II. Pick out compounds from the article, comment on their structure and meaning.

III. Complete the sentences with suitable prepositions.

1. Have you had the results ____ your blood test yet?

2. If you’re having difficulty ____ that exercise put your hand up.

3. There’s been a dramatic rise ____ the crime rate.

4. If you have any have any problems ____ the car, phone me.

5. I’d appreciate your comments ____ my work.

6. I still can’t see the advantage ____ going by car.

7. They’ve had lots of experience _____ that field.

8. There isn’t a lot of difference ____ those two cheeses.

9. There’s no hope _____ the country if it continues like this.

10) She is a constant surprise _____ me!

IV. Complete the sentences, using the verbs in brackets in the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect.

1. They say interest rates (already rise) to 10% by the end of July.

2. Give her a ring. She (get) back home by now.

3. Someone (wait) for you there when you arrive.

4. Bye. We (think) of you!

5. I (leave) at 7.00 exactly, so get in touch before then.

6. If we don’t hurry, the film (finish) before we get there!

V. Rewrite the following sentences in the Passive Voice.

1. I prepare dinner.

2. She brought me these textbooks.

3. People will remember this event.

4. The doctor is examining the patient.

5. Somebody has cleaned the flat.

6. Sam will have written the essay by 10.

7. When did they found the university?

8. Children enjoy such games.

9. They were building a bridge when I came up to them.

10) He can easily solve the problem.

VI. Write a story about your town/ city, using the adjectives from the box.

picturesque historic elegant crowded quaint lively magnificent shabby packed spacious bustling deserted (at night)

UNIT 7

I. Read the article and answer the questions.

Scotland: the view today

Scotland, one of the four nations of the United Kingdom, is renowned for its his­tory of human achievement and its majestic scenery. Modern Scotland is a diverse and stimulating society with a Parliament reflect­ing a mature and stable democracy. It has a successful economy based on worldwide trade. Education is one of Scotland's great­est talents and the arts are flourishing. Scots have been prominent in almost every field of activity, from philosophy and literature to engineering and medicine, and many other countries have benefited from Scottish expertise.

To many people around the world, Scotland is known for its clans, kilts, castles and the poetry and songs of Robert Burns. Scots themselves are likely to define their national identity not only by reference to their traditional symbols but also in terms of the modern country in which they live and work.

Scots take pride in their country's values and quality of life as well as their thriving, progressive culture which embraces old and new: a world of cutting-edge industries; vibrant, welcoming and multicultural cities; and cosmopolitan social scene.

Scotland's industrial revolution in the eighteenth century was driven by trade. Scotland remains a trading nation, but the composition of its trade has changed significantly over the years as the heavy industries - coal, steel and shipbuilding - have been overtaken by newer industries, characterized by invention and innovation.

Scotland is now home to a thriving communications technology industry. More than 150 companies, employing more than 15,000 people, are working in virtually all aspects of this sector, and the country is home to around 200 call centers.

The electronics industry, meanwhile, has been a major player in Scotland's economy for the past 50 years. It employs more than 40,000 people directly; and roughly the same number work for suppliers to the industry.

Equally impressive in its growth rate currently standing at 30 per cent a year has been the Biotechnology industry, which employs around 25,000 people in its 400-plus organizations. It is an industry that follows in the footsteps of Scots such as Lister, Simpson and Fleming, who were responsible for breakthroughs in antiseptics, anesthetics and penicillin respectively. The world's first cloned sheep, Dolly, was the result of pioneering work into nuclear transfer at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh. This breakthrough has been successfully followed up by pig cloning using the same method and a potential development of proteins for anticancer treatment through the coning of chickens. World-leading medical research is also being carried out in such areas as the causes of Alzheimer's disease.

Scotland has a long track record in the financial industry - indeed it was a Scotsman, William Paterson, who founded the Bank of England in 1694. One of the fastest growing sectors over the past ten years, financial services are now worth more than £17 billion to Scottish economy each year. Scotland is the sixth-largest investment management centre and one of the top ten banking centers in Europe.

Scotland's environment provides the re­sources for much of the country's economic activity: tourism (which injects around £2.5 billion into the Scottish economy annually), fishing, forestry and agriculture are key industries. The food and drink industries create many well-known products such as Scotch whisky and salmon.

North Sea oil and gas continue to make a major contribution to the Scottish economy - in 2000, their total income was almost £27 billion. With four oil terminals, three gas terminals and two refineries in Scotland, the industry, which has been the source of major scientific and engineering developments as well as revenue, has established the UK as a major producer of crude oil for more than 25 years.

Times change but fundamental qualities have been sustained. Always outward-looking in its trading and business dealings, Scotland has maintained a reputation for honesty, innovation and fairness. The business world can call on a highly educated and skilled workforce to develop and deliver goods and services of a world-class quality.

1. What is Scotland known for to many people around the world?

2. What can Scots be proud of?

3. What “old” industries continue to develop in the country?

4. What “newer” industries are thriving in Scotland?

5. Why is Scotland considered to be one of the top ten banking centers in Europe?

6. What does environment provide resources for?