II.1Как переводятся

Компоненты цепочки, являющиеся определениями, могут переводится:

1. Именем прилагательным.

2. Именем существительным в родительном падеже справа налево.

3. Именем существительным с любым предлогом по смыслу.

The transistor current.

1. Транзисторный ток.

2. Ток транзистора.

3. Ток в транзисторе.

Таким образом, в зависимости от способа представления, перевод может начинаться либо с первого, либо с последнего, т.е. основного компонента цепочки.

Упражнение XII. Переведите цепочки существительных.

Model: a plate voltage – анодное напряжение

напряжение анода

напряжение на аноде

a voltage amplifier, an amplifier voltage, circuit components, semiconductors material, transistor production, vacuum tubes, vacuum diode, vacuum triode

Прочитайте текст

The development of Radioelectronics

Electronics is a young and progressive science. It was founded at the beginning of our last century. The radio invented by Russian scientist A.S.Popov in 1895 had no electronical parts because there were no electronic devices at that time. But this invention led to the development of the first electronic devices – vacuum tubes.

This was the first stage in the development of electronics. There are two types of electronic tubes. These are vacuum tubes and gas-filled ones. The vacuum diode was invented by Flemming in 1904. The vacuum triode developed by De Frost in 1907 was the next electronic device. The action of electronic tubes is based on the motion of electrons in vacuum or gas. They are used for amplification and rectification of electric signals.

In 1948 the first semiconductor triode, or transistor was invented. It was another important stage in the development of electronics. The operation of semiconductor devices is based on the movement of charge carriers in solid bodies. Semiconductors possess a number of advantages over electronic tubes, such as small dimensions and high reliability.

The main tendency of modern radioelectronics is to reduce the size of radio devices and to increase their reliability. Therefore, the present stage in the development of radio electronics is the application of microelectronic devices based on integrated circuits (ICs) and large-scale integrated circuits (LSICs) Microelectronics is the basis for personal computers, microprocessors, industrial controllers and robots which are produced for automation of all industries and everyday life.

Упражнение XII. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1. When was Radioelectronics founded?

2. What was the first stage in the development of electronics?

3. What are the two types of electron tubes?

4. What is the action of electronic tubes based on?

5. What are electronic tubes used for?

6. What was the second stage in the development of electronics?

7. What is the operation of semiconductor devices based on?

8. What are the advantages of electronic tubes?

9. What is the present stage in the development of Radioelectronics?

10. Where are microelectronic devices used?