1. What if he is given the custody of the child?

2. It’s his stepsister, if I’m not mistaken.

3. We’ll never see each other again unless I go to Australia.

4. Considering that he received no help the results are very good.

5. Mother will believe me providing I tell her what she wants to here.

6. In the event of his resignation we’ll have some difficulty finding such an efficient specialist.

7. Are you pressed for time today? If not, I suggest we have lunch before the departure.

8. It’s perfectly harmless. I wouldn’t have done it otherwise.

9. Given that we have no evidence, we can’t consider him guilty.

10. You’ll see Mr. Carter only if you have an appointment with him.

CAUSE, EFFECT

Ex. 1

1. There were many casualties, particularly among 6 Commando, due to heavy shell­ing from the German guns.

2. France’s existing army personnel of 285,000 would be cut by 50,000-70,000 men in “five or six years”; the reduction was partly due to the withdrawal of some 48,000 French troops from Germany.

3. There are occasions when, due to reasons beyond our control, flights are delayed.

4. Once, owing to a printer's understandable failure to decipher my proof corrections, a book of mine appeared with a recipe which called for the whisked whites of 123 eggs... no reader has ever written to me demanding an explanation of this recipe.

5. Owing to its price, it is unlikely that real Italian Parmesan is sprinkled generously over your food in Italian restaurants.

6. Guardsman Evans was unable to jump as the pilot decided to land owing to the approaching darkness

7. Increasing deafness among young people may be due to their exposure to rock music, say scientists.

8. Some language teachers find classical music useful in their lessons, owing to its relaxing effect.

9. If you come from a city, you may find it hard to sleep in the country owing to/due to the silence.

10. Many quarrels between neighbours are due to noisy parties.

Ex.4

1. The government’s economic policy has been disastrous: hence a drastic decline in its popularity.

2. Due to the disastrous economic policy government’s popularity has de­clined drastically.

3. The government’s disastrous economic policy has led to a drastic decline in its popularity.

4. The drastic decline in the government’s popularity is the result of its dis­astrous economic policy.

5. The government’s economic policy has been disastrous. Thus, its popu­larity has declined drastically.

6. The government’s popularity has declined drastically as a result of its dis­astrous economic policy.

1. The consequence of the government’s disastrous economic policy is the decline in its popularity.

8. The government’s popularity has declined drastically because of its disas­trous economic policy.

PURPOSE

Ex.1

1. He tied a knot in his handkerchief so that this would remind him to meet the train.

2. He killed the men who helped him to bury the treasure so that nobody but himself would know where it was.

3. He left his rifle outside so as not to frighten his wife.

4. We had no cups but he gave us coconut shells in order that we could drink out of them.

5. He rushed into the burning house to save the child.

6. He read only for short periods each day in order not to strain his eyes.

7. The farmer put a scarecrow up in the field (so as/in order) to frighten the birds.

8. The boys are collecting sticks (so as/in order) to put them on the fire.

9. He changed his address constantly (so as/in order) to elude the police.

10. They evacuated everybody from the danger zone (so as/in order) to reduce the risk.

11. He sent his children to his sister’s house to watch the television programme.

12. The town council has forbidden coal fires (so as/in order) to keep the air clean.

13. He invented a wife and six children (so as/in order) to avoid paying income tax.

14. He didn’t tell her he was going up in the spacecraft so as not to alarm her.

15. Put the cork back in case someone knocks the bottle over.

16. The airfield authorities have put arc lights over the damaged runway so that repair work will continue day and night.

17. You ought to take some serum with you in case you get bitten by a snake.

18. We keep a spade in this house for fear that there is a heavy fall of snow in the night.

19. We put bars on the lower windows so that noone could climb in.

20. You should carry a jack in your car in case you have a puncture.

21. She tied a bell round her cat’s neck so that the birds would know when he was approaching.

22. I have put wire over my chimney pots in order that birds couldn’t build nests in them.

23. The burglar cut the telephone wires so that I couldn’t call the police.

24. The manufacturers have made the taps of their new gas cooker very stiff in order that young children won’t be able to turn them on.

25. Never let children play with matches for fear that they may set themselves on fire.

26. The debate on education has been postponed (so as/in order) to discuss the latest crisis.

27. The policeman stopped the traffic every few minutes so that the pedestrians could cross the road.

28. Barbara jammed on the brakes for fear that she would run over the cat.

29. The police have barricaded the main streets to prevent the demonstrators from marching through the town.

30. To avoid boring you any longer with the exercise it’s the last sentence.

WINTER TERM MOCK GRAMMAR TEST (3^rd year)