Focus on Grammar

Verb Tenses in Active and Passive Voice

VII. Put the following sentences into the Passive Voice form.

1. We could not cancel the order because they had already sent it. We could not cancel the order because it__________________________.

2. The inflation influenced our business in the Middle East very badly.

Our business in the Middle East ________________________________.

3. They will make their advertisement soon. Their advertisement __________________.

4. We are printing our catalogues by Friday this week.

Our catalogues _____________________________.

5. We make the compressors for those machines here.

The compressors for those machines _________________________.

6. He has not fixed the date for the next appointment.

The date for the next appointment _____________________.

7.We received this letter from Continental Equipment a week ago.

This letter from Continental Equpiment ____________________.

8. We can pay you in advance if you want.

You .

9. They had to discuss the Contract before his departure. The Contract ________________________________.

10. If I had lost that much public money, they would have fired me. If I had lost that much public money __________________________.

VIII. Make the following sentences and define the Tenses.

1. ______ have _____ed ______.

2. Have ____ _____ed _____ yet?

3. ____ had ____ed by _____.

4. _____ will have _____ed by _______.

IX. Find in the text an example of the Present Perfect Tense.

X. Open the brackets.

1. She just (to go) out.

2. When they (to enter) the hall, the performance already (to begin).

3. By the time we (to come) to see him he (to return) home

4. We (to translate) the article by 6 o'clock.

XI. Test. Choose the correct item.

1.Don't phone me tonight. I ... for my English exam.

a) will study b) will be studying c) study

2. By the time we arrive home, she ... cooking.

a) will have finished b) is going to finish c) will have been finishing

3.Now that I've got a job, I... a car.

a) will buy b) am going to buy c) am buying

4. The train ... Moscow at nine o'clock.

a) leaves b) is leaving c) will leave

5. By the end of the day, she ... for ten hours.

a) will be working b) will have worked c) will have been

working

6.The time next week, we ... on the beach.

a) will lie b) will have been lying c) will be lying

7. ... help you with the shopping, Mum?

a) Will I b) Would I c) Shall I

XII. Meet as one group. Decide which of the sentences below best explains why “the traits approach” was abandoned.

a. It is difficult to identify aspects of personality.

b. This approach to leadership does not help to predict who will make a good leader.

c. Not all leaders have the same personality traits.

XIII. Work in several groups. McGregor identifies two types of manager, theory 'X' and theory 'Y'. Decide if the sentences below are true or false, and correct the false ones:

1. Theory 'X' managers have a positive view of their workers.

2. Theory 'Y' managers are more efficient.

3. Theory 'X' managers involve their workers in decision-making.

4. Theory 'Y' managers encourage their workers to take responsibility for their work.

XIV. Column A contains Likert's four managerial styles. Match each style with the correct description from column B.

А В

system 1 • • benevolent authoritarian

system 2 • • consultative

system 3 • • participating groups

system 4 • • exploitive authoritarian

XV. Meet as one group. Discuss the question: What do you think makes someone a leader? with reference to the following criteria:

• personality traits

• behavior and style

• situation

XVI. Role-Play

Divide into groups of three or four. You are the top management of a department store. You want to attract more young people to the store department. You must decide:

- what young people like about department stores;

- what young people do not like about department stores;

- what you would have to do to attract young people to the store (new departments, new products, new services).

Think of department stores you go to.

One of you present a brief report to the rest of the students on what you have decided.