- •Unit 8 grammar: The Past Continuous Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Open the brackets, put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Continuous Tense. Translate the sentences:
- •New worlds: micro and macro
- •4. Match the names from the column a with the words and word combinations from the column b. Then make up sentences:
- •5. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Revision exercises
- •6. Translate the sentences, paying special attention to the usage of tenses. Ask questions to the words in bold. Put the infinitives given in brackets into the correct form:
- •7. Read and translate the following passages:
- •8. Are the following statements true or false?
- •9. Fill in the gaps with the verbs from the box in the correct tense. Some verbs are used several times:
- •10. Read and translate. Explain the origin of tides to your classmates:
- •11. Translate the sentences into English:
- •12. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •13. Translate the following derivative words:
- •14. Form the words using suffixes -ance / -ence, -ness, -dom, -al:
- •15. Define to what parts of speech the following words belong:
- •16. Translate the following words with prefixes into Russian:
- •17. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •18. Read and match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences. Translate the sentences:
- •Active Vocabulary
- •19. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •Working on the text
- •20. Read and translate the text “Electricity – Magic of Science”. Then entitle each paragraph of the text: electricity – magic of science
- •21. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •22. Read the text again and say whether these statements are true or false:
- •23. Chose among the words in brackets the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •24. Complete the sentences according to the text.
- •25. Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions to the text using words and word combinations below:
- •26. Retell the text ‘Electricity – Magic of Science’.
New worlds: micro and macro
In the 17th century science just (to begin) to make its mark in the world, and the greatest minds of Europe (to be) eager to learn more about the natural world. This (to be) the time when Newton (to discover) gravity and the basic rules that (to govern) every movement in the universe; the time, when Newton and Leibniz (to create) the mathematics of calculus; when Hooke and Leeuwenhoek (to discover) the world of microscopic life. Huygens (to be) at the forefront of this scientific revolution, and (to live) at its hub in Northwest Europe.
When Huygens (to be) a growing boy in the Netherlands, papal authorities in Rome (to threaten) Galileo with torture for suggestion that the Earth might not be the fixed centre of the universe.
Many scientists of that period (to have) wide range of interests. Hooke, Huygens and Leeuwenhoek (to make) their own microscopes and (to make) important discoveries in the microscopic world. Newton, Hooke and Huygens (to make) their own telescopes, especially Huygens whose telescopes (to be) superior to anything that had been done before. With them he (to discover) Saturn’s moon Titan and the nature of Saturn’s rings, (to map) the surface of Mars for the first time, (to identify) stars within the Orion nebula and (to discover) a number of other nebulae.
4. Match the names from the column a with the words and word combinations from the column b. Then make up sentences:
A B
1. Newton a) microscopes
2. Newton and Leibniz b) the surface of Mars
3. Galileo c) telescopes
4. Hooke, Huygens and Leeuwenhoek d) the mathematics of calculus
5. Newton, Hooke and Huygens e) the fixed centre of the universe
6. Huygens f) gravity
5. Translate the sentences into English:
1. Когда я вошел в офис, секретарь печатала письмо, кто-то говорил по телефону, заказчики ждали своей очереди. 2. Обсуждение этого вопроса продолжалось с двух до трех часов. 3. У них была сложная ситуация. Они не знали, что делать. 4. Когда делегация прибыла в Москву, группа студентов встречала их в аэропорту. 5. Когда мы вошли в конференц-зал, лектор отвечал на вопросы студентов. 6. Мы готовились к контрольной работе по математике, когда пришел мой друг. 7. Наши студенты выполняли практическую работу в хорошо оборудованной (well equipped) лаборатории, когда неожиданно отключился свет. 8. Что ты делал, когда произошла авария? – Я устанавливал систему. 9. Чтобы получить хорошие результаты, ученые проводили эксперимент в темной комнате. 10. В то время как религия настаивала на своем окончательном ответе о существовании мира, греческие мыслители занимались поиском основного принципа для объяснения этого вопроса. 11. Когда церковь пыталась найти следы ереси в научных расчетах о космосе, происхождении и структуре земли, ученые использовали различные методы. 12. Архимед был без сомнения величайшим изобретателем древних времен, т.к. он изобрел не только большое количество механических устройств, но первый построил водяной насос.