- •Immediate Constituents Grammar, Descriptive Linguistics and Transformational Grammar were created by…
- •In European tradition the beginning of linguistics as a purposeful and systematic study of language is ascribed to …
- •In the epoch of Renaissance linguists began to study …
- •I ne seye no meant in earlier times .
- •In linguistics, syntax syn-, "together", and táxis, "arrangement" from
- •100 Bc, Greek gramma meant
- •In the 17th century the term “linguist” meant …
- •In January 1889, the name of the Association (fta)(the association to encourage the use of phonetic notation) was changed to…
- •In January 1889, the name of the Association (fta)(the association to encourage the use of phonetic notation) was changed to…
- •@@@ Phonetics as a branch of Linguistics
- •Vocal cords and glottis constitute:
- •Variants of phonemes are: a)Speech sounds b)Letters c)Allophones
- •Intonational Phonetic Association was founded in… and began publications of a special phonetic magazine….
- •Variants of phonemes are: a)Speech sounds b)Letters c)Allophones
- •Intonational Phonetic Association was founded in… and began publications of a special phonetic magazine….
- •@@@ Problems of phonostylistics
- •In what sphere is declamatory style used?
- •It is …. Whose accent became the Received Pronunciation of Britain.
- •In what style is the speed of utterance related to the degree of formality? The formal speech is usually slow, less formal situations entail acceleration of speed.
- •Vocalic [3:], consonantal [m] or mixed [3:m]. Are …
- •If the voice moves down by slides within stressed syllables the head is called... .
- •@@@ Contemporary Linguistics
- •What are the main two parts of theoretical grammar?
- •Ime of the action
- •Which of the following class of pronouns is the most disputable one:
- •What is the categorical meaning of a verb ?
- •I wanted to be free him and happy. What function does the phrase perform in the sentence:
- •What is a syntactic bond?
Ime of the action
E). It may the gender of the person
$$$ 43A
Which of the following class of pronouns is the most disputable one:
A). Relative B). Personal
C). Reflexive
D). Defininghe gender of the person. Demonstrative
E). Defining
$$$ 44D
Which of the following class of pronouns possesses the category of gender.
A). Interrogative
B). Reciprocal
C). Defining
D). Possessive
E). Indefinite
$$$ 45A
Which of the following pronouns do not possess the category of case:
A). Possessive
B). Interrogative
C). Reciprocal
D). Indefinite
E). Personal
$$$ 46C
Which of the following pronouns is in the function of the attribute in a sentence?
A). I think that appeals to me
B). Who do you mean?
C). We approved neither plan.
D). He just loved me
E). They loved each other
$$$ 47A
Morphologically the numerals are:
A). Invariable, no grammatical categories
B). Variable, there are some grammatical categories
C). Some are variable and some are not
D). They have the category of order
E). There are some meanings of numerals
$$$ 48B
Which of the following are typical suffixes of numerals:
A). - ness, -less
B). -th, -ty, teen
C). -teen, -seen
D). - ty, -er, -est
E). – er. –est, -ity
$$$ 49B
Ordinal numerals indicate:
A). word order
B). Order
C). Number
D). Figures
E). Fractions
$$$ 50B
Both cardinal and ordinal numerals can have certain functions of:
A). Nouns and adverbs
B). Nouns and adjectives
C). Adjectives and verbs
D). Nouns and verbs
E) Adverbial modifier
$$$ 51B
Which of the following is an adverb:
A). They took a fast train.
B). They rode fast,
C). This is the fastest train
D). There was a fast runner.
E). As fast as a Quicksilver
$$$ 52C
Which of the following is the definition of the verb:
A). The verb is a part of speech which has a categorial meaning of "substance" or “thingness"
B). The verb is a part of speech which expresses the dependencies and interdependences of substantive referents
C). The verb is a part of speech which categorial meaning is that of process
D). The verb is a part of speech which is that of indication
E). The verb is a part of speech whose categorical meaning is deixis
$$$ 53B
The verb is distinct:
A). Semantically and morphologically
B). Semantically, morphologically and syntactically
C). Semantically only
D). Only morphologically
E) Only syntactically
$$$ 54B
The verb stem may be:
A). Simple and compound
B). Simple, derived, compound and composite
C). Simple and derived
D). No morphological forms
E). extended, structural
$$$ 55C
According to its structure the verb "give up" is:
A). Simple
B). Compound
C). Composite
D). Derived
E). Double
$$$ 56D
According to their meaning the verbs can be:
A). Dynamic and stative
B). Transitive and intransitive
C). Notional and structural
D) Terminative and durative
E) Auxilary and seminotional
$$$ 57A
According to their relation to the continuous form verbs can be:
A). Dynamic and stative
B). Transitive and intransitive
C). Notional and structural.
D). Terminative and durative
E). Functional and notional
$$$ 58B
According to the type of the object they take verbs can be:
A). Dynamic and stative
B). Transitive and intransitive
C). Notional and structural
D). Terminative and durative
E). Causative and consecutive
$$$ 59C
"Time"is:
A). a form of a discontinuous morpheme
B). a form of existence of matter (a thing)
C). a tense form
D). a combination of "past-present”
E). a form of the word
$$$ 60A
According to professors Smirnitsky and llyish:
A). The future tense "shall/will + inf.” is an analytical form
B) 9A form of the wordof mai
ch whose categorial . The future tense "shall/will + inf." is not an analytical form
C). The future tense is a separate category like tense, Voice, Person and so on
D). The future tense does not exist at all
E).The future tense is an opposition
$$$ 61A
Can the combination "shall/will + inf." be treated as an analytical form of the future tense?:
A). No, because this combination as a whole has a modal meaning - that of certainty
B). 10 future tense is an opposition
. Yes, because this form can be singled out both grammatically and semantically
C). Yes, because this combination contains a discontinuous morpheme
D). No, because this combination is a form of subjunctive mood
E). No, because this combination is a derivative form of infinitive
$$$ 62D
Which of the following is not a critical point of existence of the future tense:
A). The combination "shall/will f Inf." As a whole has a modal meaning - that of
certainty
B). The future tense can be expressed by means of the Present simple, the Present continuous and other forms, not only by the form " shall/will 4- inf”
C). There is Future-in-the-Past. If Tense is a system of opossums, one of the opposition (Future) cannot be included into both of others
D). It doesn't mean that the future action cannot be expressed in English
E). It has its general meaning
$$$ 63A
Who of the following scholars interpret Aspect as a category of semantics:
A). M. Deutchbein, A.G .Kennedy, G. Curme
B). H, Sweet, O Jespersen. L .LJofik
C). B.A. llyish, A.I. Smirnitsky
D). M. Y. Blokh
E). R.A. Quirk
$$$ 64 A
How can Aspect be expressed in English?
A). By lexical means (terminative and non-terminative verbs) and grammatical means (Continuous and non-continuous forms)
B). By lexical means only
C). By grammatical means only
D). By means of opposition "Aspect and tense"
E) as retrospective
$$$ 65D
Why are Aspect and Tense recognized as two distinct grammatical categories?
A). Because Aspect expresses actions simultaneous with some other actions or situations, as well as Tense
B). Because the tense of the verb shows die time of Use action while the aspect of the verb deals with true development of the action, their grammatical forms are the
same
C). Because The forms "wrote - were writing" are opposed as tense forms
D). Because these categories have different grammatical meanings and are marked
by different grammatical forms
E). They are alike
$$$ 66A
Who of the following scholars consider the category of perfect, a peculiar tense category?
A). O Jespersen
B). B.A.llyish, A.I. Smirnitsky
C). M. Y. Blokh
D). G. Vorontsova
E). J. Nesfield
$$$ 67C
Which of the following is an example of Middle voice:
A). l will shave and wash myself
B). Unfortunately, Mell and Christopher divorce each other
C). The new paper-backs are selling excellently
D). You are mistaken
E). It was night. The sea smooth as glass.
$$$ 68D
Why can the reflexive voice be distinguished as the third voice in Voice system?
A). Because in cases like “He washed himself it is not the verb that is reflexive but the noun "himself
B). Because the words "washed' and "himself are words belonging to different lexemes
C). Because the cases like "Me washed himself express the actions which are not
passed from the subject to any outer object
D). Because a number of verbs express "reflexive" meaning without corresponding
Pronouns
E).Because the action is directed to the object
$$$ 69 A
What does the category of mood express?
A). The character of connection between the process denoted by the verb and the actual reality
B). The direction of the process as regards the participants of the situation reflected in the syntactic construction
C). It reflects the inherent mode of the realization of the process irrespective of its timing
D). It indicates the time of the action
E) It indicates the number of the doers of the action
$$$ 70 D
Why is the problem of the category of mood still open for discussion?
A). Because the Imperative mood cannot express the time of an action
B). Because the so-called three mood system is not a good solution of the problem
C). Because there are constructions of concession and comparison, expressions of urgency
D). Because without a sentence it is difficult to recognize a grammatical form of the mood
E) Because it characterizes the relation between the process and the reality
$$$ 71 A
Why according to L.S. Barkhudarov, the Imperative mood isn't considered to be a mood form:
A). Because it can be regarded as an elliptical sentence
B). Because it isn't expressed by the form 'should + lnf”
C). Because it expresses the aspect of an action
D). Because it expresses the gender of an action
E) Because it expresses request
$$$ 72A
