- •Teamwork and leadership in an intercultural context, management of multicultural teams: an analysis of interaction in postgraduate projects
- •Introduction
- •Literature review
- •Ltw group work analysis
- •Discussion
- •Conclusion and limitations
- •References
- •Loginova, e. (2012). When will women rule the world? [my translation: Екатерина Логиновa. Когда женщины будут править миром?]. Retrieved 5.03.2013 from www.Finmarket.Ru;
- •Von Glinow, m. A., Shapiro, d. L., & Brett, j. M. (2004). Can we talk, and should we? Managing emotional conflict in multicultural teams. Academy of Management Review, 29(4), 578-592.
- •Appendix 3. Comparative analyses of ib and ltw teamwork
Loginova, e. (2012). When will women rule the world? [my translation: Екатерина Логиновa. Когда женщины будут править миром?]. Retrieved 5.03.2013 from www.Finmarket.Ru;
Miller, D. M., Fields, R., Kumar, A., & Ortiz, R. (2000). Leadership and organizational vision in managing a multiethnic and multicultural project team. Journal of Management in Engineering, 16(6), 18-22;
Ralston, D., Holt, D., Terpstra, H. & Kai-Cheng, Y. (2008). The impact of national culture and economic ideology on managerial work values: a study of the United States, Russia, Japan, and China. Journal of International Business Studies. 39. pp. 8–26;
Saville-Troike, M. (2003). The ethnography of communication: an introduction. 3d ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing;
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass;
Schnurr, S (2009). Leadership, humour and workplace culture. In Leadership discourse at work: Interactions of humour, gender and workplace culture. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 79-103;
Steers, R.M., Sanchez-Runde, C.J., Nardon, L. (2011). Management Across Cultures: Challenges and Strategies. New York: Cambridge University Press;
Stivers, T., Enfield, N., Brown, P., Englert, C., Hayashi, M., Heinemann, T., Hoymann, G., Rossano, F., Ruiter, J., Yoon, K. & Levinson, S. (2009). Universals and cultural variation in turn-taking in conversation. Retrieved 5.03.2013 from www.pnas.org;
Thomas, D. C. (2008). Cross-cultural management: Essential concepts. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications;
Thompson, L. L. (2000). Making the team: A guide for managers (p. 15). London: Prentice Hall;
Tietze, S. (2008). International management and language. Oxon: Routledge;
Tozer, J. (1997). Leading initiatives: Leadership, teamwork and the bottom line. Butterworth-Heinemann;
Von Glinow, m. A., Shapiro, d. L., & Brett, j. M. (2004). Can we talk, and should we? Managing emotional conflict in multicultural teams. Academy of Management Review, 29(4), 578-592.
Appendix 1. Strengths and weaknesses of monocultural and multicultural teams
Monocultural teams |
Multicultural teams |
||
Strengths |
Weaknesses |
Strengths |
Weaknesses |
Homogeneity |
Diversity |
||
Comparably high level of trust |
Heavy-handed knowledge |
Integrated knowledge and skills |
Mistrust (biased with stereotypes) |
Less communication problems |
Groupthink |
Creativity |
Miscommunication (differences in language fluency and communication styles) |
More productive in terms of decision-making |
Smaller number of ideas |
More alternatives and decisions |
Problematic decision-making |
Similar attitude towards: |
|
Gender issues |
|
Gender issues |
- discrimination |
Brings together ideas of anyone regardless gender |
Lead to gender-based conflicts in a team |
Power distance |
- lack of involvement in decision-making process (depending on a country) |
Power distance and discipline |
|
Discipline |
- slight behavioural differences caused by personal peculiarities |
Equal for all team-members |
Reason for conflicts in case of contradiction with personal cultural values |
Time |
Might follow corporate culture |
Monochromic/polychromic cultures |
|
Space |
Differences in personal distance, motivation, politeness and humour |
||
Motivation |
|||
Politeness |
|||
Humour |
|||
Sources: Adler & Gundersen, 2008; Hofstede, 2005; Holmes, 2006, 2012; Schnurr, 2009; Steers et al., 2011; Thomas, 2008; Thompson, 2000; Tietze, 2008.
Appendix 2. Components of communication (Saville-Troika, 2003)
Component |
Communicative event |
Genre |
Conversation: informal chat. |
Topic |
MSc ICBP program and students’ presentation |
Purpose |
Conversation between 5 friends designed to work on a joint project. |
Setting |
PG hub, the University of Warwick, lunch time, Jan., 2013 |
Key |
Friendly and jocular. |
Participants |
P1 - Russian (female, mid-20’s), P2 - Canadian (female, mid- 20’s), P3 - Thai (female, early 20’s), P4 - Chinese (female, early-20’s), P4 - Chinese (female, early-20’s). |
Message form |
English |
Message content |
All participants discuss the project |
Act sequence |
|
Rules of interaction |
Universal communication norms amongst all participants. |
Norms of interpretation |
All participants study together and feel comfortable to contribute to the discussion. |