Injure - раніць, шкодзіць

operate on - аперыраваць

prescribe - прапісваць

prescription - рэцэпт

treat - лячыць

treatment - лячэнне

fit - здаровы

ill - хворы

fall ill with - захварэць

sick - млосны (Br. English), хворы (Am. English)

feel sick - хіліць на ваніты

Vomit - ванітаваць

healthy - здаровы

unhealthy - нездаровы

painful - балючы

feel unwell - адчуваць сябе кепска

feel well - адчуваць сябе добра

Dialogues

AT THE DRUG STORE

A: Could you fill this prescription?

B: Just a minute. I've to check if we have this in stock. Sorry. Today you can get only 37 capsules. Is that okay with you?

A: All right. When will you have the rest?

B: We owe you 23 capsules. Can you drop in the day after tomorrow?

A: Of course. I'll come the day after tomorrow if I can get the other capsules.

B: That's for sure.

A: Should I pay now or later?

B: Now will be fine. Have a seat, please. Your medication will be ready in five minutes. I'll give you a receipt. I'll indicate there that we owe you 23 capsules.

AT THE DENTIST'S OFFICE

Secretary: Good morning, can I help you?

Patient: Yes, my name is Anne Pearl. I have an appointment for ten o'clock.

S: Have a seat, please. The doctor will see you soon.

P: Thank you.

S: Dr.Smith, this is Ms.Pearl.

Dentist: Hello, Ms.Pearl. Please come with me. Sit down.

(Ms.Pearl sitting down in the dentist's chair) What's the problem?

P: I have a toothache on the left upper side.

D: How long have you had it?

P: For about three days. I have a feeling that it is loose. I'm afraid it is about to drop out.

D: Let me take a look at it. Open your mouth wide, please. I'll take an X-ray.

P: Good.

D: There's a rather deep cavity on the right side of the tooth.

P: Will you have to pull the tooth?

D: No. I hope to save your tooth. I'll give you an injection of Novocaine.

P: Okay.

D: Now I can drill the tooth. You don't feel any pain, do you?

P: No, I don't.

D: I'd suggest that besides the usual filling we put a crown on your tooth. That can save it. I'll put a temporary crown there today. The permanent crown will be ready in about 10 days. Then you'll come back. Is it all right with you?

P: If you think it's the only way to save the tooth, then go ahead. I realize a crown is rather expensive. But what's to be done?

D: Okay. You can eat in two hours. Call my secretary for an appointment next week.

P: Thank you, doctor.

AT THE DOCTOR’S OFFICE

Secretary: Good morning. Can I help you?

Vladimir Rozov: Good morning. My name is Rozov. I have an 11 o'clock appointment.

S: Please, take a seat. The doctor will see you soon.

V.R.: Thank you.

Doctor: Hello, Mr.Rozov. Come in, please. Sorry to have kept you waiting.

V.R.: That's all right. Did you get all the test results?

D: Yes, I got them last night. As to the tests, everything is okay. Your cardiogram is normal too.

V.R.: But what about the X-ray? Is anything wrong?

D: The X-ray shows emphysema. That's evidently the result of your heavy smoking. Your breath

shortness and your cough are probably caused by the emphysema.

V.R.: Is that serious?

D: It could become extremely serious. If you are worried about your health cut out your smoking.

V.R.: Certainly, I'll try to stop smoking. What else could you advise me to do for improving my health?

D: You should do daily exercises. Eat small meals four or five times a day.

V.R.: Do I have to go to the hospital?

D: No. I'll give you a prescription. Take the pills three times a day. I want you to see me again in three weeks. Stay well.

V.R.: Thank you, doctor.

DISCUSSING NUTRITION PROBLEMS

Simon: I've been living in this country for more than seven years, but I don't yet understand why there is so much talk about nutrition as a growing science.

Tom (his American friend): Americans want to be healthy. But most of us have no understanding of nutrition problems.

Simon: Whenever I see my family doctor, he advises me to stick to a low cholesterol diet.

Tom: And do you follow his advice?

Simon: It's hard to stick to a diet with my busy schedule.

Tom: For your health, it is very important to get a balanced diet.

Simon: What is a balanced diet?

Tom: Adults can get a balanced diet by including foods from the four main food groups. These are: the milk group (milk, cheese, yogurt and other dairy foods); the meat group (meat, poultry, fish, eggs and meat alternates such as beans, lentils, and nuts); the bread group (bread, cereals, noodles etc.); and the vegetable and fruit group.

Simon: Can people who don't eat meat or fish stay healthy?

Tom: Absolutely. By eating enough dairy foods and meat alternates, people can get essential proteins.

Simon: What about the nutritional value of canned vegetables that we buy at the supermarket?

Tom: The nutritional difference depends more on how vegetables are prepared than on whether they are bought fresh or canned.

Simon: I wonder how knowledgeable you are. You could become a professional dietitian.

Tom: It's just my hobby to read about food and health.

Simon: I was told to avoid such foods as bread or potatoes. What's your view?

Tom: By avoiding bread and potatoes you cut out several B vitamins, vitamin C and other nutrients.

Simon: Are extra vitamin dosages useful?

Tom: You shouldn't take more vitamins than the body needs.

Simon: Thank you for your valuable information.

FEELING UNWELL

VICKI: Hey, Matt, are you feeling ok? I don’t think you’re looking too well today. Are

you okay?

MATT: Am I okay? No, not really. I’ve got a temperature, a headache, a sore throat….I

think I’m going down with something.

VICKI: Oh dear…I’d say you’re going down with the flu!

VICKI: So poor Matt is not very well.

MATT: Yes, I think I’m going down with the flu. But I’ve got to fight it off Vicki!

We’ve got a programme to do.

VICKI: What a professional, trying not to let yourself get ill, trying to fight it off.

MATT: I’ve got to fight it off, Vicki! We’ve got a programme to do.

The show must go on!

VICKI: I’ve got some pain killers in my bag somewhere…Here…

MATT: Oh. Thanks, that should bring my temperature down.

VICKI: Yes, hopefully it’ll reduce your temperature.

VICKI: And here’s some water.

MATT: Thanks. Cold water will cool me down too.

VICKI: Yes, if you’re feeling hot and unwell, drinking water will stop you being so

hot.

MATT: (drinks) Argh. That hurts my throat!

VICKI: Hmm you’re a difficult patient! Why don’t you go and have a bit of a lie

down?

MUSIC

VICKI: So, Matt, how are you feeling now?

MATT: Oh…I’m feeling much better thanks! I think I’m getting over it all.

VICKI: Well that’s a relief.

How to Keep Fit

People nowadays are more health-conscious than they used to be. They understand that good health is above wealth.

To be healthy we should avoid different bad habits that can affect our health. In my opinion, smoking and drinking too much alcohol, are the worst ones. It's common knowledge that smoking and drinking can shorten our lives dramatically. Smoking, for example, causes a number of heart and lung diseases, such as pneumonia, emphysema and cancer. Besides, it makes your teeth yellow and skin unhealthy. Fortunately, in recent years smoking has received a lot of bad publicity, and fewer people smoke nowadays. Some companies don't employ people who are smokers. Smoking has been banned in most public places because everyone agrees it does harm to our health. I don't smoke, because I don't want to have unhealthy skin and teeth and die young.

Smoking and drinking are joined by less dangerous habits, such as skipping meals, eating unhealthy food, or even overeating. Of course, they are not quite as deadly as smoking or drinking alcohol, but they also affect our health.

If we eat too much, we'll become obese, and obesity leads to serious health problems. A lot of people like drinking coca cola and coffee, and enjoy pizzas and hamburgers. But what is tasty is not always healthy. Fast food makes you fat, that's why Americans are the fattest people in the world.

In recent years eating habits have undergone a change. People are encouraged to eat less fat and more fibre. Fat is believed to be one of the major causes of obesity and heart disease. High fibre and low fat foods can now be found in all shops and supermarkets. Salads, beans, and fruit have taken the place of steak and ice cream. The fashion for health food is growing all the time.

Many people feel they are too fat, even if their doctors disagree. And a lot of people try to improve their fitness. There are a lot of ways to lose weight and avoid gaining it. Perhaps the most popular of them is following a diet. If you want to lose weight, you should cut out snacks and desserts, and cut down on fat. People have also become more aware of calories, the energy value of food. Some people count the number of calories they eat every day; so that they can try to take in fewer calories and lose weight. This is called a calorie-controlled diet. Manufacturers are increasingly producing special foods with fewer calories for slimmers.

But excessive dieting may be dangerous, too. Some people refuse to eat meat as they consider it harmful. They say a vegetarian diet reduces the risk of cancer and vegetarians live longer than others. I can't agree with them, because meat is an excellent source of good nutrition. In my opinion, it's wrong to put down a food simply because excessive amounts can cause health problems. Consumed in moderate amounts, meat is perfectly good for our health.

To my mind, the only way to stay healthy and to keep fit is by going in for sports. Among the benefits of regular exercise are a healthier heart, stronger bones, quicker reaction times and more resistance to various illnesses. Besides, you can eat and drink as much as you want because you are burning it all off.

To be healthy, it is also very important to spend a lot of time in the open air. It is useful to go for a walk before going to bed, or to air the room.

I think it is very important to be fit and healthy, and it is necessary to take care of your health. Being fat, in fact, can cause real problems. It is harder for fat people to get a good job, or even to make friends. If you want to do well, you must be thin. That's why I go in for sports on a regular basis. I have been doing aerobics for three years and I feel great. I am not enthusiastic about strict dieting, but I try to eat only low-fat food, and fruit and vegetables which are rich in vitamins.

Personally I believe that regularity in life promotes our health. Sleeping eight or nine hours, getting up early, regular meals, a healthy diet and going in for sports is really a good way to live.

Yoga is best for back pain sufferers

New research from America suggests that yoga could help millions of people who have back problems. In an article published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, researchers found that yoga was a better treatment for back pain than standard therapy. A study in Washington State saw 101 adults follow a choice of 12-week treatments. They chose between a course in yoga, standard therapeutic exercise or following instructions in a self-help book. The results showed yoga reduced pain more quickly and had longer lasting benefits. Dr. Karen Sherman said this was because of “mind and body effects”.

The article states that most treatments for backaches do not provide much pain relief and that exercise is one of the best therapies. However, the researchers say the effects of exercise are often small. They suggest that yoga, which combines physical exercise with breathing, “may benefit patients with back pain simply because it involves exercise or because of its effects on mental focus”. They conducted their study because they found no published articles in western medical books that evaluated yoga for chronic low back pain. Millions of people worldwide practice yoga every day.

1. YOGA OPINIONS: Ask your partner(s) if they agree with these opinions:

Yoga will become a very common treatment in hospitals around the world.

Yoga classes should be taught to children in schools.

Yoga is only for vegetarians and peace campaigners.

We have a lot to learn about yoga and other ancient therapies.

Yoga looks really boring.

I don’t want to waste 30 minutes of my day in the lotus position.

I’ll wait for more proof from scientists that yoga works.

All the people I know who do yoga are very relaxed and happy.

2. TRUE / FALSE: Look at the article’s headline and guess whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F):

a.	Yoga is millions of years old.	T / F
b.	A study says yoga is better for back pain than standard therapy.	T / F
c.	Adults chose between yoga and a self-help book in a back-pain study.	T / F
d.	A doctor said “mind and body effects” help bring pain relief.	T / F
e.	Exercise is amazingly effective in providing pain relief.	T / F
f.	Yoga combines physical exercise with breathing.	T / F
g.	Western medical books are full of articles about yoga and back pain.	T / F
h.	Billions of people do yoga every day.	T / F

3. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article:

a.	suggests	regular
b.	found	do
c.	standard	how-to
d.	self-help	says
e.	reduced	carried out
f.	states	indicates
g.	provide	severe
h.	conducted	give
i.	chronic	lessened
j.	practice	discovered

4. PHRASE MATCH: Match the following phrases from the article (sometimes more than one combination is possible):

a.	research from America suggests that	and had longer lasting benefits
b.	yoga was a better treatment for	of 12-week treatments
c.	follow a choice	of exercise are often small
d.	following instructions	do not provide much pain relief
e.	yoga reduced pain more quickly	physical exercise with breathing
f.	most treatments for backaches	yoga could help millions of people
g.	exercise is one	practice yoga every day
h.	researchers say the effects	in a self-help book
i.	yoga, which combines	back pain than standard therapy
j.	Millions of people worldwide	of the best therapies