- •Contents
- •Вступне слово
- •Management as a science
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Write what he/she did and what he/she didn’t do yesterday:
- •Your manager has just come back from a business trip. Ask him/her about:
- •Say, what he/she will do at this time:
- •Past Simple of the following verbs: to win, to spend, to begin, to invite, to like, to award, to send, to sell, to pay, to teach.
- •Future Simple of the following verbs: to give, to have, to come, to start, to launch, to be, to start, to get, to work, to visit.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Management
- •Text 2. Mary parker follett: mother of modern management
- •Developing speaking skills
- •English course agreements:
- •Planning and organising
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Some, any, no. Translate them and explain your choice.
- •Many, much, few, little. Translate them and explain your choice.
- •Present Continuous, put questions to them and give negative answers.
- •Past Continuous, put questions to them and give negative answers.
- •Past Continuous.
- •Future Continuous.
- •Future Simple or Future Continuous.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Planning
- •Text 2. Organising
- •Figure 1. Organisation with Narrow Span
- •Figure 2. Organisation with Wide Span
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Directing and controlling
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •You have a meeting with your partner. Ask him about his business. Use the following words:
- •You have just come back from a business trip. Tell your colleagues about it:
- •You have a plan of activities for your working day. Explain what you will have done by the definite time:
- •The modal verb May according to the model and translate them: I wish you organise the meeting. – You might organise the meeting.
- •The modal verb Must according to the model and translate them: I am sure your manager is a highly qualified specialist. – Your manager must be a highly qualified specialist.
- •The modal verb Can:
- •The modal verbs May, Can, Might and Could:
- •The modal verbs Must, Had to:
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Directing
- •Text 2. Controlling
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Land auction
- •Business organisation and marketing
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The basic forms of business organisation
- •Text 2. The main concepts of marketing
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Financial and risk management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •I said, “I involved short-term and long-term forecasting, budgeting and financial controls” – I said that I had involved short-term and long-term forecasting, budgeting and financial controls.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Financial management
- •Text 2. Risk management and insurance
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Human resource management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •I manage our delivery department. I am proud of it. – I am proud to manage our delivery department.
- •I was adjusted to new working conditions. I am glad of it. – I am glad to have been adjusted to new working conditions.
- •I have not seen the new production line. I am sorry about it. – I am sorry not to have seen the new production line.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Management and leadership
- •Text 2. Motivation and human resource management
- •Developing speaking skills
- •The profession of a manager
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Most of employers who work in human resource department are head hunters. – Most of employers working in human resource department are head hunters.
- •Managers who are working in financial department are analysing financial contracts. – Managers working in financial department are analysing financial contracts.
- •When he read the report, he found a lot of errors. – When reading the report, he found a lot of errors.
- •When he discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract. – Having discussed everything with the partner, he signed the contract.
- •Our office is situated in the building, which was built last year. – Our office is situated in the building built last year.
- •I saw them as they were planning the change and how they were moving from the present to the ideal. – I saw them planning the change and moving from the present to the ideal.
- •As my colleague was on a business trip, I prepared the financial report. – My colleague being on a business trip, I prepared the financial report.
- •As his partner had prepared the report, they went home. – His partner having prepared the report, they went home.
- •When the work had been done, they phoned to the office. – The work having been done, they phoned to the office.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The profession of a manager
- •Text 2. Professional and personal skills of a manager
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Opening a New Restaurant
- •Business research and research ethics
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •After he forecasted changes in the market, he began to work as an analyst. – After forecasting changes in the market, he began to work as an analyst.
- •She insisted that she should solve the problem herself. – She insisted on solving the problem herself.
- •He insisted that he should be eliminated from the team. – He insisted on being eliminated from the team.
- •I want to get your report very much. – I am looking forward to getting your report.
- •It gave me much pleasure to work with you. – I enjoyed working with you.
- •It is useless to apply old methods. – It is no use applying old methods.
- •I am a team leader. I am proud of it. – I am proud of being a team leader.
- •He is given important information. He is proud of it. – He is proud of being given important information.
- •He was given important information. He is proud of it. – He is proud of having been given important information.
- •I did not request permission. I planned the interview myself. – Instead of requesting permission, I planned the interview myself.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Business research
- •Text 2. Research ethics
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Peculiarities of business communication
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •The Infinitive and its complexes:
- •The Gerund and its complexes:
- •The Participle and its complexes:
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Problems of cultural differences
- •Text 2. Nonverbal communication: body positions and movements
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Body talk.
- •Information technologies in management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Knowledge is a key to success, so there are so many ways to gather and keep information. – If knowledge weren’t a key to success, there wouldn’t be so many ways to gather and keep information.
- •I didn’t know about telecommuting, so I didn’t use it. – If I had known about telecommuting, I would have used it.
- •I am sorry an online chart room is not available in my computer now. – I wish an online chart room were available in my computer now.
- •It’s a pity, I had such poor information about ongoing situation. – I wish I hadn’t had such poor information about ongoing situation.
- •I advise you to stop your attempts in this sphere of business. – You had better stop your attempts in this sphere of business.
- •I prefer to use a chat room. – I would (had) rather (sooner) use a chat room.
- •Subjunctive I.
- •Subjunctive II.
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Information technologies for electronic commerce
- •Text 2. Management information system
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Head-hunting and job hunting
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Referring to the Present and Future (Conditional II);
- •Referring to the Past (Conditional III).
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. Head-hunting
- •Text 2. Job hunting
- •Developing speaking skills
- •How to choose the best career?
- •Famous ukrainian names
- •In economics and management
- •Introduction
- •Use of the essential vocabulary
- •Applied grammar
- •Reading and writing
- •Text 1. The development of administration and management as a science in ukraine
- •Text 2. Mykhailo tuhan-baranovskyy
- •Developing speaking skills
- •Extended reading
- •Inquiring minds want to know – now!
- •Violence on tv
- •International electronic cash
- •Ivan vernadskyy
- •Tests for self-control
- •Keys to tests
- •Grammar reference
- •§ 1. The noun
- •§ 2. Pronouns
- •§ 3. Verb tenses
- •Past Simple Tense
- •§ 4. Modal verbs
- •§ 5. The verb: passive voice
- •§ 6. Direct and indirect speech
- •Changes of Verb tense forms when transferring sentences from Direct into Indirect Speech
- •§ 7. The infinitive
- •§ 8. The participle
- •§ 9. The gerund
- •§ 10. The verbal complexes: comparison
- •Syntactic functions of the verbals: comparison
- •§ 11. The subjunctive mood
- •The suppositional mood is used in:
- •§ 12. Conditional sentences
- •§ 13. The compound sentence
- •§ 14. The complex sentence
- •Vocabulary
- •Literature
- •Іноземна мова професійного спрямування (англійська мова для менеджерів)
§ 5. The verb: passive voice
A person or thing performing an action is called the subject of the action. A person or thing acted upon is called the object of the action. In the English language the verb has two voices: the Active Voice and the Passive Voice.
The tenses of the Passive Voice are formed by means of the auxiliary verb to be in the corresponding tense and Past Participle of the main verb:
to be + V3f/ed
|
PAST (was, were) |
PRESENT (am, is, are) |
FUTURE (will be) |
FUTURE-IN-THE-PAST (would be) |
Simple |
It was managed
We were met |
It is managed
We are met |
It will be managed
We will be met |
It would be managed
We would be met |
Continuous |
It was being managed We were being met |
It is being managed
We are being met |
_________ |
__________ |
Perfect |
It had been managed We had been met |
It has been managed
We have been met |
It will have been managed We will have been met |
It would have been managed We would have been met |
Perfect-Continuous |
_________ |
__________ |
_________ |
__________ |
The most important thing to remember while translating English sentences with the verb in Passive is to clearly determine the real doer of the action (if possible) and the object of the action.
§ 6. Direct and indirect speech
In English when a declarative sentence is changed from Direct into Indirect Speech, it becomes an object clause introduced by the Conjunction that, which is often omitted. He says: “The supermarket is opened from 8 a.m. till 9 p.m. every day.” – He says that the supermarket is opened from 8 a.m. till 9 p.m. every day.
2. Personal and Possessive Pronouns are shifted or remain unchanged according to the sense. She says: “I am going to change my image.” – She says that she is going to change her image. He says: “They will have negotiations next week.” – He says that they will have negotiations next week.
3. If the reporting Verb to say has an Object (with the preposition to) denoting the person addressed, the Verb to say is usually replaced by the Verb to tell after which the Object is used without a Preposition. When the person addressed is not indicated, the Verb to say remains before the Indirect Speech. They say to me: “We should change our supplier.” – They tell me that they should change their supplier. They say: “We should change our supplier.” – They say that they should change the supplier.
4. In indirect questions there is no inversion; they have the word order of a declarative sentence. He said to me: “Why hadn’t you prepared the presentation?” – He asked me why I hadn’t prepared the presentation.
5. Indirect general questions are introduced by the Conjunctions if or whether. In indirect special questions the Interrogative Pronouns and Adverbs turn into Conjunctive Pronouns and Adverbs. He asked me: “Did you introduce the new employee?” – He asked me if I introduced the new employee.
6. When orders and requests are changed into Indirect Speech, the Imperative Mood is replaced by the Infinitive and reporting Verb to say is replaced by to ask, to tell, to order or their synonyms. He said: “As far as you know the details, phone me.” – He asked me to phone him as far as I know the details. He said: “Do not send emails today.” – He said not to send emails today.
7. If the reporting Verb denotes a past action, tenses of the Verb of the Direct Speech are changed according to the rules of the Sequence of Tenses.