Temperature measurements
Mercury-in-glass thermometers. Mercury-in-glass thermometers, comparatively simple in construction, inexpensive in cost and reliable in performance, are without doubt the most widely used instruments for the measurement of temperature. Many types are made to suit particular conditions and to provide the highest possible performance in special industrial uses. There are also high precision types and types for checking purposes.
Mercury-in-steel thermometers for temperatures from -40°C to +650'C (from -40°F to +1200°F).
The mercury-in-steel thermometer is produced in two types, the rigid stem type and the distance type.
Rigid Stem Type. In this type the indicator is mounted direct on the bulb stem. There are a number of different forms and with various lenghts of stem for a wide variety of industrial applications.
Answer the following questions:
1. What are mercury-in-glass thermometers?
2. What are the most widely used instruments for the measurement of temperature?
3. What are the types of this thermometer?
4. What range of temperature do mercury-in-steel thermometers measure?
Text 10
Read and translate the text with a dictionary, analyze the words and define the tense forms.
Pressure measurements
The various types of pressure gauges cover pressures up to 10000 p.s.i.; also vacuum, differential and absolute pressures. For low pressure ranges from 0—2’’ w.g. up to 0—10 p.s.i. a balanced, non-corrodible metal diaphragm movement is used, and these instruments are specially recommended for precise indication of low pressures or draught in boiler plant. For pressures from 0-10 p.s.i. a phosphor bronze (or tempered steel Bourdon tube is employed. The dial type can be of 4’’. 6’’ or 9’’ diameter and the edgewise type has a 9’’ or 6’’ curved scale. A servo-operated positioning mechanism is available to operate indicating, recording and/or controlling instruments on ranges down to 0 — 0.2" w.g.
Differential pressure gauges are available in the 9" diameter type and the 10" edgewise type.
Answer the questions:
What pressures do various types of pressure gauges cover?
What pressures can be measured?
What is for low pressures used?
Text 11
Read and translate the text with a dictionary, analyze the words and define the tense forms.
Electronic desk calculator
The electronic desk calculator is fully designed on integrated circuits. It provides a check of all numbers entered before and after calculations automatic clearance in all operations; decimal point is selectable in any position. All numerical and function keys are rationally distributed on the keyboard with a logic evidence, easy to use in any operation. Thanks to its 2 memories permit the solution of quite complex calculations in the administrative and commercial field. At the same time the EDC enables to resolve a wide range of technical calculations.
Specifications
Capacity: 12 digits in all registers. Overflow warning light.
Imput of Figures: Reduced keyboard with electronic lock.
Decimal System: Floating-fixed decimal point. Ten positions automatic selection. This system allows maximum utilization of the capacity of the machine.
Operational Registers: The three operational registers enable the data fed in to be subsequently verified.
Answer the questions:
How is the electronic desk calculator designed?
How many memories does it contain?
What is its capacity?