1. Choose the correct substitute for each modal verb.

1. We ought to win the race. → We win the race.

2. I can swim. → I swim.

3. You must meet my best friend. → You meet my best friend.

4. He should be in bed by now. → He be in bed by now.

5. I must get up early. → I get up early.

6. They may stay up late. → They stay up late.

7. She needs to see the doctor. → She see the doctor.

8. We need not walk. → We walk.

9. You must not sleep → You sleep.

10. Should I go to the cinema with them? → go to the cinema with them?

2. Use modal verbs where possible. If a modal verb can't be used with a certain tense, use its substitute.

1. You (must) get up early tomorrow.

2. You (not / need) call a baby sitter.

3. We (may) watch the film tonight.

4. He (not / can) see me yesterday.

5. She (must) stay at school yesterday afternoon.

6. (may / you) go to the disco yesterday?

7. He (not / must) sleep now.

8. You (not / need) answer.

9. He (ought to) give evidence at the court yesterday.

10. Since he bought the new car he (not / can) sleep.

must not - prohibition (it is not allowed) - need not - option (it is not necessary)

The players must not touch the ball with their hands or arms. = They are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms.

3. Practise the use of 'must not' and 'need not' in the following exercise. Which is correct?

1. The teams have more than 11 players on the field during a match.

2. But there even be 11 players playing for each team.

3. Players wear anything which might injure another player.

4. Players play the ball with their feet only.

5. Substituted players return to the game.

6. Players leave the game without the referee's permission.

7. Players hold an opponent.

8. The referee send a player off if he has committed foul play.

9. However, if a player is sent off during the game, he be replaced.

10. A period be over after exactly 45 minutes.

GERUND

1. Translate into Ukrainian

1. I understand perfectly your wishing to start the work at once. 2. Everybody will discuss the event, there is no preventing it. 3. At last he broke the silence by inviting everybody to walk into the dining room. 4. On being told the news, she turned pale. 5. The place is worth visiting. 6. Watching football matches may be exciting enough, but of course it is more exciting playing football. 7. She stopped coming to see us, and I wondered what had happened to her. 8. Can you remember having seen the man before? 9. She was terrified of having to speak to anybody, and even more, of being spoken to. 10. He was on the point of leaving the club, as the porter stopped him. 11. After being corrected by the teacher, the students' papers were returned to them. 12. I wondered at my mother's having allowed the journey.

2. Translate into Ukrainian

1. Не keeps insisting on my going to the south. 2. Oh please do stop laughing at him. 3. Do you mind my asking you a difficult question? 4. Would you mind coming again in a day or two? 5.1 don't mind wearing this dress. 6. She could not help smiling. 7.1 cannot put off doing this translation. 8. Though David was tired, he went on walking in the direction of Dover. 9.1 avoided speaking to them about that matter. 10. She burst out crying. 11. They burst out laughing. 12. She denied having been at home that evening. 13. He enjoyed talking of the pleasures of travelling. 14. Excuse my leaving you at such a moment. 15. Please forgive my interfering. 16. He gave up smoking a few years ago. 17. They went on talking. 18. Her husband used to smoke, but he stopped smoking two years ago. But it was too late. 19. Have you finished washing the dishes yet? 20. Don't be nervous! Stop biting your nails! 21. He postponed going to New York as he felt ill.