
- •Contents
- •Вступне слово
- •Management as a science
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Write what he/she did and what he/she didn’t do yesterday:
- •Your manager has just come back from a business trip. Ask him/her about:
- •Say, what he/she will do at this time:
- •Past Simple of the following verbs: to win, to spend, to begin, to invite, to like, to award, to send, to sell, to pay, to teach.
- •Future Simple of the following verbs: to give, to have, to come, to start, to launch, to be, to start, to get, to work, to visit.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Management
- •Text 2. Mary parker follett: mother of modern management
- •Developing speaking skills
- •English course agreements:
- •Planning and organising
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Some, any, no. Translate them and explain your choice.
- •Many, much, few, little. Translate them and explain your choice.
- •Present Continuous, put questions to them and give negative answers.
- •Past Continuous, put questions to them and give negative answers.
- •Past Continuous.
- •Future Continuous.
- •Future Simple or Future Continuous.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Planning
- •Text 2. Organising
- •Figure 1. Organisation with Narrow Span
- •Figure 2. Organisation with Wide Span
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Directing and controlling
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •You have a meeting with your partner. Ask him about his business. Use the following words:
- •You have just come back from a business trip. Tell your colleagues about it:
- •You have a plan of activities for your working day. Explain what you will have done by the definite time:
- •The modal verb May according to the model and translate them: I wish you organise the meeting. – You might organise the meeting.
- •The modal verb Must according to the model and translate them: I am sure your manager is a highly qualified specialist. – Your manager must be a highly qualified specialist.
- •The modal verb Can:
- •The modal verbs May, Can, Might and Could:
- •The modal verbs Must, Had to:
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Directing
- •Text 2. Controlling
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Land auction
- •Business organisation and marketing
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The basic forms of business organisation
- •Text 2. The main concepts of marketing
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Financial and risk management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •I said, “I involved short-term and long-term forecasting, budgeting and financial controls” – I said that I had involved short-term and long-term forecasting, budgeting and financial controls.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Financial management
- •Text 2. Risk management and insurance
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Human resource management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •I manage our delivery department. I am proud of it. – I am proud to manage our delivery department.
- •I was adjusted to new working conditions. I am glad of it. – I am glad to have been adjusted to new working conditions.
- •I have not seen the new production line. I am sorry about it. – I am sorry not to have seen the new production line.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Management and leadership
- •Text 2. Motivation and human resource management
- •Developing speaking skills
- •The profession of a manager
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Most of employers who work in human resource department are head hunters. – Most of employers working in human resource department are head hunters.
- •Managers who are working in financial department are analysing financial contracts. – Managers working in financial department are analysing financial contracts.
- •When he read the report, he found a lot of errors. – When reading the report, he found a lot of errors.
- •When he discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract. – Having discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract.
- •Our office is situated in the building, which was built last year. – Our office is situated in the building built last year.
- •I saw them as they were planning the change and how they were moving from the present to the ideal. – I saw them planning the change and moving from the present to the ideal.
- •As my colleague was on a business trip, I prepared the financial report. – My colleague being on a business trip, I prepared the financial report.
- •As his partner had prepared the report, they went home. – His partner having prepared the report, they went home.
- •When the work had been done, they phoned to the office. – The work having been done, they phoned to the office.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The profession of a manager
- •Text 2. Professional and personal skills of a manager
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Opening a New Restaurant
- •Business research and research ethics
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •After he forecasted changes in the market, he began to work as an analyst. – After forecasting changes in the market, he began to work as an analyst.
- •She insisted that she should solve the problem herself. – She insisted on solving the problem herself.
- •He insisted that he should be eliminated from the team. – He insisted on being eliminated from the team.
- •I want to get your report very much. – I am looking forward to getting your report.
- •It gave me much pleasure to work with you. – I enjoyed working with you.
- •It is useless to apply old methods. – It is no use applying old methods.
- •I am a team leader. I am proud of it. – I am proud of being a team leader.
- •He is given important information. He is proud of it. – He is proud of being given important information.
- •He was given important information. He is proud of it. – He is proud of having been given important information.
- •I did not request permission. I planned the interview myself. – Instead of requesting permission, I planned the interview myself.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Business research
- •Text 2. Research ethics
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Peculiarities of business communication
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •The Infinitive and its complexes:
- •The Gerund and its complexes:
- •The Participle and its complexes:
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Problems of cultural differences
- •Text 2. Nonverbal communication: body positions and movements
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Body talk.
- •Information technologies in management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Knowledge is a key to success, so there are so many ways to gather and keep information. – If knowledge weren’t a key to success, there wouldn’t be so many ways to gather and keep information.
- •I didn’t know about telecommuting, so I didn’t use it. – If I had known about telecommuting, I would have used it.
- •I am sorry an online chart room is not available in my computer now. – I wish an online chart room were available in my computer now.
- •It’s a pity, I had such poor information about ongoing situation. – I wish I hadn’t had such poor information about ongoing situation.
- •I advise you to stop your attempts in this sphere of business. – You had better stop your attempts in this sphere of business.
- •I prefer to use a chat room. – I would (had) rather (sooner) use a chat room.
- •Subjunctive I.
- •Subjunctive II.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Information technologies for electronic commerce
- •Text 2. Management information system
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Head-hunting and job hunting
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Referring to the Present and Future (Conditional II);
- •Referring to the Past (Conditional III).
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Head-hunting
- •Text 2. Job hunting
- •Developing speaking skills
- •How to choose the best career?
- •Famous ukrainian names
- •In economics and management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The development of administration and management as a science in ukraine
- •Text 2. Mykhailo tuhan-baranovskyy
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Extended reading
- •Inquiring minds want to know – now!
- •Violence on tv
- •International electronic cash
- •Ivan vernadskyy
- •Tests for self-control
- •Keys to tests
- •Grammar reference
- •§ 1. The noun
- •§ 2. Pronouns
- •§ 3. Verb tenses
- •Past Simple Tense
- •§ 4. Modal verbs
- •§ 5. The verb: passive voice
- •§ 6. Direct and indirect speech
- •Changes of Verb tense forms when transferring sentences from Direct into Indirect Speech
- •§ 7. The infinitive
- •§ 8. The participle
- •§ 9. The gerund
- •§ 10. The verbal complexes: comparison
- •Syntactic functions of the verbals: comparison
- •§ 11. The subjunctive mood
- •The suppositional mood is used in:
- •§ 12. Conditional sentences
- •§ 13. The compound sentence
- •§ 14. The complex sentence
- •Vocabulary
- •Literature
- •Іноземна мова професійного спрямування (англійська мова для менеджерів)
§ 13. The compound sentence
A compound sentence (складносурядне речення) consists of two or more sentences equal in rank which are called clauses. The clauses of a compound sentence are linked by means of:
a) copulative conjunctions (єднальні сполучники) |
He was a very eminent scholar and his works greatly influenced the development of this science. Він був відомим науковцем, і його праці мали значний вплив на розвиток цієї галузі науки. |
b) disjunctive conjunctions (розділові сполучники) |
I must distribute this information or I’ll be fined. Мені обов’язково потрібно поширити цю інформацію, інакше мене покарають. |
c) adversative conjunctions (протиставні сполучники) |
I read this book, but I didn’t read that article. Я читав цю книгу, але не читав тієї статті. |
d) asyndetically (безсполучниково) |
He graduated from Kharkiv University; he passed his Master’s examination; he wrote his first work. Він закінчив Харківський університет, склав магістерські іспити, написав свою першу працю. |
§ 14. The complex sentence
A complex sentence (складнопідрядне речення) consists of a principal (main) clause (головне речення) and one or more subordinate clauses (підрядне речення). There are five types of subordinate clauses.
SUBJECT CLAUSES (підрядні підметові речення) perform the function of the subject. They are introduced by: |
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a) conjunctions that, whether |
That is what I wanted to say. Ось що я хотів сказати. |
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b) conjunctive pronouns and adverbs who, whom, whose, what, which, where, when, how, why |
What the real cause was and which the results would be was unknown then. Яка була причина і які будуть результати – в той час було невідомо. What I need now is someone to do the job. Все, що мені тепер потрібно – це людина, яка виконає цю роботу. |
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PREDICATIVE CLAUSES (присудкові чи предикативні речення) have the function of the predicative of the principal clause. They can be introduced by: |
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a) conjunctions that, if, whether, as if, as though, lest |
His wish was that all profits should be divided. Він хотів, щоб всі прибутки були розподілені. |
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b) conjunctive pronouns and adverbs who, whom, whose, what, which, where, when, how, why |
The question was who was responsible for all this. Постало одне питання – хто відповідає за все це. |
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OBJECT CLAUSES (підрядні додаткові речення) have the function of the object. They can be introduced by: |
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a) conjunctions that, if, whether, lest |
He knew that introduction of these regulations was inevitable. Він знав, що впровадження цих розпоряджень – неминуче. |
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b) conjunctive pronouns and adverbs who, whose, what, which, where, when, how, why |
We know what risks are to be expected. Ми знаємо, яких ризиків очікувати. |
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b) asyndetically |
Everybody understood he was close to bankruptcy. Всі розуміли, що він близький до банкрутства. |
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ATTRIBUTIVE CLAUSES (підрядні означальні речення) have the function of the attribute to a noun or a pronoun of the principal clause. They can be introduced by: |
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a) conjunctive pronouns who, whose, which, that |
J. Keynes’ mother was a remarkable woman who was a great pioneer in social reform. Мати Кейнса – видатна жінка, яка була серед перших, хто цікавився соціальними реформами. Political economy accepted the historical method, which can be called experimental. Політична економія прийняла історичний метод, який можна назвати експериментальним. |
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b) conjunctive adverbs where, when |
M. Ziber was educated at the department of law at Kyiv University, where he showed a particular interest in political economy. М. Зібер навчався на юридичному факультеті Київського університету, де проявив особливий інтерес до політичної економії. |
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b) asyndetically |
One of the most important projects he was involved in was the setting up of the International Monetary Fund. Заснування міжнародного монетного фонду – це один з найважливіших проектів, у якому він брав участь. |
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ADVERBIAL CLAUSES (підрядні обставинні речення) have the function of various adverbial modifiers of the principal clause. They can be divided into adverbial clauses of: |
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time (introduced by conjunctions when, after, before, while, till, until, whenever, as soon as, since etc). |
I’ll buy this equipment when it is improved. Я куплю це обладнання, коли його удосконалять. You’ll do this, after you realise its necessity. Ти зробиш це, після того, як усвідомиш його необхідність. |
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place (introduced by conjunctions where, wherever) |
I’ve found a place where you can produce these goods. Я знайшов місце, де ти зможеш виготовляти ці товари. |
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cause (introduced by conjunctions because, as, since, for) |
Since you are the manager, you should deal with this problem. Оскільки ти вже керівник, тобі необхідно зайнятися цією проблемою. The results are very poor because he has been doing all this very grudgingly. Результати є дуже поганими, оскільки робив він все це неохоче. |
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result (introduced by conjunctions so that, so) |
The improvement was so considerable, that we decided to enhance domination of these methods. Покращання виявилося настільки значним, що ми вирішили надати перевагу цим методам. |
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purpose (introduced by conjunctions so that, that, so, in order that; lest) |
Let’s generalise these concepts so that clients may look through them more quickly. Давайте узагальнимо ці концепції для того, щоб клієнти мали можливість швидше їх проглянути. He intensified his control over the costs lest they should involve investments. Він посилив контроль за коштами, щоб уникнути залучення інвестицій. |
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manner and comparison (introduced by conjunctions as, as…as; not so as; than; as if, as though; the more…the more) |
He tried to see as many potential suppliers as it was possible. Він намагався побачити стільки потенційних постачальників, скільки можливо. The more eminent you are, the more successors you have. Чим ти відоміший, тим більше послідовників маєш. |
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concession (introduced by conjunctions though, although, whoever, whatever, whichever, however) |
He tried to gain recognition, though it was difficult. Він намагався добитися визнання, хоча це було важко. Whatever you do, we are ready to help you. Щоб ти не робив, ми готові тобі допомогти. |
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condition (introduced by conjunctions if, unless, even if, only if, in case (that), provided (that) |
There wouldn’t be the study of the history of economic thought provided if it were unimportant. Не було б вивчення історії економічної думки, якби вона була неважлива. |
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Peculiarities of the Complex Sentences Translation There are some peculiarities which you are to remember while translating the complex sentences into English: |
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1) always observe the rules of the sequence of tenses, if the verb of the principal clause denotes a past action |
He realised that this step would ruin his career. Він усвідомлював, що такий крок зруйнує його кар’єру. They confirmed that the prices had been already defined. Вони підтвердили, що ціни вже визначені. |
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2) we never use future forms in time and condition clauses; we normally use a present form |
When, in some years, you have some profits, you will have to share them with your partners. Коли з часом у тебе будуть прибутки, ти будеш зобов’язаний розділити їх з партнерами. If you attempt to do this, you will enhance your chances for success. Якщо ти спробуєш зробити це, то збільшиш свої шанси на успіх. |
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