamental economic ques­tions. These are:

• What goods and services are to be produced?

• How are they to be produced?

• Who will receive them?

4) The way in which a society goes about answering these fundamental questions is known as its economic system. Economic systems may be classified as traditional, com­mand, or market system. As the names suggest, resources are allocated (i. e., the fundamental questions are an­swered) in a traditional economy in accordance with tra­dition and in a command economy by government plan­ners. Resources in a market economy are allocated in accordance with the laws of supply and demand.

2. Underline the Predicate, determine the tense and translate the sentences:

7. Mr. Johnson checks the want adds each morning.

8. Frank, our accountant, will have evaluated our tax information before our appointment.

9. The board of directors is holding a special meeting.

3. Find non-finite forms, underline and determine them. Translate the sentences.

7. On receiving the answer of the firm we handed all the documents to our legal adviser.

8. The goods are unlikely to arrive at the end of the week.

9. The students who were translating an economical article on the examination were allowed to use a dictionary.

4. Translate the sentences paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents:

1) I am to meet our sales rep in the head office at 17.30.

2) Would you please count the change?

3) The nation’s largest banks may be stronger than the study suggests.

5. Supply the Subjunctive Mood of the verbs in brackets:

1. If I (to be) you I (to have) a long walk in the park.

2. I must be off now. If it (not to be) so late, I (to stay) a little longer.

3. My uncle (to be) able to help us if he (to be) here.

6. Rewrite the sentences using passive constructions:

1) The firms paid farmers little for their produce.

2) Productive machines have replaced many of blue-collar workers.

3) The publisher Terry Hornett bought the magazine.

7. Insert the necessary prepositions: about, with, at, for, to, of, on.

13. Have you heard … what had happened … him? Oh, I don’t care … him.

14. She never apologizes … arriving late.

15. You can rely … him to be polite.

16. We called the doctor because Nick was complaining … a pain in his stomach.

17. I could never be bored … football.

18. He was shocked … the hatred they had shown.