1. Read the text again and fill in the table:

company	Wedgwood
year of foundation			1815
name of the founder		Karel Bacik
types of products		crystal tableware

Text 23

What is TETRA PAK famous for? Read the text and check your knowkedge.

Tetra pak

Founded 1951 Lund, Sweden

Dr. Ruben Rausing (1895-1983), the visionary founder of Tetra Pak, studied at the Stockholm School of Economics and later at Columbia University, New York. While in America, he was exposed for the first time to "self-service" stores and was convinced that the concept would eventually be adopted in European countries, which would in turn increase the demand for pre-packaged foodstuffs. On his return to Sweden, he founded, with Erik Wallenberg, the first Scandinavian specialist packaging company, based on Rausing's belief that "A package should save more than it costs". In 1943 the company began researching and developing a form of milk packaging which would require the minimum amount of material while providing the maximum hygiene. These early studies ascertained that the optimum shape for a milk carton was a tetrahedron. The following year saw the invention of new techniques for coating paper with plastics and for sealing packages. In 1951 Rausing and Wallenberg established AB Tetra Рак and the same year launched their new packaging system based on the tetrahedron-shaped carton. A year later, the Lundaortens Mejerifsrening dairy in Lund became the first to use a Tetra Раk machine to package cream into 100ml cartons. In 1953 the company began using polyethylene as a coating for its paperboard. In 1954 the first Tetra Раk machine was exported to Germany and the half-litre packaging machine was introduced. The commercial packaging of milk in 300ml cartons subsequently began the following year. The company eventually opened a much larger manufacturing plant in Lund and commenced the development of an aseptic packaging system (launched in 1961). By 1959 the factory was producing one billion cartons per annum and began working on a new brick-shaped design, the Tetra Brik (introduced in 1963). Over the next few years, the business expanded its production operations to Mexico, the United States, Lebanon and Italy. During the 1970s, the company exported its packaging machinery all over the world, including to the USSR, Japan, China, Australia and Iran. By the beginning of the 1980s, over 30 billion packages were being sold per annum for the storage of milk, cream, fruit juice and wine. Today, Tetra Раk remains the undisputed world leader in the field of packaging, selling over 200 million products a day in some 150 countries. Its simple yet ingenious designs have revolutionized food retailing and hygiene.

Unit 3 Designers at work

Look at the pictures below and say what these people are:

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