Vocabulary

branded goods n товары с торговой маркой производителя

CIB abbreviation for Chartered Institute of Bankers Институт банковского дела (в Великобритании)

churn out v производить быстро и в большом количестве

claim n 1 претензия; заявление права; иск; рекламация; 2 заявление

copycat n копировщик; имитатор; контрафактор

copyright n авторское право, издательское право

counterfeit n 1 подделка; 2 контрафакция (чужое произведение, использованное вопреки воле автора); 3 фальшивые деньги; v подделывать; заниматься контрафакцией; незаконно копировать; adj контрафактный; поддельный; counterfeiter n подделыватель; контрафактор; фальшивомонетчик; counterfeiting n 1 подделка; 2 контрафакция; commercial counterfeiting n коммерческая контрафакция (напр. неправомерное использование товарного знака)

currency n деньги; валюта

defraud v обманывать; мошенничать

digitization n цифрование

diverse adj разнообразный

download v скачать (с компьютера)

enforce v 1 обеспечивать соблюдение; 2 осуществлять соблюдение (права, закона); enforcement n применение (права, закона); enforceable adj обеспеченный правовой санкцией; имеющий исковую силу

fake n подделка; копия; v подделывать; копировать

forge v подделывать документ

frustrate v расстраивать; срывать (планы)

full-scale adj крупномасштабный

genuine goods n подлинный товар

hand over v передавать

infringement n нарушение (прав, закона, норм); контрафакция

intellectual property n интеллектуальная собственность

legitimate business n законный бизнес

mould n 1 форма; 2 шаблон; 3 матрица

overrun v превышать обусловленный тираж

patent n патент

peril n риск; at one’s peril на свой собственный риск

perpetrator n преступник; нарушитель

piracy n 1 пиратство; 2 нарушение авторского права; плагиат;

контрафакция

production line n ассортимент изделий

production master n оригинал продукции

profitability n доходность; рентабельность

protection n защита

shoddy adj 1 дрянной; 2 поддельный

reckon v считать; полагать

software n программное обеспечение; программы

sweatshop n амер. мастерская, в которой рабочие получают крайне низкую зарплату и работают в тяжелых условиях

track v продвигать

trademark n товарный знак

vulnerable adj уязвимый, беззащитный

Reading tasks

A Read the text again and answer the following questions.

1 What do patents protect?

2 Why does the music industry lose millions?

3 What does a counterfeit mean?

4 Who is called “a copycat”?

5 What is a trademark?

6 Why does counterfeiting increase in recent years?

7 What role has technology played in the expansion of counterfeiting?

8 What kind of goods are being copied?

9 How do counterfeiters often obtain their production masters?

10 What is one of the most frustrating problems for brand owners?

11 How does the internet help counterfeiters?

12 What are the distribution networks for counterfeit products?

13 Have you ever bought anything through the internet?

14 Have you ever bought a fake?

15 Is counterfeiting a crime or a legitimate business?

16 What effects does counterfeiting have on legal businesses?

17 How do companies defend their brands?

B Below is a list of copyright infringements. In pairs, rank them according to which ones you consider to be the most dishonest.

• buying a fake Rolex watch

• photocopying pages from a published book

• lending a book you enjoyed to a friend to read

• downloading music from an internet file-sharing system

• making a digital copy of a CD or DVD

• showing a video to a group of people for money

C 1 Two people talk about counterfeiting. What examples of copyright infringement do they mention?

One

You have to admit counterfeiting benefits consumers, particularly in developing countries, by giving them access to lower-price goods, such as medicines, that they might not otherwise be able to afford. Anyway, some brands are just so overpriced I think it's great to get almost the same quality for much less than those ridiculously high prices they charge.

Two

I think the costs of counterfeiting far outweigh the benefits. Think of the enormous cost to companies who make clothing, toys, software and pharmaceuticals and the unemployment caused by it. I mean 17,120 jobs were lost in the European Union in just one year due to competition from cheaper counterfeits. The branded industries need to invest huge amounts in research and development, marketing and advertising, which counterfeiters don't, of course. That's why branded goods are more expensive.

2 Answer the questions.

According to the first speaker:

1. How does counterfeiting benefit consumers?

2. Why would she buy copies of brands?

According to the second speaker:

1. Which industries are affected by the problem in the European Union?

2. What are the most serious consequences of counterfeiting?

3. How are high prices of branded goods justified?

3 Which of the speakers are you most likely to agree with? Why?