Teaching translation

1. Don't read your translation from a sheet of paper! You must keep it in your head!

You translate word for word! *

That can't be translated word for word.

Do the literary translation!

Are you sure of your translation?

2. That translation is not correct. That's not the word for it.*

There is no translation for that word!

Doesn't your ear tell you whether the sentence is right or wrong?

3. Who can give a different translation? Who can suggest one's version? Think of a better translation!

4. Do the translation of this text.

Try to understand the words by context! Guess the meaning of words by context! Read without translating!

5. This text translates easily.

That text translates with difficulty. How many mistakes has she done in her transla­tion?

6. This is a good translation of the text (sentence). You know how to translate.

You are good at translating.

Teaching grammar

1. The parts of speech are: the noun a desk; the verb to do; the adjective long; the pronoun we, my, those, etc.; the adverb very; the preposition for, over; the conjunction and, that; the interjection oh!

2. Say, what parts of speech the words on the blackboan are?

3. Make (up) a question on / to the subject.

I want you to make (up) seven questions on the text Make (up) two questions on each sentence. Finish up / complete the following sentence .... Write out three sentences illustrating the use of Pre­sent Continuous.

4. Write answers to the following question ... . Answer the following questions ...

Mind, there is half of the answer in each question, The answer is in the question.

You must try to understand the rules of making ani answering questions!

5. Give full (short) answers to the questions! Give a negative answer!

Answer in the negative! Give an affirmative answer! Answer in the affirmative!

6. Look at this sentence! Find the predicate! What tense is it?

Turn / change the predicate into the Future Indefinite.

7. How is the Present Indefinite formed?

Give an example of the use of the Past Indefinite. What tense do we use to express the action in the past?

Explain the rule for the formation of Present Conti­nuous.

What tense do you think we should use here?

8. What's the Infinitive of the verb speak} Is that a regular or irregular verb?

What's the Past Indefinite of the verb to speak"? What's the negative (interrogative, interrogative-ne­gative) of he speaks}

What's the Present Continuous of she writes}

9. Conjugate the verb to have in the Past Indefinite.

10. What's the plural (singular) of ... ? Give the plural of ... .

Write it in singular and plural!

Write it with an indefinite (definite) article!

Look up the following words in the dictionary and turn / change them into plural!

11. What's the comparative (superlative) of long}

What's the positive of biggest}

Give the comparative and superlative of small. 12. Name some cardinal (ordinal) numbers!

Give the ordinal number of fivel

Give the cardinal number of seventh] 1,1 What verb corresponds in meaning to the noun

worker}

What noun corresponds in meaning to the verb to speak}

Make up nouns from the following verbs with the help of the suffix -er\

14, Write / use this verb in the first person singular (plural).

Tell me in what person that verb is used. Write the ending s to the verb read\

15. Correct the sentence giving your reasons! * Give reasons for your answer! * Grammar is your weak point!

Your grammar is poor! Hi. Practise yourself in the use of the articles! Replace the article by a possessive pronoun. Who knows why there is a definite article before the words The Black Sea}

17. Let's analyse the text by sentences! Let's take this sentence as an example!

18. Today we shall have new grammar material.

I am going to give you grammar explanations in your mother tongue.

What rule in grammar are we studying now? Here are some more examples! Notice the following examples!

19. Where do you think the adverb never should be put?

20. What is gerund?

21. Turn the direct speech into indirect speech. / Change from direct into indirect speech.

It should be done in a different way!

Mind the sequence of tenses!

You make many grammar mistakes!

22. (Are there) any more (other) questions? Don't bombard me with questionsl

Ask me in turn!

23. What stops / punctuation marks do you know? The principal stops are:

the full stop (.); the comma (,); the colon (:); the semicolon (;); the question mark / the interrogation mark (?); the mark of exclamation (!); the dash (—); the hyphen (-); the apostrophe ('); the brackets (); the inverted commas / the quotation-marks / the quotes ("____").

24. We put a full stop, question mark and mark of excla­mation at the end of the sentence.

The comma, the semicolon, the colon and the dash are used to divide the sentence.

The hyphen is used to join the two parts of compound words, in compound numerals and so on (day-book), (twenty-five).

The apostrophe is used to form the possessive case (Jane's sister).

Direct speech is given in inverted commas.

25. There is a full stop (comma) missing. Write this word with a hyphen!

26. Mind the following sentences expressing solida­rity:

a) affirmative:

I like that picture. And so do I!

I saw her last week. And so did I!

We shall go to Kiev next year. And so shall we!

I should like to see that film. And so should I!

I've just finished to read! And so have I!

I can read quickly. And so can I!

She had a good time there. And so did we!

b) negative:

I haven't seen the film yet. Neither have I!

I can't read fast. Neither can I!

I'm not going to the South. Neither am I!

I see nothing there. Neither do I!

I never sleep till 7! Neither do I!