- •Contents
- •Вступне слово
- •Management as a science
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Write what he/she did and what he/she didn’t do yesterday:
- •Your manager has just come back from a business trip. Ask him/her about:
- •Say, what he/she will do at this time:
- •Past Simple of the following verbs: to win, to spend, to begin, to invite, to like, to award, to send, to sell, to pay, to teach.
- •Future Simple of the following verbs: to give, to have, to come, to start, to launch, to be, to start, to get, to work, to visit.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Management
- •Text 2. Mary parker follett: mother of modern management
- •Developing speaking skills
- •English course agreements:
- •Planning and organising
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Some, any, no. Translate them and explain your choice.
- •Many, much, few, little. Translate them and explain your choice.
- •Present Continuous, put questions to them and give negative answers.
- •Past Continuous, put questions to them and give negative answers.
- •Past Continuous.
- •Future Continuous.
- •Future Simple or Future Continuous.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Planning
- •Text 2. Organising
- •Figure 1. Organisation with Narrow Span
- •Figure 2. Organisation with Wide Span
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Directing and controlling
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •You have a meeting with your partner. Ask him about his business. Use the following words:
- •You have just come back from a business trip. Tell your colleagues about it:
- •You have a plan of activities for your working day. Explain what you will have done by the definite time:
- •The modal verb May according to the model and translate them: I wish you organise the meeting. – You might organise the meeting.
- •The modal verb Must according to the model and translate them: I am sure your manager is a highly qualified specialist. – Your manager must be a highly qualified specialist.
- •The modal verb Can:
- •The modal verbs May, Can, Might and Could:
- •The modal verbs Must, Had to:
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Directing
- •Text 2. Controlling
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Land auction
- •Business organisation and marketing
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The basic forms of business organisation
- •Text 2. The main concepts of marketing
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Financial and risk management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •I said, “I involved short-term and long-term forecasting, budgeting and financial controls” – I said that I had involved short-term and long-term forecasting, budgeting and financial controls.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Financial management
- •Text 2. Risk management and insurance
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Human resource management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •I manage our delivery department. I am proud of it. – I am proud to manage our delivery department.
- •I was adjusted to new working conditions. I am glad of it. – I am glad to have been adjusted to new working conditions.
- •I have not seen the new production line. I am sorry about it. – I am sorry not to have seen the new production line.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Management and leadership
- •Text 2. Motivation and human resource management
- •Developing speaking skills
- •The profession of a manager
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Most of employers who work in human resource department are head hunters. – Most of employers working in human resource department are head hunters.
- •Managers who are working in financial department are analysing financial contracts. – Managers working in financial department are analysing financial contracts.
- •When he read the report, he found a lot of errors. – When reading the report, he found a lot of errors.
- •When he discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract. – Having discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract.
- •Our office is situated in the building, which was built last year. – Our office is situated in the building built last year.
- •I saw them as they were planning the change and how they were moving from the present to the ideal. – I saw them planning the change and moving from the present to the ideal.
- •As my colleague was on a business trip, I prepared the financial report. – My colleague being on a business trip, I prepared the financial report.
- •As his partner had prepared the report, they went home. – His partner having prepared the report, they went home.
- •When the work had been done, they phoned to the office. – The work having been done, they phoned to the office.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The profession of a manager
- •Text 2. Professional and personal skills of a manager
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Opening a New Restaurant
- •Business research and research ethics
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •After he forecasted changes in the market, he began to work as an analyst. – After forecasting changes in the market, he began to work as an analyst.
- •She insisted that she should solve the problem herself. – She insisted on solving the problem herself.
- •He insisted that he should be eliminated from the team. – He insisted on being eliminated from the team.
- •I want to get your report very much. – I am looking forward to getting your report.
- •It gave me much pleasure to work with you. – I enjoyed working with you.
- •It is useless to apply old methods. – It is no use applying old methods.
- •I am a team leader. I am proud of it. – I am proud of being a team leader.
- •He is given important information. He is proud of it. – He is proud of being given important information.
- •He was given important information. He is proud of it. – He is proud of having been given important information.
- •I did not request permission. I planned the interview myself. – Instead of requesting permission, I planned the interview myself.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Business research
- •Text 2. Research ethics
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Peculiarities of business communication
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •The Infinitive and its complexes:
- •The Gerund and its complexes:
- •The Participle and its complexes:
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Problems of cultural differences
- •Text 2. Nonverbal communication: body positions and movements
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Body talk.
- •Information technologies in management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Knowledge is a key to success, so there are so many ways to gather and keep information. – If knowledge weren’t a key to success, there wouldn’t be so many ways to gather and keep information.
- •I didn’t know about telecommuting, so I didn’t use it. – If I had known about telecommuting, I would have used it.
- •I am sorry an online chart room is not available in my computer now. – I wish an online chart room were available in my computer now.
- •It’s a pity, I had such poor information about ongoing situation. – I wish I hadn’t had such poor information about ongoing situation.
- •I advise you to stop your attempts in this sphere of business. – You had better stop your attempts in this sphere of business.
- •I prefer to use a chat room. – I would (had) rather (sooner) use a chat room.
- •Subjunctive I.
- •Subjunctive II.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Information technologies for electronic commerce
- •Text 2. Management information system
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Head-hunting and job hunting
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Referring to the Present and Future (Conditional II);
- •Referring to the Past (Conditional III).
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Head-hunting
- •Text 2. Job hunting
- •Developing speaking skills
- •How to choose the best career?
- •Famous ukrainian names
- •In economics and management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The development of administration and management as a science in ukraine
- •Text 2. Mykhailo tuhan-baranovskyy
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Extended reading
- •Inquiring minds want to know – now!
- •Violence on tv
- •International electronic cash
- •Ivan vernadskyy
- •Tests for self-control
- •Keys to tests
- •Grammar reference
- •§ 1. The noun
- •§ 2. Pronouns
- •§ 3. Verb tenses
- •Past Simple Tense
- •§ 4. Modal verbs
- •§ 5. The verb: passive voice
- •§ 6. Direct and indirect speech
- •Changes of Verb tense forms when transferring sentences from Direct into Indirect Speech
- •§ 7. The infinitive
- •§ 8. The participle
- •§ 9. The gerund
- •§ 10. The verbal complexes: comparison
- •Syntactic functions of the verbals: comparison
- •§ 11. The subjunctive mood
- •The suppositional mood is used in:
- •§ 12. Conditional sentences
- •§ 13. The compound sentence
- •§ 14. The complex sentence
- •Vocabulary
- •Literature
- •Іноземна мова професійного спрямування (англійська мова для менеджерів)
Changes of Verb tense forms when transferring sentences from Direct into Indirect Speech
He said: “I inform you”. |
He said (that) he informed me. |
He said: “I am informing you”. |
He said (that) he was informing me. |
He said: “I have informed you”. |
He said (that) he had informed me. |
He said: “I have been informing you”. |
He said (that) he had been informing me. |
He said: “I informed you”. |
He said (that) he had informed me. |
He said: “I was informing you”. |
He said (that) he had been informing me. |
He said: “I had informed you”. |
He said (that) he had informed me. |
He said: “I had been informing you”. |
He said (that) he had been informing me. |
He said: “I will inform you”. |
He said (that) he would inform me. |
He said: “I will be informing you”. |
He said (that) he would be informing me. |
He said: “I will have informed you”. |
He said (that) he would have informed me. |
He said: “I will have been informing you”. |
He said (that) he would have been informing me. |
§ 7. The infinitive
The Infinitive is a non-finite form of the Verb, which names an action. There are six forms of the Infinitive in English.
Forms of the Infinitive |
Active Voice |
Passive Voice |
Indefinite |
to manage to sell |
to be managed to be sold |
Continuous |
to be managing to be selling |
– |
Perfect |
to have managed to have sold |
to have been managed to have been sold |
Perfect-Continuous |
to have been managing to have been selling |
– |
The Indefinite Infinitive is used: |
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1 |
to name the action that is simultaneous with the action expressed by the finite Verb |
I was glad to maximise the potential, performance and the results of each member of my team. Я був радий максимізувати потенціал, роботу та результативність кожного члена моєї команди. |
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2 |
to name the future action with regard to the action, denoted by the finite Verb (intention, hope) |
He decided to motivate employees of his company. Він вирішив мотивувати працівників своєї компанії. |
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3 |
to express a future action with Modal Verbs |
You may come for interview tomorrow at 10 o’clock. Ви можете прийти на інтерв’ю завтра о 10 годині. |
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The Continuous Infinitive is used: |
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1 |
to name the action in its progress simultaneous with that of the finite Verb |
They seemed to be discussing a new policy of our company. Здавалося, що вони обговорюють нову політику компанії. |
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The Perfect Infinitive is used: |
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1 |
to name the action prior to that of the finite Verb |
I was pleased to have set an example for my team-members. Я був задоволений, що подав приклад членам моєї команди. |
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2 |
to show that the action was not performed, after the Verbs should, ought, could, might in the affirmative form, was/were in the modal meaning and to expect, to hope, to intend in the past tense |
He should have learnt the fundamentals of motivation. Йому слід було вивчити принципи мотивації (але він не вивчив). We ought to have encouraged employees of sales department. Нам треба було заохочувати працівників відділу збуту (але ми не заохочували). They could have obtained feedback the minute they came in. Вони могли отримати відповідь у той момент, коли зайшли (але не отримали). The board of directors might have provided a reward for everybody. Рада директорів могла винагородити кожного (але не зробила цього). Our distributors were to have prepared reports about their commercial activity. Наші дистриб’ютори мали підготувати звіт про їхню комерційну діяльність (але не зробили цього). I intended to have defined human resource policy and communicated it to the staff. Я мав намір визначити політику управління персоналом (але не зробив цього). |
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The Perfect-Continuous Infinitive is used: |
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1 |
to name the action that lasted during a certain period of time before the action of the finite Verb |
I am happy to have been working in our company for 10 years. Я щасливий, що 10 років поспіль працюю у нашій компанії. |
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In the sentence the Infinitive/Infinitive group is used as: |
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a Subject |
To be a leader does not mean just to have the authority of management or supervisory position. Бути лідером означає не тільки мати владу управління чи керівну посаду. It was hard to influence others. Було важко впливати на інших. |
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a Predicate |
The goal of the future training is to develop leadership skills of team members. Мета майбутнього тренінгу – розвинути лідерські навички членів команди. |
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a part of the compound verbal Predicate |
You should have directed and influenced others to achieve common goals. Слід було керувати іншими людьми та здійснювати вплив на них для досягнення спільних цілей. She began to study and analyze leadership. Вона почала вивчати та аналізувати лідерство. |
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an object to Verbs and Adjectives |
They asked me to define the way in which the functions of leadership are carried out. Вони попросили мене визначити спосіб здійснення функцій лідерства. |
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an Attribute |
Many people feel the need to be encouraged and developed. Багато людей відчувають потребу у заохоченні та розвитку. |
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an adverbial modifier of purpose or result |
I decided to meet with you to have an honest understanding of what we can do. Я вирішив зустрітися з тобою, щоб чітко зрозуміти що ми можемо зробити. |
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THE OBJECTIVE INFINITIVE COMPLEX consists of: |
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Noun in the Common Case: |
Noun in the Common Case + Infinitive Pronoun in Objective Case + Infinitive |
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Personal Pronoun in the Objective Case: |
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in which the nominal part denotes the Subject or the Object of the action, expressed by the Infinitive. |
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The Objective Infinitive complex is used after the verbs denoting: |
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perceptions of senses: to see, to hear, to feel, to watch, to observe, to notice |
We felt him allow the subordinates freedom of action. Ми відчули, що він дав свободу дій підлеглим. |
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wish, intention, emotions: to want, to wish, to desire, to hate, to intend, to like |
She wanted them to bring out extraordinary leadership qualities. Він хотів, щоб вони проявили незвичайні якості лідера. |
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mental activity: to consider, to believe, to think, to find, to know, to expect, to suppose |
We expected him to make the final decision. Ми сподівалися, що він прийме остаточне рішення. |
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order, request, permission, advice, compulsion: to order, to ask, to request, to allow, to permit, to advise, to recommend, to cause, to force, to make, to let |
He allowed managers to use authoritarian style in this situation. Він дозволив менеджерам застосувати авторитарний стиль у цій ситуації. |
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THE SUBJECTIVE INFINITIVE COMPLEX consists of: |
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Noun in the Common Case: |
Noun in the Common Case + Infinitive Pronoun in the Common Case + Infinitive |
Personal Pronoun in the Nominative Case: |
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in which the nominal part denotes the Subject or the Object of the action, expressed by the Infinitive. |
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The Subjective Infinitive complex is used: |
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after the verbs to say, to report (in Passive Voice) |
The style of leadership is said to be classified as: authoritarian, democratic and laissez-faire style. Кажуть, що стиль управління класифікують як авторитарний, демократичний і стиль невтручання. |
denoting perception of senses: to see, to hear, to feel, to watch, to observe, to notice |
Many progressive companies were observed to use democratic style of leadership. Відзначають, що багато прогресивних компаній використовують демократичний стиль управління. |
denoting mental activity: to consider, to believe, to think, to expect, to suppose |
The exhibition is expected to begin in time. Очікується, що виставка розпочнеться вчасно. |
denoting order, request, permission, advice, compulsion: to order, to ask, to request, to allow, to permit, to cause, to force, to make |
Managers were ordered to integrate individual and group goals. Менеджерам наказали інтегрувати особистісні та групові цілі. |
after the verbs to seem, to appear, to happen, to chance, to prove, to turn out |
He seemed not to distinguish leaders from other people. Здавалося, що він не відрізняв лідерів серед інших людей. |
after the word combinations to be likely, to be unlikely, to be sure, to be certain |
People are likely to work in teams. Навряд чи людям подобається працювати в командах. |
THE PREPOSITIONAL INFINITIVE COMPLEX consists of: |
|
Noun in the Common Case: |
FOR + Noun in the Common Case + Infinitive FOR + Pronoun in Objective Case + Infinitive
|
Personal Pronoun in the Objective Case: |
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in which the nominal part denotes the Subject or the Object of the action, expressed by the Infinitive. |
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The Prepositional Infinitive complex is used as: |
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a Subject |
For us to cooperate with your company is the luckiest chance in our activity. Співпрацювати з вашою компанією – це найщасливіший шанс у нашій діяльності. It’s time for us to learn special skills and qualities. Нам пора опановувати спеціальні навички та якості. |
a Predicate |
The Eastern Europe market is for you to think about. Про ринок Східної Європи тобі треба подумати. |
an Object |
Everybody waited for the director to determine rewards. Всі чекали, поки директор визначить винагороди. |
an Attribute |
There is nobody here for her to help. Тут нема нікого, хто міг би їй допомогти. |
an adverbial modifier of purpose or result |
The manager gave several pieces of advice for employees to understand the task better. Менеджер дав кілька порад, щоб працівники зрозуміли завдання краще. |