- •Part II
- •Unit III
- •Section 1. Basic course
- •Word usage and common errors.
- •Pronunciation practice.
- •Read the text.
- •Answer the questions.
- •True or false?
- •Translate into English.
- •Complete the sentences.
- •II. Pronunciation practice. 2
- •III. Read the text. 2
- •Correct the mistakes in the computer translation.
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 192. Congratulations!
- •Task 2. Pipelines. History and Development
- •I. Word usage and common errors.
- •P ronunciation practice.
- •Read the text and answer the questions at the beginning of the passages. Pipelines
- •IV. Make up and translate word — combinations choosing from the words given under the table.
- •V.Complete the sentences.
- •II. Pronunciation practice. 2
- •III. Read the text. 2
- •VII.Complete the sentences.
- •Read the passage and correct the computer translation of it.
- •Learn the definition by heart.
- •What is a Pipeline?
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 204. Congratulations!
- •Task 3. What is the Difference between Oil and Gas Pipeline?
- •I. Word usage and common errors.
- •Pronunciation practice.
- •Read the text and underline the international words.
- •Make up word combinations.
- •Make up questions to the answers.
- •True or false?
- •Fill in the gaps and read the extract.
- •Did you know that...
- •Complete the sentences using information in the right — hand column.
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 216. Congratulations!
- •Task 4. Pipeline Components
- •Word usage and common errors.
- •Pronunciation practice.
- •Read the text and underline the international words. Pipeline components
- •Find the meaning of the words in the right-hand column.
- •What element of the pipeline network is this? Guess, please.
- •Translate into Ukrainian and make the report on the topic.
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 228. Congratulations!
- •Task 5. Pipelines Classification
- •Word usage and common errors.
- •Pronunciation practice.
- •Translate the international words and find more of them in the text.
- •In general, pipelines can be classified in three categories depending on purpose:
- •Look through these descriptions and give the words they describe. Try to improve the incomplete descriptions.
- •Fill in prepositions and translate the sentences. Of, at, with, from, to, in, of, for, between
- •Translate into English.
- •Choose the correct word. In these sentences there are some words which you do not know. Guess what they mean and explain them to each other.
- •Read and translate the text; draw the table of oil pipelines classification.
- •Reproduce this piece of information filling in the right letter. Gas pipelines
- •Fill in the blanks with the necessary tense form. Don’t forget about Passive Voice. Offshore (submarine) pipelines
- •II. Pronunciation practice. 2
- •III. Read the text. 2
- •Fill in the gaps with: to transport, be transported, transported.
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 240.Congratulations!
- •Word usage and common errors.
- •Pronunciation practice.
- •Translate the international words and find more of them in the text.
- •Read and translate the text. Underline adjectives and adverbs in the text.
- •Find the meaning of the word and the antonym (if any) in the right — hand columns.
- •Fill in the gaps with the verbs in the necessary tense form.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Study the picture and read the sentences in the right order.
- •Study the material and prepare the report. Business of Pipelines
- •How Are Pipelines Operated?
- •How Are Pipelines Monitored?
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 252. Congratulations!
- •Task 7. Leak Detection Systems
- •Word usage and common errors.
- •Pronunciation practice.
- •True or false?
- •Make up the titles of the scientific articles.,
- •Single or double? Fill in the missing letter if necessary.
- •Task 8. Safety. Ecological and Environmental Impact
- •Word usage and common errors
- •Pronunciation practice. Read and translate the words.
- •Read and translate the text. Find in the text and discuss the leading causes of pipeline failures. Safety
- •Fill in the table using the list.
- •Find the word in the list of letters and complete the word combination.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Complete the sentences.
- •II. Pronunciation practice. 2
- •III. Read the text. 2
- •VIII. Translate into English.
- •If you can translate these word-combinations your total score is 276. Congratulations! You have finished the basic course.
IV. Make up and translate word — combinations choosing from the words given under the table.
The first gas pipeline |
Першийгазопровід |
street |
|
more significant |
|
metal |
|
welding |
|
pipes |
|
small |
|
pipeline |
|
different |
|
construction |
|
Lighting, diameter, design, techniques (2), manufacturing, gas pipeline, characteristics, transport.
V.Complete the sentences.
Part II 1
PIPELINES 1
UNIT III 1
Task 1. Piping. Pipeline Transport 2
II. Pronunciation practice. 2
III. Read the text. 2
Oil and gas are gases/substances that are readily passed through pipelines/channels.The first gas pipeline was removed/installed in Genoa, Italy in 1802 to carry gas for street lightening/lighting.
First more significant/substantial gas pipeline was built in 1891.
It was 120 miles long, and was transporting gas from middle/average Indiana all the way to the Chicago.
After this period very few/a few gas pipelines were built until the end of the Second World War.
During the Second World War great progress/ success in metal characteristics, welding techniques and pipes manufacturing was achieved/archived, so pipelines manufacture became economically appealing.
Oil was first driven/carried by pipeline in Pennsylvania over a distance of 10 km in 1861.
By 1874 a pipeline 100 km long carried fat/oil into Pittsburgh.
VII.Complete the sentences.
For thousands of years, pipelines have been constructed ...
The Chinese even used bamboo pipe...
A significant improvement of pipeline technology...
Another major milestone was the advent in the 19th century of steel pipe...
The development of high-strength steel pipes...
Initially, all steel pipes...
The application of welding to join pipes in the 1920s...
Today, most high-pressure piping consists...
...made it possible to construct leak proof, high-pressure, large-diameter pipelines.
... to transmit natural gas to light their capital) Beijing, as early as 400 BC.
...took place in the 18th century, when castiron pipes were used commercially.
...made it possible to transport natural gas and oil over long distances.
...had to be threaded together.
...in various parts of the world to convey water for drinking and irrigation.
...which greatly increased the strength of pipes of all sizes.
...of steel pipe with welded joints.
Read the passage and correct the computer translation of it.
Major innovations since 1950 include introduction of ductile iron and large-diameter concrete pressure pipes for water; use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe for sewers; use of “pigs” to clean the interior of pipelines and to perform other duties; “batching” of different petroleum products in a common pipeline; application of cathode protection to reduce corrosion and extend pipeline life; use of space-age technolo-gies such as computers to control pipelines and microwave stations and satellites to communicate between headquarters and the field; and new technologies and extensive measures to prevent and detect pipeline leaks. Furthermore, many new devices have been invented or produced to facilitate pipeline construction. These include large side booms to lay pipes, machines to drill under rivers and roads for crossing, machines to bend large pipes in the field, and X rays to detect welding flaws.
Головні нововведення, оскільки 1950 включають введення гнучкого заліза і конкретних впливових труб великого діаметру для води; використовування хлористої (PVC) труби polyvinyl для стічних труб; використовування “свиней”, щоб чистити внутрішність трубопроводів і виконувати інші обов’язки; “пакетування” різної нафтової продукції в загальному трубопроводі; додаток захисту cathodic, щоб скоротити корозію і розширити життя трубопроводу; використовування просторових-віку технологій, як наприклад комп’ютери, щоб управляти трубопроводами і мікрохвильовими місцями і супутниками, щоб спілкуватися між штаб-квартирою і областю; і нові технології і обширні заходи, щоб перешкодити і знайти витоки трубопроводу. До того ж, багато нових пристроїв було винайдено або проведено, щоб полегшити конструкцію трубопроводу. Ці включають великі бічні буми, щоб класти труби, машини, щоб свердлити під річками і дорогами для перетину, машини, щоб зігнутися великі труби в область, і X rays щоб знайти welding дефекти.