- •8.1 Lead-in
- •8.2 Language input
- •8.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own:
- •8.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •8.3 Background information Sociology of Work. Labour Market
- •8.4 Comprehension
- •8.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •8.4.2. Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). With a partner, discuss why.
- •8.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
- •8.5 Practice
- •8.5.1 Read the extract and fill in the prepositions or particles wherever necessary. Discuss the text. Give the text the appropriate heading.
- •8.5.2 Complete the text by using the following words and word combinations from the box and fill in the grid. Discuss the text.
- •8.5.3 Read the text, ignoring the missing parts.
- •8.5.4 Look at the missing parts a-g and fit them in the gaps. There is one extra you don't need.
- •8.5.5 Match the terms on the left with their definitions on the right.
- •8.5.6 S can the above texts and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •8.5.7 Do it in English:
- •8.5.8 Use the plan and helpful phrases given in Appendix 1 to profile Sociology of Work. Labour Market. Surf the Internet, find extra information and base your presentation on it.
- •8.5.9 Comment on the presentation given by your colleague. Make use of the points and helpful phrases given in Appendix 2.
- •8.6 Dialogue
- •8.6.1. Read and translate the following dialogue: Recruitment Process
- •Employment in Britain
- •8.7 Role play Unemployment in Russia
- •8.8 Grammar back up practice with reported speech
- •1. What reporting verbs do we use in reported speech?
- •2. How does a verb change in reported statements?
- •Verbs in the present change into the past:
- •Verbs already in the past, change into the past perfect or they do not change:
- •Verbs already in the past perfect, do not change.
- •3. Do we always change tenses in reported speech when we use a past reporting verb?
- •4. Do pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, etc. Change in reported speech?
- •5. How do we report questions?
- •6. What is the way to report orders, requests, warnings, advice and invitation?
- •7. What changes do if- and time clauses undergo in reported commands and questions?
- •In this exercise someone says something to you, which is the opposite of what they said before. You have to answer I thought you said ...
- •Appendix 1
- •Appendix 2
8.4.3 Write a paragraph on:
a) how sociology defines the main features of the market of labour;
b) the measures which governments undertake to deal with unemployment.
8.5 Practice
Skills focus
8.5.1 Read the extract and fill in the prepositions or particles wherever necessary. Discuss the text. Give the text the appropriate heading.
_________________________________________
Work, like the biblical poor, has always been … us. But its social organisation and technological content have varied widely … time, space, and industrial sector. Employment or paid work, … contrast, is inherently a social construction, whose boundaries … relation … other types of activity … household labour, leisure, retirement or unemployment are institutionally and culturally defined. … most developed countries employment is also a social and legal status, which carries … it distinctive rights and obligations ( at least … certain sections of the workforce) , such as protection … arbitrary dismissal, subordination … managerial authority, procedures … collective representation, and entitlements to benefits like paid vocations, pensions and health care. Both the boundaries … employment and the status associated … it are thus historically contingent constructs which differ significantly … one country to another, and are currently being renegotiated, … response to variety … pressures from globalization and technological innovation … the expansion of the service sector, demographic trends and changing household/family structures.
8.5.2 Complete the text by using the following words and word combinations from the box and fill in the grid. Discuss the text.
A |
deskilling and routinisation |
G |
contribution |
B |
blue collar |
H |
to reward workers |
C |
exploitative and alienating |
I |
a critical analysis |
D |
direct engagement |
J |
to be coerced |
E |
white collar |
K |
embodiment |
F |
Marxist perspective |
L |
production costs |
One branch of industrial sociology is Labor Process Theory. In 1974, Harry Braverman wrote Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century, which provided …1… of scientific management. This book analyzed capitalist productive relations from a …2… . Following Marx , Braverman argued that work within capitalist organisations was …3… , and therefore workers had …4… into servitude. For Braverman the pursuit of capitalist interests over time ultimately leads to …5… of the worker. The Tailorist work design is the ultimate …6… of this theory. Braverman demonstrated several mechanisms of control in both the factory …7… and clerical …8… labor force. His key contribution is his “deskilling” thesis. Braverman argued that capitalist owners and managers were incessantly driven to deskill the labor force to lower …9… and ensure higher productivity. Deskilled labor is cheap and above all easy to control due to the workers lack of …10… in the production process. In turn work becomes intellectually or emotionally unfulfilling; the lack of capitalist reliance on human skill reduces the need of employers …11… in anything but a minimal economic way. Braverman’s …12… to the sociology of work and industry has been important and his theories of labor process continue to inform teaching and research.
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|