Теоретична фонетика

Варіант 1

1. What is the largest unit of speech?

a) discourse;

b) utterance ;

c) tone unit;

d) syllable.

2.What is the largest unit of language?

a) text;

b) sentence;

c) phrase;

d) word.

3. Articulatory phonetics is the study of the way speech sounds are made by:

a) ear, auditory nerve;

b) brain;

c) vocal organs;

d) between mouth and ear.

4. How many language resources does language consist as a code?

a) two;

b) three;

c) four;

d) one.

5. What unit of speech corresponds to the phoneme?

a) allophone;

b) syllable;

c) articulatory features;

d) rhythmic group.

6. Which one is the language resource?

a) lexicon ;

b) utterance;

c ) tone unit;

d) discourse.

7. How many components does the phonic substance of language consist of?

a) one;

b) two ;

c) three;

d) four.

8. Give the name of the founder of phonology.

a)Crystal;

b) Vassilyev;

c) Clark ;

d) Trubetskoi.

9. What is the standard of pronunciation for educated speakers in Australia?

a) General American;

b) General Australian;

c) Received Pronunciation;

d) Cultivated Australian.

10. The English-based group comprises:

a)Welsh English ;

b)Canadian English ;

c) General American ;

d) Southern American.

11. What is the geographical localization of the national pronunciation standard in the UK?

a) Scottish English;

b)Southern English ;

c) Welsh English;

d) Nothern English.

12. What scholar first described RP as a hoped for standard?

a) P. Trudgill ;

b) J. Hannah;

c) D. Jones;

d) A. Hughes.

13. Which American accent prevails in New York?

a)Eastern American;

b) Southern American ;

c) General American ;

d) General Australian.

14. What is one of the most characteristic allophones in General American?

a) l ;

b) r ;

c ) m ;

d) n.

15. How many aspects of speech sounds are distinguished?

a) one ;

b) two ;

c) three ;

d) four.

16. A labial, labio-dental, constrictive, fricative, voiceless, fortis consonant phoneme is:

a) h;

b) k;

c) f ;

d) r.

17. A labial, bilabial, constrictive, fricative, medial sonant is:

a) j ;

b) w ;

c) r ;

d) l.

18. Нow many consonant phonemes are there in RP?

a) 18;

b) 20;

c) 25;

d) 24.

19. How many vowel phonemes are there in RP?

a) 15;

b)17;

c)20;

d)25.

20. The founder of the phoneme theory is…

a) I.O.Baudouin de Courtenay ;

b) A.Gimson;

c) J.Wells;

d) K.Pike.

21. What scholar defined the phoneme as a family of sounds?

a) L. Scherba ;

b)D. Jones;

c) V. Vassyliev ;

d) R. Jakobson.

22. What type of assimilation occurs in the contractions it’s, that’s?

a) regressive;

b) progressive;

c) reciprocal;

d)historical.

23. Which tone can encourage further conversation, be wondering, mildly puzzled, soothing?

a) Low Rise;

b)Fall-Rise;

c)High-Rise;

d)Mid-Level.

24. How many major component does intonation consist of?

a)one;

b) two;

c) three;

d)four.

25. What tone expresses the speakers active searching for information?

a) High-Rise ;

b) Low Fall ;

c)Low Rise;

d)Fall-Rise.

26. Unstressed and half-stressed syllables following the nucleus are called:

a) pre-head;

b) head;

c) tail;

d) nucleus.

27. Initial unstressed syllables make…

a) tail;

b) nucleus;

c) head;

d) pre-head.

28. Which tone is used for an impression of neutral, calm finality,definiteness?

a) Fall-Rise;

b) Rise-Fall;

c) Low Fall;

d)High Fall.

29. What type of stress is distinguished if special prominence is achieved through the changes in the quality of the vowel under stress:

a) musical or tonic stress;

b)dynamic or force stress;

c)qualitative stress;

d)quantitative stress.

30. Syllables can be designated by the position in the word:

a) initial;

b) pretonic;

c) tonic ;

d) posttonic.

31. Allochrones are …variants of a phoneme.

a) subsidiary;

b) principal;

c) qualitative;

d) quantative.

32. Assimilation which occurs in everyday speech in the present-day pronunciation is called…

a) living;

b) historical;

c)progressive;

d) regressive.

33. The study of phonetic phenomena from the stylistic point of view is…

a) stylistics;

b) lexicology;

c) phonostylistics;

d) phonology.

34. The repetition of identical or similar sounds which is called…

a) accommodation;

b) assimilation;

c) alliteration;

d)elision.

35. According to the place of obstruction forelingual consonants may be:

a) interdental;

b)dorsal;

c) apical;

d) cacuminal.

36. Alveolar consonants are articulated with the…

a) the blade of the tongue;

b) the tip of the tongue;

c) the front part of the tongue;

d) the back part of the tongue .

37. The group of occlusive-constrictive consonants consists of …sounds.

a) voiced;

b) voiceless;

c) noise;

d) sonorant.

38. Vowel length may depend on a linguistic factor:

a) position of the vowel in a word;

b) poison of the lip;

c) position of the tongue;

d) movement of the tongue.

39. Centring diphthongs are called according to the articulatory character of the …element.

a) third;

b)second;

c) fourth;

d) first;

40. D. Jones devised the system of …Cardinal Vowels.

a) 9;

b) 6;

c) 7;

d) 8.

41. According to the position of the bulk of the tongue vowels can be:

a) front;

b) close;

c) mid-open;

d) open.

42. Position of the Soft Palate – principle of consonant classification provides the basis for the following distinctive oppositions:

a) occlusive vs. constrictive;

b) labial vs. lingual;

c)voiceless – fortis vs. voiced-lenis;

d)oral vs. nasal.

43. Front vowels are:

a)front-retracted;

b) fully-back;

c) close;

d) mid-open.

44. The principle Stability of Articulation provides the basis for the following distinctive oppositions:

a) monophthongs vs. diphthongs;

b) tense vs. lax;

c) checked vs. free;

d) front vs. central.

45. Occlusive noise consonant phoneme:

a) s;

b) p;

c) f;

d) c.

46. Occlusive nasal sonorants:

a) m;

b) g;

c) d;

d) k.

47. Constrictive sonorants:

a) z;

b) c;

c) l;

d) h.

48. Constrictive noise consonant phoneme is:

a) v;

b) c;

c) d;

d) k.

49. The major role in the system of unstressed vocalism in English belongs to the …vowel.

a) neutral;

b) stressed;

c) unstressed;

d) open.

50. In comparison of stressed and unstressed syllables there is in the stressed syllable:

a) the pitch of the voice is lower ;

b) the force of utterance is greater;

c) the quantity of the vowel is smaller;

d) the quality of the vowel is more broader.

Варіант 2

1. What tone expresses the speakers active searching for information?

a) High-Rise ;

b) Low Fall;

c) Low Rise;

d) Fall-Rise.

2. Unstressed and half-stressed syllables following the nucleus are called:

a) pre-head;

b) head;

c) tail;

d) nucleus.

3. Initial unstressed syllables make…

a) tail;

b) nucleus ;

c) head;

d) pre-head.

4. Which tone is used for an impression of neutral, calm finality, definiteness?

a) Fall-Rise;

b) Rise-Fall;

c) Low Fall;

d) High Fall.

5. What type of stress is distinguished if special prominence is achieved through the changes in the quality of the vowel under stress:

a) musical or tonic stress ;

b) dynamic or force stress ;

c) qualitative stress ;

d) quantitative stress.

6. Syllables can be designated by the position in the word:

a) initial ;

b) pretonic;

c) tonic;

d)posttonic.

7. Allochrones are …variants of a phoneme.

a)subsidiary;

b)principal;

c)qualitative;

d) quantative.

8. Assimilation which occurs in everyday speech in the present-day pronunciation is called…

a) living;

b) historical;

c) progressive;

d) regressive.

9. The study of phonetic phenomena from the stylistic point of view is…

a) stylistics;

b) lexicology;

c) phonostylistics;

d) phonology.

10. The repetition of identical or similar sounds which is called…

a) accommodation;

b) assimilation;

c) alliteration;

d) elision.

11. According to the place of obstruction forelingual consonants may be:

a) interdental;

b) dorsal;

c) apical;

d) cacuminal.

12. Alveolar consonants are articulated with the…

a) the blade of the tongue;

b) the tip of the tongue;

c) the front part of the tongue;

d) the back part of the tongue.

13. The group of occlusive-constrictive consonants consists of …sounds.

a) voiced;

b) voiceless;

c) noise;

d) sonorant.

14. Vowel length may depend on a linguistic factor:

a) position of the vowel in a word;

b) poison of the lip;

c) position of the tongue;

d) movement of the tongue.

15. Centring diphthongs are called according to the articulatory character of the …element.

a) third;

b) second;

c) fourth;

d) first.

16. D. Jones devised the system of …Cardinal Vowels.

a) 9;

b) 6;

c) 7;

d) 8.

17. According to the position of the bulk of the tongue vowels can be:

a) front;

b) close;

c)mid-open;

d)open.

18. Position of the Soft Palate – principle of consonant classification provides the basis for the following distinctive oppositions:

a) occlusive vs. constrictive;

b) labial vs. lingual;

c) voiceless – fortis vs. voiced-lenis;

d) oral vs. nasal.

19. Front vowels are:

a) front-retracted;

b) fully-back;

c) close;

d) mid-open.

20. The principle Stability of Articulation provides the basis for the following distinctive oppositions:

a) monophthongs vs. diphthongs;

b) tense vs. lax;

c) checked vs. free;

d)front vs. central.

21. Occlusive noise consonant phoneme:

a) s;

b) p;

c) f;

d) c.

22. Occlusive nasal sonorants:

a) m;

b) g;

c) d;

d) k.

23. Constrictive sonorants:

a) z;

b) c;

c) l;

d) h.

24. Constrictive noise consonant phoneme is:

a) v;

b) c;

c) d;

d) k.

25. The major role in the system of unstressed vocalism in English belongs to the …vowel.

a) neutral;

b) stressed;

c) unstressed;

d) open.

26. In comparison of stressed and unstressed syllables there is in the stressed syllable:

a) the pitch of the voice is lower;

b) the force of utterance is greater;

c) the quantity of the vowel is smaller;

d) the quality of the vowel is more broader.

27. What is the largest unit of speech?

a) discourse;

b) utterance;

c) tone unit;

d) syllable.

28. What is the largest unit of language?

a) text ;

b) sentence ;

c) phrase ;

d) word.

29. Articulatory phonetics is the study of the way speech sounds are made by:

a) ear, auditory nerve ;

b) brain ;

c) vocal organs;

d) between mouth and ear.

30. How many language resources does language consist as a code?

a) two;

b) three;

c) four;

d) one.

31. What unit of speech corresponds to the phoneme?

a) allophone ;

b) syllable ;

c) articulatory feature ;

d) rhythmic group.

32. Which one is the language resource?

a) lexicon ;

b) utterance;

c) tone unit;

d) discourse.

33. How many components does the phonic substance of language consist of?

a) one;

b) two;

c) three ;

d) four.

34. Give the name of the founder of phonology.

a)Crystal;

b) Vassilyev;

c) Clark ;

d) Trubetskoi.

35. What is the standard of pronunciation for educated speakers in Australia?

a) General American;

b) General Australian ;

c) Received Pronunciation;

d) Cultivated Australian.

36. The English-based group comprises:

a) Welsh English ;

b) Canadian English ;

c) General American ;

d) Southern American.

37. What is the geographical localization of the national pronunciation standard in the UK?

a) Scottish English ;

b) Southern English ;

c) Welsh English ;

d) Nothern English.

38. What scholar first described RP as a hoped for standard?

a) P. Trudgill;

b) J. Hannah ;

c) D. Jones ;

d) A. Hughes.

39. Which American accent prevails in New York?

a) Eastern American ;

b) Southern American;

c) General American;

d) General Australian.

40. What is one of the most characteristic allophones in General American?

a) l ;

b) r ;

c) m ;

d) n.

41. How many aspects of speech sounds are distinguished?

a) one;

b) two ;

c) three;

d) four.

42. A labial, labio-dental, constrictive, fricative, voiceless, fortis consonant phoneme is:

a) h;

b) k;

c) f;

d) r.

43. A labial, bilabial, constrictive, fricative, medial sonant is:

a) j;

b) w;

c) r ;

d) l.

44. Нow many consonant phonemes are there in RP?

a) 18 ;

b) 20 ;

c) 25;

d) 24.

45. How many vowel phonemes are there in RP?

a) 15;

b) 17;

c) 20;

d) 25.

46. The founder of the phoneme theory is…

a) I.O.Baudouin de Courtenay;

b) A.Gimson ;

c) J.Wells ;

d) K.Pike.

47. What scholar defined the phoneme as a family of sounds?

a) L. Scherba;

b) D. Jones ;

c) V. Vassyliev ;

d) R. Jakobson.

48. What type of assimilation occurs in the contractions it’s, that’s?

a) regressive;

b) progressive;

c) reciprocal ;

d) historical.

49. Which tone can encourage further conversation, be wondering, mildly puzzled, soothing?

a) Low Rise ;

b) Fall-Rise ;

c) High-Rise ;

d) Mid-Level.

50. How many major component does intonation consist of?

a) one;

b) two ;

c) three;

d) four.