Intonational Phonetic Association was founded in… and began publications of a special phonetic magazine….

A)1852, La Maitre Phonetique

B) 1829, Historical development of languages

C) 1877, English pronouncing dictionary

D)1886, La Maitre Phonetique

E) 1989, Phonetic symbols

$$$ 74C English, Italian, Russian and Spanish are languages where stress is

A)conditioned by the structure of the penultimate syllable

B) placed always on a given syllable

C) lexical: it comes as part of the word and must be memorized

D) placed on different syllables but in a predictable way

E) always on the penult: one syllable before the last

$$$ 75B What branch of phonetics studies the functional aspect of speech sounds?

A)Physiological phonetics

B)Phonology

C)Acoustic phonetics

D)General phonetics _

E)Comparative phonetics

$$$ 76A

…are said to have a regular stress rule.

A) Finnish, Hungarian and Polish

B) English, Italian, Russian

C)Classical Arabic and Latin, English

D)Spanish and Portuguese

E)German and French

$$$ 77C

In the following languages homophonous words may differ only by the position of the stress: A) Finnish Hungarian and Polish

B)Classical Arabic and Latin, English

C) B) English, Italian, Russian

D)Spanish and Portuguese, Finnish

E)German and French

$$$ 78C

In the following languages it is possible to use stress as a grammatical device.

A) Finnish Hungarian and Polish

B)Classical Arabic and Latin, English

C) B) English, Italian, Russian

D)Spanish and Portuguese, Finnish

E)German and French

$$$ 79D

English is a stress-timed language.

A)it has no unstressed vowel reduction.

B)This language has no reduced vowels

C) where syllables are spoken at a roughly constant rate regardless of stress

D) where stressed syllables appear at a roughly constant rate, and non-stressed syllables are shortened to accommodate this.

E) it has all syllables stressed

$$$ 80E

It is common for dialects to differ in their stress placement for some words. For example, in British English, the word "laboratory" is pronounced

A) with primary stress on the first syllable, while American English stresses on the second.

B) with primary stress on the last syllable, while American English stresses the third.

C) with secondary stress on the second syllable, while American English put it on the first.

D) with primary stress on the first syllable, while American English stresses the third .

E) with primary stress on the second syllable, while American English stresses the first.

$$$ 81A

Who defined the phoneme as a physical image of a sound? A)l.A.Boudouin de Courtenay

B)Prof.Plotkin

C)Prof.Bloomfield

D)Prof.Trubeskoy

E)Prof.Jacobson

$$$ 82C