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Ferrous metals

1. Complete the following words from the text:

a m_tal, an all_y, a c_mp_ent, a f_rm, a c_nstr_c_on, a m_le, a n_two_t, a w_rld, an ind_stry, a m_ch_ne, a st mship, a l_co_ot_e, an a __ra_pl_ne, a br_dge, a p_od_ct.

  1. Write down all the nouns from the text in plural.

  2. Make the following sentences negative and put into the interrogative:

  • All metals are divided into ferrous and non-ferrous metals.

  • Ferrous metals are metals and alloy the main component of which is iron.

  • Ferrous metals are of great importance in various constructions.

  • Non-ferrous are metals and alloys the main component of which is iron.

  • Copper, aluminium and some other metals are referred to as non-ferrous metals.

4. Write down all irregular verbs and their three forms.

Get talking

1. Imagine you are a future skilled engineer. Say some words about "Methods for constructing walk for buildings". Your talk should last a minute. You should use the spidergram.

Lesson 46-47

NON-FERROUS METALS

Grammar: Conditional sentence Type II

1. Write all the following nouns in plural.

Zinc, copper, flame, iron, corrosion, radiation, ladder, brass, refrigerator, aircraft, furniture, piston, tin, conductor, vehicle, aluminium, magnesium, carbonate, chloride, water, glass.

3. Complete the table (pay attention to degrees of comparison):

the best

high

>

header

cheaper

the commonest

the oldest

great

dark

soft

strong

  1. Write the numerals from the text in letters.

  2. Make the following sentences negative and put into the interrogative:

  • Aluminum is the oldest and best known light metal alloyed with other metals.

  • It is one of the commonest metals in industry.

  • Copper is found in nature in the form of ores but it is sometimes found in pure

  • Pure copper is of reddish colour, and it has corrosion resistant qualities.

  • Copper is the best conductor of electricity.

  • Tin is a silvery metal which is not corroded by air.

  • Bronze is very tough.

  • Brass is header and cheaper than copper.

  • Lead and Zink are also metals which occur in combination with sulfur as sulphides.

  • Lead is now a very expensive metal.

6. Find all the sentences from the text in the Passive Voice. Copy them in your exercise-books.

  1. Find all the sentences from the text with Present Perfect. Copy them in your exercise-books.

  2. Write all the complex sentences from the text and translate them.

9. Condition: type II (see grammar reference). Open the brackets, translate the sentences. Make up your own 5 sentences.

1) I (to write) the composition long ago if you had not disturbed me. 2) If he were not such an outstanding actor, he (not to have) so many admirers. 3) If she (not to be) so absent-minded, she would be a much better student. 4) If you were not so careless about your health, you (to consult) the doctor. 5) Your mother (not to scold) you if you had not got a "two".

10. Analyse the following sentences and tell what meaning the have (real, unreal actions in the present and past)

А)

1. If you find the exact meaning of this word, you will understand the sentence.

2. If he works hard at his English he will pass his exam well.

3. If I get a good dictionary, I shall translate this text.

4. If you go to a library, you will find there ail the books you need.

5. If we receive the documents tomorrow, we shall start loading the lorries on Monday.

6. If the student observes the rules, he will not make mistakes.

7. If you help me, I shall repair the engine in an hour.

8. If they receive all the necessary equipment, they will be able to carry out their experiment.

9. If we drive at such a speed all the time, we shall arrive at the village before night.

10. If they change some details, they will be able to improve our plan. B)

  1. If you traveled by plane, you'd come in time for the conference.

  2. If 1 took a taxi I would catch the last tram.

  3. If the builders hadn't worked overtime, the canal wouldn't have been opened in time.

  4. If the satellite's speed were less than required, it would drop and enter the atmosphere.

  5. If the students had been more careful, they wouldn't have broken the new apparatus.

  6. If the driver had been more careful, the accident would not have happened.

  7. If I were you, I wouldn't worry about it.

  8. If you knew the design of the motor, you would be able to operate it properly.

Get talking

  1. Make up a plan to the text.

  2. Work in pairs. A future engineer should know about non-ferrous metals. Discuss:

А) aluminum;

  1. copper;

  2. tin;

  3. zinc;

  4. Bronze.

Your talks should include between 30—50 words.

Lesson 48