16. Gerund: review

 

16.1. Determine the type of the verbal and its syntactic function:

 

1. 1.    Lying there in the sun gave me a quiet satisfaction.

2. 2.    How do you think I can write these letters with the children jumping about all the time.

3. 3.    He felt embarrassed at being the center of attention.

4. 4.    I was looking forward to seeing her again.

5. 5.    Can you smell something burning?

6. 6.    A falling branch startled the boy.

7. 7.    There’s no hope of curing him.

8. 8.    After watching the ceremony, we went to the local pub for a couple of beers.

9. 9.    When buying a hat, you should also consider the price.

10. 10. Being intelligent as well as unscrupulous, he is very dangerous.

11. 11. Considering his age, he has done very well.

12. 12. Thus passed a month, each day making life more and more unbearable.

13. 13. All he cared about was getting the job done.

14. 14. They came hurrying into the garden.

15. 15. I intend going into politics.

16. 16. Your words do not sound encouraging.

17. 17. She went out by the door leading to the lounge.

18. 18. Speaking in public was always rather difficult for him.

19. 19. It was very nice having you to tea last Wednesday.

20. 20. Are you in the habit of smoking?

 

16.2. Translate into English using gerunds.

 

1. 1.    У меня нет надежды увидеть его скоро.

2. 2.    Идея провести каникулы в деревне принадлежит моему брату.

3. 3.    Доктор велел ей избегать сидеть на солнце.

4. 4.    Я поблагодарил его за то, что он купил мне такие интересные книги.

5. 5.    Он не в состоянии перевести такой трудный текст.

6. 6.    Нет смысла делать эту работу сейчас.

7. 7.    Она была сердита на него за то, что он потерял ее словарь.

8. 8.    Я не могу пойти туда, не предупредив родителей.

9. 9.    Я не выношу его привычку курить перед завтраком.

10. 10. Я с нетерпением жду, когда вы приедете в Россию.

11. 11. Я слышал о том, что он назначен главным управляющим.

12. 12. Я не возражаю, чтобы они приехали сюда.

13. 13. Я был разочарован тем, что они отказались помочь мне.

14. 14. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы мне предоставили объяснения в письменной форме.

15. 15. Мало надежды, что он закончит эту работу к 7 часам.

16. 16. Он возражает против того, чтобы собрание назначили на понедельник.

17. 17. Кто отвечает за то, чтобы работу выполнили вовремя?

18. 18. Он не отрицал того, что их компания постоянно занижала свои доходы.

19. 19. Можешь представить, как я явлюсь к ней после всего, что было?

20. 20. Ее очень раздражало то, что ее начальник каждое утро спрашивал о ее самочувствии.

 

Exercise 16.3. Recast the following sentences so as to use predicative constructions with the gerund instead of subordinate clauses and infinitives. Add prepositions if necessary.

 

1. 1.    "He's a dear little man," said she. "I'd no idea you knew him."

2. 2.    After he left his friends at the Institute he bought copies of the early editions of the post.

3. 3.    Aminer insisted that I should stay at his home.

4. 4.    As we drove away he suggested that we should return by train.

5. 5.    Do you mind if I take your dictionary.

6. 6.    Do you think father would mind if we go to the park now?

7. 7.    He barely skimmed through his next letter before he handed it over to Raymond.

8. 8.    He went on and did not pay any attention to her interruption.

9. 9.    I am still a little afraid to be late.

10. 10. I was annoyed because they shouted so loud.

11. 11. Julia mentioned that they should go down.

12. 12. Laura remembered she had left that umbrella standing in the corner.

13. 13. Linda was surprised. She had no idea that he was good at mathematics.

14. 14. Philip was tired because he talked too much.

15. 15. She bowed her head but she did not speak.

16. 16. She insisted we should put off our conference.

17. 17. She remembered that Charles had once said to her that the origin of poetry was emotion.

18. 18. She suggested that Philip should pass himself off as her brother.

19. 19. Tom understood that he had seen Jane before but he did not recognize her.

20. 20. When he entered the room, he addressed Alee Warner without preliminaries.

 

Exercise 16.4. Use the required form of the gerund and insert prepositions where necessary.

 

1. 1.    "I don't see the use ... (to read) the same thing over and over again," said Philip.

2. 2.    "I'm not very good ... (to guess)," I said, with a laugh.

3. 3.    "That child needs ... (to take) care of," said Eliza.

4. 4.    And then a minute or two afterwards someone else entered the room and expressed his surprise ... (to find) Griffiths there.

5. 5.    Ann was such a friendly, pretty child, few people could resist ... (to talk) to her.

6. 6.    But I can't tell you how grateful I am to you ... (to listen) to me. I had to talk about it and it was so kind of you to listen.

7. 7.    Dad would not dream ... (to say) such a thing to anyone.

8. 8.    Did he suspect her ... (to see) him enter the room?

9. 9.    He felt that life was worth ... (to take) care of.

10. 10. He was looking forward ... (to take) the tickets.

11. 11. His heart sank at the thought ... (to go) out into the bleak darkness.

12. 12. His mother would not like the idea ... (to eat) fruit unwashed.

13. 13. I had not asked for advice, I was quite capable ... (to advise) myself.

14. 14. It would be better to wait for him on the terrace where she was fond ... (to sit) toward evening and (to enjoy) the view of which she was never tired.

15. 15. Jane, your nose wants ... (to blow).

16. 16. Miss Brodie was greatly taken aback and suffered greatly from a sense ... (to betray).

17. 17. She began to have frightful pains all over her, and she held her breath to prevent herself ... (to cry) out and (to wake) her mother.

18. 18. She had the local habit ... (to place) the word "eh" at the end of her remarks, questions and answers alike.

19. 19. She was on the point ... (to obtain) permission to go for walks alone.

20. 20. Thank you ... (to give) me this book.

21. 21. That's no reason... (to give up).

22. 22. The baby was round and very red, with dark curly hair. "Fancy her ... (to have) hair. I thought they were born bald," said Raymond.

23. 23. The night seemed very long. He shivered. He was ashamed ... (to sleep) on the Embankment.

24. 24. This was Daphne's only chance ... (to tell) them of her college life.

 

16.5. Put infinitives in the necessary form, add prepositions.

 

In tonight's edition of Reflections we resume (to discuss) the problems of long-term-prisoners. We risked (to take) our cameras into several prisons, and our first interview is with a man we’ll call "Harry", although that is not his real name.

He ventured (to speak) to Chloe West about his career in crime.

 

Chloe: Harry, you're serving a five year sentence _____ robbery with violence.

Harry: That's right.

Chloe: Perhaps you could begin _____ telling us about your early life.

Harry: Yeah... Well, I grew up in South London. I was _____ my own a lot; see, my mother used (to work) down the fish market, and my dad - well, he couldn’t stand (to be) so poor and ran off when I was just a nipper.

Chloe: Did you try (to have) any friends?

Harry: Oh, yeah. All the kids from our street used (to meet up) at the coffee bar. There was one at the end of the road. We didn't have much money, so we used to (hang round) there all day. We were never much used (to go) to the cinema, or (to dance), or anything like that. We couldn't afford (to do) it.

Chloe: What did you use (to do) there?

Harry: Oh, now I just remember (to sit) around and (to listen) to the juke box. Nothing special.

Chloe: When did you start (to get) into trouble?

Harry: I suppose I was fourteen, something like that. My friends were _____ the habit _____ going shop-lifting at Woollies ...Woolworth's, and one day we were caught _____ the act. I ended up _____ Borstal Prison.

Chloe: You mean, they recommended (to send) you to Borstal _____ a charge _____ shop-lifting?!!

Harry: Well, yeah. After the fourth time ... and I had to admit (to beat up) several old ladies.

Chloe: You practiced (to beat up) old ladies?

Harry: Well, only when I was trying (to rob) them.

Chloe: Do you now regret (to beat them up) and (to rob them)?

Harry: Yeah... Kinda...

Chloe: Perhaps you'd agree (to tell) me about your life in prison.

Harry: I suppose the worst thing is (to be) shut up all the time. Yeah, and I can't endure (to get) up at 5.30, either. I just can't get used (to do) that, even though I've been here more than three years. You see, before I came here I liked (to stay) in bed all morning. I could afford (to do) it. I was on night work, you see.

Chloe: Night work?

Harry: Mmm. Burglary, mostly. Hah-ha. I caught you there. I can't get used (to go) to bed at eight, either.

Chloe: Harry, if you don't mind (I, to say) so, a lot of viewers can’t resist (to think) _____ you as an enemy of society.

Harry: Well, that's fair enough. But I've acknowledged (to do) a lot of things. I've spent a lot of time thinking. Of course, I could keep on (to steal) things, but then I won’t avoid (to spend) half my life behind bars. I'm serious _____ going straight this time, don't you worry.

Chloe: What do you intend (to do) when you get out?

Harry: I take much interest _____ working on motor-bikes. I consider (to study) it more seriously, and I plan (to qualify) as a mechanic.

Chloe: Do you think you wont’ have trouble (to get) a job?

Harry: That's a bit of a problem. People are scared _____ employing someone with a record like mine, you know, _____ fear they won’t give up (to steal).

Chloe: How do you hope (to overcome) that?

Harry: I'm planning _____ working for my brother. He tried (to do) many things in his life, but now he's got a motor-bike shop.

Chloe: So, you determined (to work) for your brother?

Harry: That's right. I tell you, I won't be back. I'm not going to risk (to waste) another five years. I simply can’t imagine (to be) in prison again.

Chloe: Well, I wish you luck, Harry.

Harry: Thanks.

 

 

Part II. SYNTAX