Tests for self-control

UNIT 1

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to accomplish; management; to set; hierarchical; vision; to organise; resolution; to clarify; procedure; to direct.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

досягти; ціль та завдання; самоуправлінський; зосереджувати; основи; завдання; виклик, складне завдання; науковий; відпові­дати; виправляти, корегувати.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

authority, rapid, wage, empowerment, market.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. In traditional organisations the supervisors of different levels ____ the employees. a) manage, b) managed, c) will manage.

2. You have done the job very well. I ____ you extra holiday next month. a) will give, b) was giving, c) had given.

3. In cooperation with employees managers set up teams and ____ all their mistakes together. a) are correcting, b) have corrected, c) correct.

4. We could not afford to keep our equipment, so we ____ it. a) are selling, b) will sell, c) sold.

5. Last month our company ____one of the latest innovative ideas in its activity. a) is using, b) used, c) will use.

Task 5. Give the plural of the following nouns (if they have plural forms):

money; information; day-work; status; boss; ratio; market; market-share; director-general; people.

Task 6. Put questions to the underlined words:

1. Managers are in charge of managing finance. 2. Tactical planning is usually done by managers or teams of managers. 3. He controlled the team activity once a week. 4. They will restructure the company next month. 5. Top management includes the chief executive, his deputies, the board of directors.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The main responsibility, is to run, of a manager, the organisation. 2. Management, organising of cooperation, as a process of planning, is considered, motivation and controlling. 3. The goals, by managers, should be agreed upon, and workers. 4. Our company, various customers, decided to serve, on the Ukrainian market. 5. Managers, do, of the organisation, at lower levels, tactical planning.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Він не зміг досягнути мети. 2. Це завдання виявилось досить легким. 3. Менеджер пояснив мені обов’язки та права працівника компанії. 4. Наша продукція є конкурентноспроможною. 5. Ми вчасно виправили наші помилки.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello, Nick! Listen, don’t you know what management means? ___	a) I think it is an art and a science simultaneously.
2. So, it is not a science but an art? ___	b) You are welcome, good bye.
3. Why is it so? ___	c) No, I think they don’t. They rather supplement each other.
4. Do they exclude each other?___	d) Because it is a system of scientific knowledge and personal qualities.
5. Thank you for useful informa­tion, see you later.___	e) Hi, Karen! An interesting question! To my mind, management is an art of controlling people.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

There has been a great deal of research into the art of negotiation and, in particular, into what makes a good negotiator.

One point most researches seem to agree on is that good negotiators try to create a harmonious atmosphere at the start of a negotiation. They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their opposite number, so that there will be a willingness – on both sides – to make concession, if this should prove necessary.

Good negotiators generally wish to reach an agreement which meets the interests of both sides. They therefore tend to take a long-term view, ensuring that the agreement will improve or at least not harm, their relationship with the other party. On the other hand, a poor negotiator tends to look for immediate gains, forgetting that the real benefits of a deal may come much later.

Skilful negotiators are flexible. They do not lock themselves into a position so that they will lose face if they have to compromise. They have a range of objectives, thus allowing themselves to make concessions. Poor negotiators have limited objectives and may not even work out a fall-back position.

1. Good negotiators try to create a harmonious atmosphere. 2. Those who tend to look for immediate gains are considered to be the most successful negotiators. 3. Good negotiators generally wish to reach an agreement which meets the interests of one side. 4. It is important to consider the long-term benefits while negotiating. 5. Skilful negotiators allow themselves to make concessions because there is no way out.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

challenge; to monitor; resource; scientific; to favor; to manipulate; to share; to focus; to implement; goal and objective.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

з’ясовувати, роз’яснювати; мотивувати, заохочувати; вимога, за­пит; вирішення; інноваційний; забезпечувати; ієрархічний; здійс­нювати, виконувати; ресурс; покупець.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

cooperation, recently, service, performance, employee.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. The top manager of our company ___ to distribute our products in international market last month. a) plans, b) planned, c) has planned.

2. We ___ presentations once a month. a) organise, b) have organised, c) are organised.

3. I have invited many clients, but I am afraid they ___ to our next meeting. a) have not come, b) came, c) will not come.

4. Our competitor ___ the proposal of cooperation now. a) has sent, b) is sending, c) sent.

5. Last year we ___ a lot of money on education of our employees. a) spent, b) have spent, c) shall spend.

Task 5. Give the plural of the following nouns (if they have plural forms):

commercial; factory; report; graph; felt-pen; television; electronics; cargo; firm; index.

Task 6. Put questions to the underlined words:

1. The new managerial style is more informal. 2. The manager delegated some authority to me. 3. The workers never demanded more freedom of operation. 4. We will have the meeting with our colleagues. 5. Our director went on a business trip.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. We need, of our, an alternative plan, to have, activity. 2. We organised, future company, of our, the structure, very quickly. 3. We, all workers, tasks and resources, will take into account, in our business. 4. As a middle-manager, of controlling, the tasks, I executed, and tactical planning. 5. He, and evaluated, specific job, gave me, my performance.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Покупці задоволені продукцією нашої компанії. 2. Цілі компа­нії є досить гнучкими. 3. Компанія працює на ринках України та Польщі. 4. Ми отримали винагороду за добре виконане завдання. 5. Я запланував поїздку до Києва.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello! Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? __	a) Yes, they did. Because it is very important to speak accurately.
2. But as I remember, you were practicing some courses last month.__	b) Thank you for a compliment.
3. What did they teach you? __	c) How to organise my business.
4. Did they teach you to speak foreign languages accurately and fluently? __	d) I was on a course of perfecting my qualification.
5. I see you are a well-skilled and professional manager.__	e) Right. But management is not only a science but also a skill of finding a way out from different situations.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

One reason people go to the college is because the college prepares them to become managers. Management is attractive to students because it represents authority, more money, prestige and so on. Management is the art of getting things done through people and other resources.

At one time, that meant that managers were called bosses and their job was to tell people what to do and watch over them to be sure they did it.

Today, management is changing from that image. Managers are being trained to guide and coach employees rather than discipline and give orders. Managers in some high-tech and progressive firms dress more casually, are more friendly and generally treat employees as partners rather than unruly workers.

1. Management is attractive to students because it involves creative work. 2. In some progressive firms managers are more friendly. 3. Management is a changeable phenomenon and has its history. 4. Nowadays managers treat employees as partners rather than unruly workers. 5. At one time managers were called bosses and their duty was to walk around.

UNIT 2

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

internal; superior; capacity; to require; exceptional; to undertake; efficiency; operation; utilisation; framework.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

досягти; співпрацювати; стосуватися чогось; свідомий; той, що лежить в основі; потребувати, вимагати; ціль; підрозділ; першо­чергове завдання; різнитися, відрізнятися.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

cost; to hire; observation; tendency; informal.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. This company ___ enthusiastic agents during the last year. a) will be looking for, b) was looking for, c) is looking for.

2. Today our prices ___ in line with inflation. a) are growing, b) grows, c) were growing.

3. This department ___ their new ideas tomorrow during the meeting. a) will be representing, b) is representing, c) has represented.

4. Our company ___ its shares, before closing in 2000. a) sells, b) is selling, c) was selling.

5. He ___ for negotiation at this moment. a) was preparing, b) is preparing, c) has prepared.

Task 5. Write down sentences with the following words:

many, much, few, little, a lot of.

Task 6. Make the following sentences interrogative:

1. We have some new ideas. 2. I have seen some advertisements for a new job. 3. His manager had no idea about the project. 4. She had a business lunch and discussed some problems with our customer. 5. There is some budget shortage.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. People, what they are expected, must know, to accomplish. 2. There are, which highlight, four major aspects, the nature of planning. 3. This job, perfect, requires, managerial skills. 4. Last year, and this caused, their organisation, they began to restructure, staff reduction. 5. Would you be so kind as, this issue, to explain, to me?

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Ця компанія здійснювала рекламні акції цілий місяць. 2. Ціни на деякі товари та послуги постійно змінюються. 3. Я буду готувати промову завтра ввечері. 4. Більшість продукції цієї корпорації відома українським споживачам уже давно. 5. Ми обговорюємо нову систему контролю якості продукції.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello Tom! How are you? __	a) So, see you on Friday at 8 p.m. near the office. Bye!
2. Not bad, thank you. I say, could we meet on Monday evening? __	b) I can’t, I am afraid. I’ll work till nine p.m.
3. What about Tuesday evening ? ___	c) Sorry, I’d like to, but I’m playing volleyball.
4. Well, what are you doing on Wednesday evening? ___	d) I am going to the theater with my mother. What do you think about Friday evening. I’m free on Friday.
5. Oh, that’s OK, 8 p.m. will be great for me. See you then, bye! ___	e) Hello Ann! Thanks I am fine. And how are you?

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

The criterion of average customer waiting time for capacity planning can be appropriate in several circumstances. For example, a restaurant owner may wish to promote liquor sales in the bar and, therefore, stipulates that customers be kept waiting 5 minutes on average for a table. It has been suggested that because the face of a watch typically is divided into 5-minute increments, people who are waiting in line may not realise how long they have been waiting until at least 5 minutes have passed. Therefore, in designing a drive-in bank facility, it may be advisable to have customers wait no more than 5 minutes on average for service. In these cases it would be appropriate to identify the service capacity in terms of the number of servers that would guarantee the desired expected customer waiting time.

1. The criterion of average customer waiting time for capacity planning can't be appropriate in any case. 2. People who are waiting in line may not realise how long they have been waiting until at least 5 minutes have passed. 3. It is advisable to have customer wait more than 5 minutes on average for service. 4. It is worth identifying the service capacity in terms of the number of servers that would guarantee the desired expected customer waiting time. 5. The face of a watch typically is divided into 5-minute increments.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

adoption; creative; to contribute to; bottleneck; to envision; informal; tendency; pervasive; to force; relationship.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

розміщення; спричиняти; спостереження; бюджет; визначати; переш­кода; відбирати; виділяти; місія; об’єднуватись в єдину структуру.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

to accomplish; discretion; excessive; primacy; room.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. His nominal income ___ from September to October next year. a) is changing, b) changes, c) will be changing.

2. When I entered the room the director ___ with the secretary. a) was speaking, b) will speak, c) is speaking.

3. Our company ___ its strategy persistently. a) follows, b) is following, c) was following.

4. At the moment he ___ at his presentation. a) is working, b) will work, c) was working.

5. We ___ about setting up joint venture now. a) was considering, b) will be considering, c) are considering.

Task 5. Write down sentences with the following words:

many, much, few, little, a lot of.

Task 6. Make the following sentences interrogative:

1. We bought some flowers. 2. You met some interesting people on holiday. 3. Some modern managers perform all of these tasks with the full cooperation and participation of workers. 4. You have some time to spare. 5. They have no money.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The allocation, of the most important tasks, is one, of resources, of the enterprise. 2. Strategies, for guiding thinking, furnish a framework, and action. 3. A manager, respective personal characteristics, should have, and professional qualifications. 4. He tried, but nobody, to clarify his idea, listened to him. 5. But why do we choose, departmentalisation, functional?

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Цей завод випускатиме нові прилади впродовж року. 2. Коли задз­вонив телефон, рада директорів приймала важливе рішення. 3. Увесь день вона працювала над бізнес-планом. 4. Нині багато фірм надають схожі послуги. 5. Я чекатиму на ваші повідомлення увесь день.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. The British Broadcasting Corporation has recently changed its logo. Can you tell us why? ___	a) Well, we were planning to launch a range of new channels and services at that time, so it was the opportunity to think over the existing logo.
2. Weren’t you happy with the previous one? ___	b) I’d say yes.
3. So, what were your main aims in changing the logo? ___	c) Basically no. There were a number of problems. For example, it didn’t work as an on-screen graphic.
4. And do you think the new logo has been a great success? ___	d) First of all, we wanted to simplify the design.
5. What about the costs? ___	e) So far, it costs us about one million Euro.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

The capacity planning decision involves a trade-off between the cost of providing a service and the cost or inconvenience of customer waiting. The cost of service capacity is determined by the number of servers on duty, whereas customer inconvenience is measured by waiting time. Increasing service capacity typically results in lower waiting costs and higher service cost.

The trade-off between customer waiting and service capacity can be seen daily. For example, an emergency ambulance seldom is busy more than 30 percent of the time. Such low utilisation is required in exchange for the ability to provide assistance on a moment's notice. Excess ambulance capacity is necessary, because the implicit cost of waiting for this particular service may be exorbitant in terms of human lives.

1. The trade-off between customer waiting and service capacity can be seen daily. 2. The cost of service capacity is determined by the number of servers on duty. 3. The capacity planning decision doesn't involve the cost of customer waiting. 4. A low utilisation of an emergency ambulance is required in exchange for the ability to provide assistance on a moment's notice. 5. Increasing service capacity typically results in higher waiting costs and lower service cost.

UNIT 3

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

attainable; execution; to comprise; critical point; counselor; to make sure; to feel secure; measurement; regardless of; target.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

бути високо оціненим; мати справу з; комп’ютерний термінал; порівнювати; встановлювати, засновувати; домашній термостат; виникати, з’являтись; сильний, енергійний, рішучий; виконувати операції (фінансові); зовнішній.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words and word combinations:

associate; to direct; numerical terms; job design; to detect.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. Our marketing manager ___ and executed the conception and distribution of a new product. a) has planned, b) is planning, c) plans.

2. He ___ a lot of time analysing his business recently. a) is spent, b) has spent, c) had spent.

3. The bookkeeper ___ the financial report before he came. a) is preparing, b) had prepared, c) has prepared.

4. The partnership ___ hundreds of items from catalog by the next week. a) have had, b) will have, c) will have had.

5. Computer technologies ___ greatly. a) has changed, b) had changed, c) changed.

Task 5. Write down sentences with the following words and word combinations:

wish; attainable; must; to detect; to deal with.

Task 6. Paraphrase the following sentences using the modal verbs (can, may, must, to have to):

1. I wish the standards pointed out deviations at a critical point. 2. I am sure he is talking with vice-president now. 3. Our company bought this plot of land. 4. The employee will improve his own job methods. 5. He has known about our deal.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. How often, controlling, do people use, in everyday life? 2. Empowering employees, allowing them, to take part more fully, means, in decision-making. 3. Consumer behavior, one of the major courses, has become, in marketing. 4. It seems to me, you can find, that in this book, the explanations. 5. Managers, where the corrective measures, know exactly, must be applied.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Менеджери повинні знати, які саме коригувальні заходи треба вживати. 2. Він опише основні процеси виробництва до поне­ділка. 3. Скільки службовців ви найняли в цьому місяці? 4. Вони підписали контракт до шостої години. 5. Ми можемо розпочати діяльність на внутрішньому ринку з наступного місяця.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. I think that controlling is not a very important function in mana­gement system.__	a) Controlling is primarily for motivating and inspiring people to perform organisation activities.
2. May be, it is so. But could you provide more information about this function of management?__	b) You are wrong, because sys­tems of controlling exist in all spheres of organisation operations.
3. Controlling is а general concept which is applied to both indivi­dual behavior and organisational performance. And what are the main elements of controlling? __	c) OK, the effective function of controlling is influenced by: motivation of staff; the operation of groups and the informal organisation; organisation struc­ture; leadership style and sys­tems of management.
4. Now I agree that controlling can be helpful. What is the effective function of controlling influenced by? __	d) The essential elements of cont­rolling are: planning what is desired; establishing standards of performance; monitoring actual performance;
5. Now I know that all functions of management are important. ___	e) Now you are absolutely right!

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

Controlling is checking to determine whether or not an organisation is progressing toward its objectives and taking corrective action if it is not.

Quality controlling is the measurement of products and services against set standards. Total quality controlling includes planning for quality, preventing quality defects, correcting any defects that occur and a philosophy of continuous effort to build quality into products.

Total quality controlling means building in and ensuring quality from product planning to production, purchasing, sales and service. The firms are taught to: (1) use statistical quality controlling during the process; (2) select supplies based on quality; (3) use statistical methods, not slogans to get quality; and (4) find sources of poor quality and eliminate them.

1. It can be determined whether or not an organisation is progressing toward its objectives by means of controlling. 2. Total quality controlling means building in and ensuring quality from product planning to production. 3. Total quality controlling includes planning for quantity and sales. 4. The measurement of products and services against the standard can be determined as quality controlling. 5. Quality controlling is the measurement of products and sales against set standards.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

operational audit; at any rate; tool; statistical data; economic losses; natural inclination; to contribute to; variety; to lead; supervisor.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

приголомшливий, жахливий; підхід; працівник; об’єднувати; ме­тодика; оцінювати; кількість завдань, робіт; сучасний; підтри­мувати; цифрові терміни.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words and word combinations:

constancy of purpose; to modify; flexible; deviations; common.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. Consumer behavior ___ one of the major courses in marketing. a) was becoming, b) became, c) has become.

2. The managers ___ the business plan by the beginning of activity tomorrow. a) will have explained, b) has explained, c) had explained.

3. I ___ him as a skilled manager for years. a) known, b) have known, c) had known.

4. The team ___ more cooperation and coordination among departments. a) have assured, b) is assured, c) was assured.

5. Before making a decision he ___ hundreds of candidates. a) interviewed, b) has interviewed, c) had interviewed.

Task 5. Write down sentences with the following words and word combinations:

wish; external; may; to lead; at any rate.

Task 6. Paraphrase the following sentences using the modal verbs (can, may, must, to have to):

1. I wish you used a variety of tools and techniques in controlling. 2. I am sure she has been working in this department for all her life. 3. I came in time but I didn’t catch the bus. 4. He will prepare this presentation. 5. They have used the office equipment.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. What are, of tests, the main goals, and control papers? 2. Staff position, advice, facilitates or provides, to line positions. 3. A manager, who can get things done, is a person, though others. 4. Quality of a product, but from improvement, comes not from inspection, of the process. 5. Various tools, have been used, and techniques, in controlling.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Одним із найдавніших засобів контролювання є бюджет. 2. Якби вона не дістала важливу інформацію, вона б втратила роботу. 3. Вони закінчать обговорення нового контракту до по­чатку зустрічі. 4. Скільки нових видів продукції ви запропону­вали в цьому році? 5. Менеджер подякував за те, що ми зробили.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Sorry, I will be very obliged to you if you answer some questions.__	a) Yes, I do.
2. Do you remember that our teacher talked about 5 forms of controlling? ___	b) OK. I’m at your disposal.
3. But I read in a book that some authors identify only three main forms of controlling.___	c) It is really easy to remember these three main forms of controlling.
4. They are: direct controlling by orders, direct supervision, rules and regulations; controlling through standardisation and specialisation; controlling through influencing the way that people think about what they should do.__	d) Can you give me this book? I want to copy the material about management functions.
5. It will be very useful to prepare for our exams together.__	e) And what are they?
6. Yes I can. I’ll bring it to you tomorrow.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

Today's excellent corporations, more often than not, are reflections of their leaders. They have a vision of excellence and have led others to share that vision. Leadership today is not just good management, it is also a matter of establishing values, sharing visions, creating enthusiasm and maintaining focus on a few, clear objectives.

Successful leadership depends largely on who is being led and in what situation. Research supports the notion that different leadership styles ranging from autocratic to employee-controlled may be successful depending on the people and the situation. A manager may be autocratic but friendly with a new trainee; democratic with an experienced employee who has many good ideas that can only be fostered by a manager who is a good listener; and laissez-faire with a trusted, long-term supervisor who probably knows more operations than the manager does.

1. Excellent corporations are reflections of their leaders. 2. Leadership is just good management. 3. Successful leadership depends largely on who is being led and in what situation. 4. A manager may be autocratic but friendly with a new trainee. 5. Research supports the notion that different leadership styles may be successful depending on the country.

UNIT 4

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

brand; to acquire experience; to eliminate; duration; to decline; to go wrong; marketer; to provide additional funds; wholesaler; tax return.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

досягати цілей; споживач; рада директорів; можливий продаж; займатися комерційною діяльністю; задовольняти; початкові вит­рати; зменшувати; акціонер; ринкова стратегія.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words and word combinations:

to be available; division of profit; mature; purpose; to undertake.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. Customers ___ by a stunning effect of that advertisement last year. a) were impressed, b) were being impressed, c) are impressed.

2. Every company ___ to pay tax on the profit. a) had been obliged, b) is obliged, c) was obliged.

3. Several new workers ___ by our boss recently. a) have been employed, b) will be employed, c) are being employed.

4. Tomorrow at the meeting updated financial information ___ by the director. a) was reported, b) will be reported, c) is reported.

5. The article ___ by her now. a) is being written. b) has been written, c) is written.

Task 5. Identify the tense and voice of the following verbs:

have been discussed; will be discussing; had discussed; had been discussed; was being discussed; will discuss; will be discussed; was discussed; is being discussed; have discussed.

Task 6. Change the following sentences using the Passive Voice:

1. They will open this supermarket next month. 2. Mr. Simson founded this cooperative in 2005. 3. You have found a partner to do your business with. 4. We are discussing our problem at this moment. 5. The customers own a cooperative.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The activity, is aimed, of our company, at finding partners abroad. 2. The power, of the board, is in the hands, to run a company, of directors. 3. Why, to keep up, a few more employees, don’t we hire, with the deadline? 4. The process of incorporation, of forming, stands for the process, a corporation. 5. The notion of marketing, and requires, is a broad one, explanation.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Дослідження ринку здійснюють для того, щоб з’ясувати, якими є потреби сучасного споживача. 2. Коли він працював у цій компанії, щорічно вивчав попит споживачів. 3. Не всі власники мають можли­вість отримувати додаткові пільги. 4. Дизайн про­дукції розробляють так, щоб привернути увагу покупця. 5. Якщо власник неспроможний виконати всі фінансові зобов’я­зання, його чекає банкрутство.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello, Peter. It’s so nice to see you. How are you getting on? ___	a) Quite all right, thank you. But I have a little problem with my study. I must prepare a short presentation about organising.
2. Is it a function of management? ___	b) Thank you very much for the information, I think now I will be able to fulfill the task better.
3. I think I can help you.___	c) See you soon!
4. To organise means to create some structure. Organising is a process of creation of an enterprise structure, which enables people to work effectively together for achieving its aims. ___	d) Yes, there are five functions of management and every student in our group has to prepare a talk about a different one, mine is organising.
5. You are welcome. Good bye!___	e) Really? I’ll be grateful for any hint.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

One of the most important elements of success in any organisation is the overall organisational culture. It may be defined as widely shared values within an organisation that provide coherence and cooperation to achieve common goals. Usually the culture of an organisation is reflected in stories, traditions and myths. Disney and McDonald’s are two examples of favorable corporate cultures that lead to successful operations. But an organisational culture can also be negative. As an example we can take any motor vehicle licensing bureau. The clerks seem uniformly glum, indifferent and testy. The very best organisations have cultures that emphasise ser­vice to others, especially customers. The atmosphere is one of friendly, caring people who enjoy working together.

1. Organisational culture is widely shared values within an organisation that provide coherence and cooperation to achieve common goals. 2. Disney and McDonald’s are two examples of favorable corporate cultures that lead to successful operations. 3. The most important element of success in any organisation is the overall organisational culture. 4. An organisational culture can not be negative. 5. Usually the culture of an organisation is reflected in certain regulation rules.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to assign duties; to broaden; employee; a finished good; to levy taxes; marketplace; retirement funds; to predict; supplies; to trade.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

ефективний; діяльність; переоцінити; страхування здоров’я; переваги і недоліки; встигати; роздрібний торговець; збере­ження, утримання доходу; підпорядковуватись; працювати на когось.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words and word combinations:

to affect; co-owner; to distribute; minutes of a meeting; publicity.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. Their goals ___ already. a) are accomplished, b) will be accomplished, c) have been accomplished.

2. The methods of avoiding risks ___ by him last month. a) were being explained, b) were explained, c) are explained.

3. All managers ___ by Monday. a) will have been informed, b) informed, c) are informed.

4. A dozen of candidates ___ before he made a decision. a) had been interviewed, b) are being interviewed, c) is interviewed.

5. At this moment the agreement with another firm ___ by him. a) is signed, b) had been signed, c) is being signed.

Task 5. Identify the tense and voice of the following verbs:

was being presented; will have been presented; has presented; is presented; had been presented; will present; is presenting; will be presented; presented; is being presented.

Task 6. Change the following sentences using the Passive Voice:

1. They have been promoting the new product for half a year. 2. They levy taxes on the specific goods like cigarettes. 3. Yesterday we signed a partnership agreement. 4. Next year they will begin the restructure their organisation. 5. The members of our company were discussing the business plan at this time yesterday.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The duties, are sometimes too complicated, assigned by our boss, to be fulfilled. 2. Running a business, has to cover, an entrepreneur, everyday costs. 3. Is anybody, the minutes, taking down, of the meeting? 4. I would describe, of the company, the policy, as an inflexible one. 5. His firm, our proposition, declined, to cooperate.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Розподіл ринку – це процес поділу ринку на декілька частин, які мають спільні характеристики. 2. Відмова від проведення презентації спричинена фінансовими проблемами. 3. Деякі корпорації займаються благодійною діяльністю. 4. За допомогою рек­лами забезпечується просування продукції на ринку. 5. Його ознайомили з технологією виробництва минулого тижня.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. What are your plans as to your future career? __	a) It’s a good idea. We will have our own corporation!
2. Oh, I have the same idea, but I don’t know how to organise it.___	b) No, partnership means carrying on a common business for shared profit by some persons. A partnership differs from a corporation by the fact that the individuals remain separate in identity and are not protected by limited liability.
3. I think we can help each other. I have some money and you have some knowledge. We can work together.___	c) Corporation is a number of people grouped together in a legally constituted joint enterprise.
4. What is it? I thought that we would have a simple partnership.___	d) I want to start my own business. And what about you?
5. As I know partnership is the same.___	e) It is not a problem. A lot of people became successful without special training. But I don’t have enough money.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

The informal organisation is the spontaneous system of open communications, relationships and power centers that naturally emerges in any group of people. The informal organisation’s center is the “grapevine” or the system of unofficial information flows between and among managers and employees. The key people in the informa­tional system usually have the most influence in the organisation. In the new, more open organisations, where managers and employees work together, the informal organisation can be an invaluable managerial asset that often promotes harmony among workers and establishes the corporate culture. The most important aspects of the informal organisation are: group norms and group cohesiveness.

1. The informal organisation can be an invaluable managerial asset. 2. The key people in the informational system usually rule but have no influence in the organisation. 3. Good cooperation of manager and employee often promotes harmony among workers and establi­shes the corporate culture. 4. Group norms and group cohesiveness are the most important aspects of the informal organisation. 5. The informal organi­sation is not the spontaneous system of open communications.

UNIT 5

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

collateral; demand; accounting; to maintain; policyholders; revenue; to imply; property; to self-insure; treasurer.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

мати підтримку; акційне фінансування; відповідний; представ­ляти; фонди, активи, гроші; зберігати контроль над; вигідні умо­ви праці; посередник; пункт, питання; дозволяти собі (фінансово).

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words and word combinations:

accounts receivable; to expand; stock; to calculate; legal claims.

Task 4. Turn the following sentences into Indirect Speech:

1. He asked, “How to accumulate capital?” 2. The manager said, “The earnings have increased much in comparison with the last year”. 3. He said, “My purpose was to interest bondholders”. 4. She asked, “Have you considered all the financial problems?” 5. The client asked, “What does debt capital comprise?”

Task 5. Turn the following sentences into Direct Speech:

1. The boss informed that we would finish the project till the end of the month. 2. He asked if I knew anything about a new corporate strategy. 3. She was sure that stock exchanges enabled investors to buy and sell securities. 4. I was absolutely sure that the paragon of business did not really exist. 5. He asked how I would define the process of selling accounts receivable for cash.

Task 6. Write down sentences with the following words and word combinations:

balanced sheet; earnings; mortgage on home; hazardous activity; to presuppose.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. She explained, he or she, that if one was a stockholder, might obtain dividends. 2. She said, was considered, that a trade credit, a kind of short-term funding. 3. He stated, had been, that forming a budget, one of the most sophisticated tasks recently. 4. Being a finance manager, that his main task was, he accepted, to deal with short-term funding. 5. The top management announced, would take place, that the meeting, the following week.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Акціонери – власники акціонерної страхової компанії. 2. Різні види позик надають комерційні банки. 3. Купуючи страхові по­ліси своїм підлеглим, можна захистити їх від можливих нещасних випадків. 4. У малому бізнесі часто виникають проб­леми з фінан­суванням. 5. Вона сказала, що необхідно виплатити грошову компенсацію деяким працівникам.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Is it true that you want to be a finance manager? __	a) I’ll be looking forward to meeting you. Good bye.
2. And what is it? ___	b) Financial management is the complex system of firmness, reliability and efficiency of managing by finance.
3. Recently I have heard the term “financial decisions”. Don’t you know what it is? ___	c) You seem to be a good expert in the sphere of financial mana­gement. Let’s meet one day and continue our discussion.
4. Let me add that a corporate investment must be financed appropriately. Since both hurdle rate and cash flows will be affected, the financing mix can impact the valuation.___	d) As I know, it includes forming and planning of financial indexes with the observance of scientific approaches and principles of ma­nagement, balance of income and charges, profitability of work and commodities.
5. Good idea.___	e) Yes, financial management is very interesting and perspective, to my mind.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

A firm can reduce the chance of risk occurring by establishing loss-prevention programs such as fire drills, health education, safety inspections, accident prevention programs and so on. Many retail stores, for example, have mirrors, video cameras and other devices to spot and prevent shoplifting. Water sprinklers are used to minimise fire loss. Most machines have safety devices to protect workers’ fingers, eyes and so on. Many companies have turned to self-insurance because they either can’t find or can’t afford conventional property/casualty policies. Such firms set aside money to cover routine claims and buy only “catastrophe” policies to cover big losses. Firms with huge facilities, in which a major fire or earthquake could destroy the entire operation, usually turn to insurance companies to cover the risk.

1. Many companies have turned to self-insurance because they either can’t or afford conventional property. 2. A firm can reduce the chance of risk by no means. 3. Firms with huge facilities usually turn to insurance companies to cover the risk. 4. Loss- prevention programs serve to reduce the chance of risk. 5. “Catastrophe” policies can cover only big losses.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

commodity; hazardous activity; additional funds; to cut expenses; mutual; to give preference to smth.; proxy; to retire; to venture; bankruptcy.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

накопичувати капітал; звичайний, традиційний; підтримувати, підтверджувати; робота, діяльність фірми; вважати, розглядати; застава будинку; можливі втрати; цінні папери; виплатити; керів­ник вищої ланки.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words and word combinations:

to delay payments; overdue payments; to enable; options; probability of loss.

Task 4. Turn the following sentences into Indirect Speech:

1. She said, “I am deprived of the control over our firm.” 2. She asked, “Is it possible to get acquainted with corporate affairs?” 3. He said, “Perfect financial management should start with planning.” 4. He asked, “What was the outcome of the yesterday’s meeting?” 5. The teacher explained, “A proxy is referred to as a temporary transfer of voting rights from stockholders to managers.”

Task 5. Turn the following sentences into Direct Speech:

1. She said that if you wanted to invest, you would have to accumulate capital. 2. The presenter explained that it was their marketing strategy for the coming decade. 3. He said that a stock certificate sustained the fact that you were a stock owner. 4. They say that discount bonds are sold below face value. 5. She agreed that equity financing had its positive and negative sides.

Task 6. Write down sentences with the following words and word combinations:

a stock exchange; a middleman; external funding; to self-insure; investment; vehicle.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. He said, to arrange, that it had not been easy, the working team. 2. The chief asked, the budget, if we had drawn up, for the next year. 3. She said, could appear, that financial problems, because of poor organisation. 4. The teacher asked, what financial institutions, the students, they knew. 5. It was arranged, our colleague, that we would visit, in hospital.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Ризик визначається загальною сумою втрат. 2. Від несплати необхідних коштів споживачами фірму захищає кредитний стра­ховий поліс. 3. Акціонери отримують дивіденди від доходу фір­ми. 4. Вклад капіталу робиться для одержання доходу. 5. Керів­ник повідомив, що до кінця цього місяця потрібно здати списки усіх працівників фірми.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. It is said that Risk Management is the process of measuring or assessing risk and then developing strategies to manage the risk.__	a) See you later. Bye.
2. In general, the strategies employed include transferring the risk to another party, avoiding the risk, reducing the negative effect of the risk and accepting some or all of the consequences of a particular risk. ___	b) I can make a conclusion that the core of the process is the series of certain steps: establishing the con­text, identifying risk, evaluating it and only then treating.
3. It sounds logical. Don’t you know that all large corporations have risk management teams? ___	c) Will you be so kind as to explain it to me?
4. In practice the process can be very difficult. And balancing bet­ween risks with a high probability of occurrence but lower loss vs. a risk with high loss but lower probability of occurrence can often be mishandled.__	d) But financial risk management focuses on risks that can be ma­naged using financial instruments.
5. Thank you for useful conver­sation. It’s time to go now.___	e) No, but now I know it.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

Insurance is designed to protect us from all kinds of risk. Businesses and nonprofit organisations may offer their employees an array of health care benefits to choose from. Everything from hospi­talisation to physician fees, eye exams, dental exams and presc­riptions can be covered.

Major medical insurance is usually available to cover major long-term illness. Employees may also want accident insurance, cancer insurance and other specialised health insurance policies.

1. We can be protected from risk by means of insurance. 2. Businesses and nonprofit organisations may offer their employees a single type of insurance. 3. Major medical insurance is usually available to cover major long-term illness. 4. There exist some specialised health insurance policies. 5. Major medical insurance is available to cover all possible illnesses.

UNIT 6

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

attribute; assumption; compliance; interpretation; to comprise; to encou­rage; goal; recognition; ordinary; vision.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

готувати, тренувати; відповідь, зворотний зв’язок; справедли­вість; зв’язний; виконувати, втілювати в дійсність; сповнений рішучості; повага; невтручання; гнучкий; підтримувати, зберігати.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

to adapt; forecast; supervisor; to anticipate; outcome.

Task 4. Identify the form and voice of the following Infinitives:

to sustain, to be sustained, to have been sustained, to have sustained, to be sustaining.

Task 5. Identify the type of the Infinitive Complex:

1. I saw him write the letter. 2. He was seen to send the email. 3. The message was too difficult for me to understand it. 4. She happened to know the situation well. 5. I let them go home.

Task 6. Complete the following sentences using different types of Infinitive Complexes:

1. It is necessary for me ___. 2. We were considered ___. 3. He is said ___. 4. We thought them ___. 5. You should like the manager ___.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. Is there, between a manager, any difference, and a leader? 2. The company, the plan, is now carrying out, set at the last meeting. 3. Most people expect, for their work, to get a reward. 4. He seems, the organisational, to be planning, vision. 5. Many, are said, successful psychologists, to possess empathy.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Працівники цінують керівника за демократичний стиль управ­ління. 2. З думкою про те, що вроджені таланти треба розвивати, погоджується більшість вчених. 3. Під час засідання він розхви­лювався і покинув зал. 4. Схоже, що він стане лідером. 5. Зда­ється, що вона не отримала електронну пошту.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. What theme did you choose for your diploma work? ___	a) I have a lot of information about it. And I can explain to you what human resource mana­gement is.
2. Why? It is so complicated and not understandable! ___	b) I want to write about human resource management.
3. Oh, please, do it. ___	c) Human Resource Management (HRM) is both an academic theory and a business practice. The employees are firstly human, and secondly should NOT be treated as a basic business resource.
4. And what about academic theory and critical theory? What are the differences? ___	d) Yes be sure, I just want to add that some critics have noted that in practice, the department or manager who used to have “Personnel Manager” on their door, has now changed that sign to "Human Resource Manager" and that is the only change.
5. And is it true that rhetoric has had an important consideration within the understanding of critical theory, of the rhetoric and realities of HRM. ___	e) The basic premise of the academic theory of HRM is that humans are not machines. Critics of HRM, have noted that HRM suffers from the problem of the connotation of its own name, treating humans as a resource.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

Employee compensation is one of the largest operating costs for many organisations. The long-term success of a firm – perhaps even its survival – may depend on how well it can control employee costs and optimise employee efficiently. Examples of organisations that have recently struggled with high employee costs include those in automobile and steel industry.

Organisations usually ask employees to take reductions in wages to make the firm more competitive or risk going out of business and loosing their jobs forever. Many employees agree. So, the competitive environment is such that compensation and benefit packages are being given special attention to and are likely to remain of major concern in the near future.

1. Organisations usually ask employees to take reductions in wages once a year. 2. The competitive environment is not going to remain long. 3. Employee compensation is one of the largest operating costs for many organisations. 4. The long-term success of a firm depends on how well it can control employee costs. 5. The steel industry is working with employees on new compensation packages to be more competitive.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

challenge; to accomplish; cohesive; to distinguish; to implement; feedback; to maintain; skill; performance; in order to.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

керівництво, влада; політика; сміливість, мужність; загальний, спільний; мета, завдання; повага; добровільний, невимушений; вплив; справедливий, заслужений; винагорода.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

to assess; charisma; efficient; democratic; to provide.

Task 4. Identify the form and voice of the following Infinitives:

to have been reimbursing, to be reimbursing, to reimburse, to be reimbursed, to have been reimbursed.

Task 5. Identify the type of the Infinitive Complex:

1. He was noticed to write the report. 2. I heard him sing the song. 3. She proved to know English well. 4. I forced them to buy the new equipment. 5. They waited for me to speak.

Task 6. Complete the following sentences using different types of Infinitive Complexes:

1. It is better for him ____. 2. They are known ____. 3. He is reported ____. 4. We believed him ____. 5. You wanted her ____.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The friends, in many things, had common interest. 2. The recognition, was obvious, of our competitor’s products. 3. Many people, to be encouraged, feel the need, and developed. 4. The exhibition, to begin, is expected, in time. 5. Are there, to develop, any ways of training managers, effective teams?

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Мотивації персоналу посприяло підвищення зарплати. 2. Рек­ламну кампанію ми розпочали минулого місяця. 3. Нові ідеї було впроваджено нами. 4. Здавалося, що вони їх не бачать. 5. Наші працівники змогли виявити підробку.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. I say, do you happen to know that Human Resource Manage­ment Systems (HRMS), Human Resour­ce Information Systems (HRIS) shape an intersection in between human resource mana­gement (HRM) and information technology? __	a) Of course I know. It merges HRM as a discipline and in particular its basic HR activities and processes with the informa­tion technology field.
2. Oh, I see you have read this article too. Was this information new for you?___	b) As for me, the most important function of human resources is still to a large degree administra­tive and common to all organi­sations, isn’t it?
3. … and that the linkage of its financial and human resource modules through one database is the most important feature, which makes this software application both rigid and flexible.___	c) Yes, the most interesting for me was the fact that these ERP systems have their origin on software that integrates informa­tion from different applications into one universal database.
4. Me too. We seem to have common interests. Shall we meet some other time to continue our talk?___	d) Keep in touch!
5. Good luck! See you.___	e) With pleasure. It was really a professional discussion!

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”.

One of the primary value components of service chain mana­gement is management of perishability. It is used to minimise the negative impact of idle time on the productive capacity of the distributed service workforce.

The productive capacity of a service worker is limited to the time he or she is at the customer site with the right tools and skills and knowledge.

For the mobile workforce, managing perishability has two foci. The first is a time allocation system. The dynamic allocation of jobs among workers minimises idle time.

Managing perishability also involves the process of training, refining and extending skills and capabilities of workers.

1. Managing perishability has three functions. 2. One of the primary value components of service chain management is manage­ment of perishability. 3. The main function of the management of perishability is to minimise the negative impact of idle time. 4. The dynamic allocation of jobs among workers maximises idle time. 5. Managing perishability also involves the process of training and extending skills and capabilities of workers.

UNIT 7

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

array; to emphasise; lack; appropriate; level; success; creation; performance; failure; technique.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

мета; набувати; формувати; бухгалтерський облік; володіти; керівник; метод; невдача; бути обізнаним; творчий.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

creation; accounting; concern; to establish; to develop.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. He had the important information ____. a) gathered, b) gathering, c) being gathered.

2. ____ the research, they started analysing its results. a) accomplished, b) accomplishing, c) having accomplished.

3. ____ the dates of the meeting, every director could come. a) being planned, b) having planned, c) having been planned.

4. When ____ for you I read an interesting article. a) waiting, b) having waited, c) being waited.

5. He saw the colleagues ____ their goals. a) having been achieved, b) being achieved, c) achieving.

Task 5. Supply the missing forms of Participles of the verb to manage:

Participle 1			Participle 2
	Active Voice	Passive Voice
Present
Perfect

Task 6. Put questions to the underlined words:

1. The top manager went on speaking about the current company problems. 2. You have some questions to ask me. 3. I will drop in to you in the evening. 4. We have four questions on the agenda. 5. He was absent yesterday because of his personal problems.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The level, often influences, at which manager operates, his skills and functions. 2. At the base, there are, of the managerial hierarchy, the first-line managers. 3. Top managers, the performance, are responsible for, of all departments. 4. Top managers, the success, are ultimately responsible for, or failure of an organisation. 5. Different managers, and exhibit, emphasise different activities, different management styles.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Відсутність хоча б однієї менеджерської навички може призвести до невдач. 2. Щоб функціонувати продуктивно, команда повинна бути згуртованою. 3. Нестача концептуальних навичок може значно впли­нути на виконання роботи менеджера. 4. Менеджер завжди повинен пам’ятати довготермінові цілі організації. 5. Менеджери різних рівнів використовують різні методи керування.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello, Nick! Haven’t seen you for ages! ___	a) The personal and professional skills of managers.
2. Oh, really? What was it about? ___	b) You are welcome, good bye.
3. Was it interesting? ___	c) It’s not known yet, but as soon as I get the information, I’ll tell you.
4. When will the next seminar be?___	d) Oh, yes. Besides, it will be rather helpful for my future career.
5. Thank you very much then, see you later.___	e) Hi, Karen! I’ve been abroad for a while, visiting a seminar in Warsaw.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Customer contact personnel should have special personality attributes that include flexibility, tolerance, an ability to monitor and change behaviour on the basis of situation and empathy for customers. The last attribute has been found to be more important than age, education, sales-related knowledge, sales training and intelligence.

Some individuals may find front-line service to be boring and repetitive, whereas others see the job as providing an opportunity to meet and interact with a variety of people. Those with the necessary interpersonal skills may gravitate toward high-contact service jobs, but a selection process still is required to ensure high-quality moments of truth.

1. Customer contact personnel should not have special personality attributes. 2. Customer contact personnel should have an ability to monitor and change behaviour. 3. Empathy for customers is not an important attribute of a manager. 4. All people find front-line service to be boring and repetitive. 5. A selection process is not required to ensure high-quality moments of truth.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

department; to establish; to pursue; supervisor; concern; chief executive officer; appropriate; to reduce; goal; to fine-tune.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

виробництво; розрізняти; набувати; товари і послуги; наголошувати; бути відповідальним; оцінювати; визнавати; вдосконалення; зрештою, кінець кінцем.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

to improve; success; to be responsible for; to pursue; ultimately.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms (a, b, c):

1. ____ everything in advance, he achieved the best results. a) having planned, b) planning, c) planned.

2. The decision ____ they agreed to take a day off. a) having made, b) being made, c) having been made.

3. The road ____ we had to get to the central bank on foot. a) repaired, b) being repaired, c) repairing.

4. She had her project ____. a) developing, b) having developed, c) developed.

5. The person ____ this task is very responsible. a) carrying out, b) carried out, c) having been carried out.

Task 5. Fill in the missing forms of Participles of the verb to introduce:

Participle 1			Participle 2
	Active Voice	Passive Voice
Present
Perfect

Task 6. Put questions to the underlined words:

1. Mr. Smith is in charge of this project. 2. They will arrive in Lisbon on Monday morning. 3. They reached the decision as a result of long negotiations. 4. You can improve your interpersonal skills by improving your communication skills. 5. Last month I was on holidays.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The central concern, is the creation of the smoothly functioning, of CEO, of the top management team. 2. In any organisation, a number of, there are, departments. 3. People, in a department, working together, possess a similar skill. 4. Managers, effectively, perform the tasks, and efficiently. 5. To be efficient, with the minimum waste, to achieve goals, means, of resources.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Головний адміністратор – це людина, яка займається керівництвом компанією. 2. Кожен менеджер повинен вдосконалювати свої знання та навички. 3. Директор наголосив на основній проблемі засідання. 4. Топ-менеджери, зрештою, відповідають за успіх чи невдачі організації. 5. За рахунок наймання на роботу кваліфікованих працівників якість продукції значно зросла.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello, how are you doing? ___	a) I don’t know, there are lots of questions to be discussed.
2. What is it about? ___	b) You are welcome, good bye.
3. When will you be free? ___	c) Yes, tomorrow will be much better.
4. Is it possible to meet with you tomorrow?___	d) I’m fine, thank you. I’m hurrying for the meeting.
5. Thank you very much then, see you later.___	e) The CEO is gathering all the top managers; we are to hand in annual reports.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Most training manuals and employee handbooks for customer-contact personnel are developed to explain the technical skills that are needed to perform the jobs. They often detail clearly how to fill out guest reports, use cash registers, dress properly and enforce safety requirements. First of all, customer interaction skills involve being pleasant and smiling, understanding social and moral norms, special needs of customers. Unavoidable communication difficulties with customers require contact personnel whose training and interpersonal skills can prevent a bad situation from becoming worse.

1. Most training manuals and employee handbooks for customer-contact personnel do not explain the technical skills. 2. The technical skills are not needed to perform the jobs. 3. Customer interaction skills involve being pleasant and smiling. 4. Employee handbooks often detail clearly how to fill out guest reports and use cash registers. 5. Employee handbooks seldom detail clearly how to dress properly and enforce safety requirements.

UNIT 8

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to account for; conclusion; exploration; informative; to market; refinement; research question; to select; to survey; to research on.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

прихильність; відстоювати; очікування; конфліктувати; послідовний; у результаті; опитувати після виконання завдання; етична дилема; стимул; моральна коректність.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

sequence; merger; outcome; survey; inference.

Task 4. Identify the form and voice of the following Gerunds:

analysing, having conducted, being evolved, having been explored, researching.

Task 5. Transform the sentences using the Gerund instead of the Infinitive:

1. She likes to analyze information 2. They began to advocate their opinion. 3. They began to communicate during last month. 4. He likes to explain the situation. 5. He intends to adjust data.

Task 6. Transform the sentences using the Gerundial phrases:

1. He thinks he will research the foreign market. 2. Before he came to the office, he met his friend. 3. He insisted that he should be acquainted with all members of the team. 4. She insisted that she should consult the special literature sources. 5. He insisted that he should be informed about latest events.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. Research, from its participants, demands ethical behaviour. 2. Ethics, that guide, are norms or standards of behaviour, moral choices. 3. Unethical activities, and include, are persuasive, violating nondisclosure agreements. 4. The researcher, some, should follow, ethical guidelines. 5. All subjects, in order, to put the experiment, should be debriefed, into context.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Ми спостерігаємо драматичні зміни у бізнесовому середовищі. 2. Розвиток організації відображає соціальні та економічні реалії суспільства. 3. Сучасний менеджер потребує постійного оновлення знань. 4. Методи дослідження сприяють розвитку знань. 5. Вам необхідні навички та вміння вирішення проблем.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A	B
1. Hello Helen! How are you and what are you doing in our company? __	a) So, my task is to conduct nonverbal, linguistic and physical condition analysis and advise the methods of improvement.
2. Thanks, good. I say, we have a special research department in the company. Why do they invite other experts? __	b) My task is to observe the internal working environment: to collect data visually, analyze them and prepare special recommendation for impro­ving the situation in the company.
3. I see. The Board of directors wish to have independent opinion. It’s not a bad idea. You know, very often we have different kinds of clashes. ___	c) Thanks. And how about lunch in the company’s canteen?
4. OK. Good luck with your research. ___	d) Bye.
5. Well, Let’s meet at 12 o’clock downstairs. See you then, bye! ___	e) Hello Bob! Thanks I am fine. You know I am invited to conduct a special research. And how are you?

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

An independent contractor who specialises in human resources issues, has been asked by “TTO” company to undertake an independent study of its employees performance evaluation practices. “TTO”, a non-profit organisation, is a professional review organisation in the health care industry. Most of its revenue comes from government contracts for Medicare and Medicaid utilisation reviews.

Accurate performance appraisals are important. They provide feedback on an employee’s contribution to the company and the annual appraisal score is used to determine merit raises. But evaluators are occasionally late with their evaluations. And managers may attempt to raise their own department’s status. So the company invited an independent contractor.

1. An independent contractor specialises in financial resources issues. 2. “TTO” is a profit organisation. 3. Most of its revenue comes from government contracts. 4. Inaccurate performance appraisals are important. 5. But evaluators are frequently late with their evaluations.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

accountant; to enhance; facet of the problem; to inquire; market research; plausible; sample; statement; to witness; research process.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

прибічник; запізніла думка; упередженість; примушування; прихову­вати; обман; звільнення; етичний кодекс; спонукати; спотворення фактів.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

inquiry; to witness; strength and weakness; selection; research.

Task 4. Identify the form and voice of the following Gerunds:

having analyzed, being conducted, having been evolved, exploring, having researched.

Task 5. Transform the sentences using the Gerund instead of the Infinitive:

1. He likes to conduct research himself. 2. They started to market the products in Ukraine. 3. They began to explore foreign markets. 4. He likes to violate the rules. 5. He proceeds to misrepresent the information.

Task 6. Transform the sentences using the Gerundial phrases:

1. Before he started on a research, he defined the main goals and objectives. 2. They think they will proceed tomorrow. 3. After he inquired customers, he forecasted sales decrease. 4. She insisted that she should be explained all the rules of corporate ethics. 5. Before he prepared presentation, he consulted many specialists.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. Unethical activities, breaking, include, respondent confidentiality. 2. The government, many types, forbids, of medical research. 3. Ethical research, personal integrity, requires, from the researcher. 4. The actual purpose, from the respondents, must be concealed, of your study or experiment, and benefits, to avoid introducing bias. 5. An experiment, should be redesigned, or interview, to reduce, reliance on deception.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Дилемою управління називається проблема, що вимагає управлінсь­кого вирішення. 2. Він застосовує науковий підхід до вирішення проблем. 3. Дослідження у бізнесі забезпечують інформацію, необхідну для прийняття рішень. 4. Дослідник використав різні аналітичні методи. 5. Вони чітко висвітлили основні результати дослідження.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Our manager has recently collected data about internal and external market. Can you tell us why? ___	a) Well, he is going to research the demand and supply and answer all possible questions: Who? What? When? How? and Where?
2. And what is he interested in? ___	b) I hope so, but I am afraid that advertisement research will be the next step.
3. So, what is the main aim of the project? ___	c) There are a number of problems in the company. For example, the sales decrease and he tries to understand the reasons.
4. And do you think the market research will help? ___	d) He is starting a new project and tries to study the present situation.
5. And what about the costs? ___	e) So far, it’s cost us about 10 thousand dollars.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Many organisations use opinion surveys as one part of their evaluations of managers or executives. The people being evaluated often wonder how fair these processes are. In particular they wonder if they somehow get lower ratings in case they strictly enforce rules or set high standards of work. In universities the same problem affects instructors, who complain about the student evaluations of the instructors and their courses. In particular, they complain that when instructors make students work hard, the students give them low ratings.

1. Many organisations use opinion surveys as one part of their evaluations of managers or executives. 2. In particular people wonder if they somehow get lower ratings in case they strictly enforce rules or set high standards of work. 3. In universities the same problem affects students, who complain about the instructors evaluations of the students. 4. In particular, students criticise instructors when they make them work hard. 5. In particular, instructors complain that when they make students work hard, the students give them high ratings.

UNIT 9

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to assume; to derive; to confuse; advanced; to convey; bribe; definite; diverse; gesture; biased.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

штовхати; вважати; ефективний; зменшувати; ставлення; впливати; особливий; поза, положення; рух; прогресивний.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

to reduce; domestic; to hire; to assume; to adopt.

Task 4. Transform the sentences using the Infinitive and its complexes:

1. He has confused different cultures. He is sorry of this. 2. She keeps to the national traditions. She is proud of it. 3. We suppose that he will know the peculiarities of non-verbal communication. 4. It is expected that the meeting will begin in time. 5. She raised her eyebrows. I saw it.

Task 5. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Gerund with the expression “looking forward”:

1. He wants to use technological advances in communication very much. 2. She wanted to be successful in communication with customers very much. 3. We want to communicate with our foreign partners very much. 4. I want to be a productive worker very much. 5. She wants to work harmoniously with those from other cultures very much.

Task 6. Transform the following sentences using the Participle phrases and its complexes:

1. When we arrived in Bangkok, we understood the cultural differences between western and eastern people. 2. We visited the exhibition which was opened a week ago. 3. He spoke and rubbed his hands. 4. I saw them as they were discussing the problem of misunderstanding. 5. They were signing the agreement. I saw it.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. Two major kinds, affect communication, of cultural differences. 2. Culture, has been defined, many ways, in. 3. You, to communicate, with people, will have, from other countries. 4. Communicating, your productivity, across cultures, effectively improves. 5. A study, begins, of a role of culture, in communication, with two statements.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Очікується, що ця тенденція продовжуватиметься в майбутньому. 2. Рухи тіла – це вид невербального спілкування. 3. Нашій культурі притаманна звичка зорового контакту. 4. Багато підприємств продають свої товари та послуги на міжнародному ринку. 5. У нашій культурі усмішки позитивно сприймаються у більшості ситуацій.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello! I heard you’ve been in Japan recently. __	a) Yes, and this difference is great!
2. Did you realise the difference between Western and Eastern culture? __	b) To avoid misunderstanding one should remember that he or she is a guest in a foreign country.
3. And what should a person be aware of while travelling to the East? __	c) Yes, I’ve been there for two months on a business trip.
4. And what can you advise to avoid misunderstanding? __	d) Quite right.
5. I think you are right. Before going to another country it would be useful to learn about its cultural peculiarities. __	e) For the first one should be aware of the life philosophy of Eastern people.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Your work in business will involve communication – a lot of it – because it is the major and essential part of business. Because communication is so important in business, businesses want and need people with good communication skills. But very often they do not get them, however, because most employees, even the college trained, do not have appropriate communicative skills. Among the recent studies that support this observation, perhaps the most notable one reports that one of the four major criticisms of today’s college trained people is their poor communication and interpersonal skills. This study reports that the shortcomings are in both oral and, especially written communication.

1. Your work in business will involve communication. 2. Commu­nication is not important in business. 3. The college trained employees have appropriate communicative skills. 4. This study reports that the shortcomings are only in oral communication. 5. Businesses want and need people with good communication skills.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to break down; despite; habit; inconsequential; edict; peculiar; value; to arch; to fold; handshaking.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

спілкування; частина; упереджений; агресивний; жест; кивати; етикет; ввічливий; слабкий; голос.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

belligerent; to emphasise; gesture; to arch; to regard.

Task 4. Transform the sentences using the Infinitive and its complexes:

1. It is assumed that some gestures and movements differ in different countries. 2. She has not studied the communication peculiarities of this country. She is sorry of this. 3. She keeps to norms of professional behaviour. She is proud of it. 4. It is expected that you will know the code of professional conduct. 5. He hunkered. I saw it.

Task 5. Paraphrase the following sentences using the gerund with the expression “looking forward”:

1. I want to create a comfortable workplace very much. 2. They want to study the role of culture in international communication very much. 3. We want to sign the contract very much. 4. She wants to discuss questions concerning the culture diffe­rences very much. 5. You wanted to take the floor during the meeting very much.

Task 6. Transform the following sentences using the Participle phrases and its complexes:

1. When she understood the corporate rules, she improved her commu­nication style. 2. As the agreement was signed, we went to have dinner. 3. The man who is hunkering is our boss. 4. He spoke and jerked his head to one side. 5. They were shaking hands. I saw it.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. To an Australian, the two-fingered “victory”, has, sign, the most vulgar meaning. 2. Touching, and particularly handshaking, differences, to understand, are important. 3. People, in their postures, also express, themselves. 4. The position, differ, and movements of the body, by culture. 5. An up-and-down movement, means “yes”, in our culture, of a head.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Невербальне спілкування – це спілкування, що відбувається без слів. 2. Деякі з цих рухів не мають точного значення навіть у межах однієї культури. 3. Невербальне спілкування сприяє кращому порозумінню між людьми. 4. Рухи певних частин тіла є необхідною формою людського спілкування. 5. Жест “ОК” – прийнятний у США, але образливий у Росії.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. You know, I’m writing an article about the role of culture in international communication. Have you got any ideas about this? __	a) It is that culture is an agreed-upon set of rules that consists of different components.
2. I think the first one is that culture is often improperly assumed to be cause of miscommunication. And what about another one? __	b) The second one is that everyone must take care not to overgeneralise the practices within a culture.
3. But the culture has been defined in many ways. Is there any definition derived from anthropology? __	c) You’re quite right. It says that culture is a way of people life.
4. But what is the more contemporary definition? __	d) Well, a study of the role of culture in international communication begins with two qualifying statements.
5. And what are those components? __	e) As far as I know these components range from inconsequential edicts about handshaking to more cosmic ideas about the existence of God.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

In oral communication the cycles can go on indefinitely. In sharp contrast, written communication may end after a single cycle. This is the example of how one imaginative mother used a written communication to assure the second cycle o communication. The mother was having difficulty in getting her college-student son to answer her letters. She wrote regularly but rarely received a reply. In desperation, she resorted to psychology. She wrote the usual letter filled with news from home. Then she ended with a reference to an enclosed check and instruction to “use it as you like”. She mailed the letter, but she didn’t include the check. In short order the son responded. His letter was filled with a kind of information mothers like to hear. At the end was a thank-you for the check, “which must have been forgotten, so please send it.” The son got the check, the mother got the letter and, of course a second communication cycle occurred.

1. In oral communication the cycles can’t go on indefinitely. 2. The mother used a written communication to assure the second cycle of communication. 3. The mother didn’t have difficulty in getting her college-student son to answer her letters. 4. She included the check into the letter. 5. Son’s letter was filled with a kind of information mothers like to hear.

UNIT 10

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to fall within; ongoing; to put out; attempt; transaction; to generate; distinction; to result in; static; to survive.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

необхідність, нагальна потреба; наявний, доступний; підтримувати, сприяти; доставка, постачання; взаємодіяти; обмін; період становлення; порівняльний; інформація, дані; торгівля, комерція.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

opportunity; retailer; business; advantage; effort.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms:

1. If he ____ (know) how to use IT, he would have received that job. 2. He insisted that the contract ____ (read) aloud. 3. If I were you, I ____ (not sign) this contract. 4. But for the globalisation, the competition ____ (be) so widespread. 5. He acts as if he ____ (be) in charge.

Task 5. Transform the sentences with the following beginnings without changing their meaning:

1. I wish I hadn’t heard that! – You’d rather ___. 2. He doesn’t know all the answers, though he pretends to. – He acts as if he ___. 3. The management insisted on our discussing ongoing projects. – The management insisted that we ___. 4. Is it better for us to use IT? – Would we rather___? 5. I recommend you to determine your goals. – You had better ___ your goals.

Task 6. Decide whether each sentence is grammatically possible or not:

1. It was urgent that he called her immediately. 2. But for you helped us, we would have taken much longer. 3. If only I had used electronic commerce, this wouldn’t have happened! 4. I’d rather go into business last year. 5. I wish we had discussed that project last month.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. Businesses use IT, that occur, to perform functions, in business. 2. All this information, of competitive, is a part, intelligence. 3. In today’s information-based environment, is a key, knowledge, to success. 4. In that definition, information, you can find, information technology, three key resources –, and people. 5. Many people, is the key resource, information technology, believe that, in MIS.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Компанії у всьому світі використовують інформацію, щоб отримати конкурентну перевагу. 2. Кожній системі притаманні головні та друго­рядні завдання з оброблення інформації. 3. Управлінська система міс­тить у собі три головні ресурси – інформацію, інформаційну техно­логію, людей. 4. У бізнесі наслідком реклами може бути колосальне зростання або статичний обсяг продажів. 5. Електронна комерція – це нова сфера бізнесу.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hallo! It’s nice to see you. Where have you been? ____	a) I won’t receive a job of a manager unless I know how to use IT.
2. What did they teach you? _____	b) Thank you, good bye.
3. What for do you need it? _____	c) You see, in today’s business world successful businesses do business electronically.
4. Now I understand. _____	d) Hi, I was taking computer courses.
5. Good luck. _____	e) To use information technology tools.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Does it sound like some bold statements? Not actually; it’s simply the reality of today’s business world. Businesses that have realised the true value of information are succeeding today; businesses that haven’t, unfortunately, cannot expect to survive much less succeed. What does all of this mean for you? Think about your major. Whether it’s marketing, finance, accounting, productions and operations management, human resource management or any other specialisations in a business program, you are preparing to enter the business world as a skilled worker. Simply put, an intelligent and skilled worker works with and produces information as a product.

1. Today businesses are using information to succeed. 2. Whatever specialisation it is in a business program, you will enter the business world as a skilled worker. 3. Skilled worker doesn’t deal with information. 4. The task of a skilled worker is to produce information-based products. 5. Businesses that have realised the true value of information cannot expect to survive much less succeed.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to embark on; to guess; distributor; to aggregate; instance; to shape; a great deal of; huge; primarily; retailer.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

попереджати про щось; базувати; записувати, зафіксувати; сила, фактор; нагода, шанс; обробляти; зберігати; підводити підсумок; здобувати, отримувати; переміщатися.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

commerce; telecommuting; predetermined; to capture; infancy.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate verb forms:

1. I’d rather ____ (go) into business last year. 2. If the company ____ (know) about its competitors, it wouldn’t have been put out of business. 3. After conversation with the boss, he looked as if he ____ (get) promotion. 4. If the company ____ (use) the Internet it could reach more potential clients. 5. It was ordered that all the employees ____ (learn) to use IT.

Task 5. Transform the sentences with the following beginnings without changing their meaning:

1.I don’t want to go to the meeting. – I’d rather ___. 2. You regret not starting your own business. – I wish ___ my own business. 3. It would be better if we inform our supplier about changes. – We’d rather ___. 4. You should use Internet to succeed in business. – You’d better ___. 5. The customers prefer to purchase products and services at lower prices. – The customers would rather ___ products and services at lower prices.

Task 6. Decide whether each sentence is grammatically possible or not:

1. But for the interorganisational system, the organisations couldn’t exchange documents so easily. 2. If only I had enough time! 3. If you didn’t lend us money, we would have gone to the bank. 4. She urged that we find another alternative. 5. It was very important to delay discussion.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. IT systems, to the success, are fundamental, of an organisation. 2. MISs, in many, provide reports, different forms. 3. Among the different types of systems, that help, are, that information, people access, management information systems. 4. Electronic commerce, both internal, supports, and external business functions. 5. Thousands of businesses, of the Internet everyday, are taking advantage, to perform, electronic commerce.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. У 1950 роках компанії вперше почали широко використовувати комп’ютери, як знаряддя для запису і роботи з бухгалтерськими операціями. 2. Тисячі компаній використовують Інтернет кожного дня, щоб здійснити електронну комерцію. 3. Глобалізація та електронна комерція зробили інформацію, яка передається через засоби зв’язку, необхідністю для всіх організацій. 4. Електронна реклама цілком відрізняється від інших форм реклами, таких, як телебачення та радіо. 5. Для успіху компанії важливими є інформаційні технологічні системи.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hallo, Kate! Don’t you know what electronic commerce means? ____	a) They use electronic commerce to support both internal and external business functions.
2. Do you think successful businesses act upon electronically?____	b) Hi, David! I guess I do. Electronic commerce means doing business electronically or with the aid of technology.
3. In what ways? _____	c) I think, they do.
4. Such as ordering products and services, moving money electronically, telecommuting. Am I right?_____	d) You are welcome.
5. Thank you for useful information. ___	e) Yes, you are right.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

In preparing to enter today’s fast-paced, ever-changing and exciting business environment, you need to understand the new thinking in business. To do that, let’s examine some of the most important factors shaping today’s business and the many changes that have come about as a result of those factors. There are six factors including globalisation, competition, information as a key resource, the virtual workplace and telecommuting, electronic commerce and skilled worker computing. These and other factors have created dramatic changes in the workplace. Some of these factors are external forces that have provided outside pressure and have forced organisations to change within. Others are simply internal results of external pressure.

Why is it important for you as a skilled worker to understand these factors? Simply put, they translate into a substantial opportunity for you, if you understand them and prepare through your education to take advantage of them.

1. There are seven factors that shape today’s business. 2. To enter today’s business world, you don’t have to know the new thinking in business. 3. Globalisation is one of the factors that has changed the workplace. 4. The outside pressure has been caused with external forces. 5. External forces have forced organisations to change within.

UNIT 11

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

asset; discreet; to involve; to poach; to target; brief; criterion; search engine; applicant; to shrink.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

суперник, конкурент; хатина; застарілий; зменшувати, стискати; допо­магати; сприяти; засоби; відповідний; виявлятися; присвячений.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

competitor; issue; applicant; means; static.

Task 4. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate grammar forms (a, b, c):

1. If we ____ different ways of job hunting, we will succeed. a) use, b) used, c) would use.

2. Involvement of different means of job hunting is a good idea, if you ____ to find a new job in the shortest time. a) want, b) wanted, c) had wanted.

3. If he ___ his ideas briefly and concisely, he would be the most suitable candidate for this job. a) present, b) presents, c) presented .

4. If I ___ a head-hunter, I would be more discreet. a) was, b) will be, c) were.

5. If his company ___ some preventative techniques, they wouldn’t have lost so many employees. a) had, b) had had, c) would have.

Task 5. Match the sentences and join them with conjunction if:

1. I will try to follow instructions.	a) Mike was here.
2. There would be less pollution.	b) I had a million pounds.
3. I wouldn’t have bought it.	c) I hadn’t seen the product advertised.
4. I would probably start my own business.	d) People used public transport.
5. He would know what to do.	e) You tell me what they say.

Task 6. Choose the correct grammar forms:

1. I (be surprised) if she (manage) to sell that car today. 2. I (need) some money if we (go) out tonight. 3. If you (look) in the top drawer, you (find) your passport yesterday. 4. It (be) quicker if you (use) a computer. 5. If you (not be) so busy, I (show) you how to pay tomorrow.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. How does, and where do, headhunting work, head-hunters work? 2. The process, is usually called, of finding possible candidates, for a job or function, recruitment. 3. A person, can mean the difference, who already has the needed knowledge, between a successful, and an unsuccessful project. 4. The time factor, also very important, is. 5. In earlier times, with certain duties and responsibilities, jobs were static, without interconnection to other jobs.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Підбиранням працівників займаються менеджери з персоналу. 2. Однією з причин “полювання за спеціалістами” є економія коштів. 3. Пошук праців­ників передбачає подання оголошень про вакансії в газети. 4. Кожна фірма має власні критерії оцінювання кандидатів на посаду. 5. Перед праце­влаштуванням кандидати проходять випробувальний термін.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello, Sam! Listen, don’t you know what headhunting means? ___	a) I think that you’d better ask some specialists because I am not competent enough in this sphere.
2. Is it just for famous chief executives? ___	b) You are welcome, good bye.
3. Why is it so? ___	c) No, I don’t think so. Being headhunted is for young bloods as well. Don’t you know that all over the world many companies use executive search consultants to find senior people?
4. And what is the item to start with while using this service? ___	d) Because it is a system that gives a new career opportunity.
5. Ok, I will do this, thank you for useful information, see you later.___	e) Hi, Alex! An interesting question! As far as I know, headhunting is the process of finding possible candidates for a job.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Headhunting is a widespread practice – not just where up-and-coming young managers and high-profile chief executives are concerned. Nine hundred of the top 1,000 companies employ the services of executive search consultants to recruit their senior people and recent trends show growing numbers of both smaller companies in the private sector (accountants, lawyers, surveyors, architects, private hospitals and media) and public sector offices (local authorities and government departments) turning to executive search firms.

1. Nowadays just a few companies employ the services of executive search consultants. 2. Headhunting results in growing numbers of both smaller companies in the private sector and public sector offices. 3. Headhunting is a widespread practice in which only high-profile chief executives are concerned. 4. Companies employ the services of executive search consultants to recruit their senior people. 5. As a rule, head-hunters are highly qualified and skilled professionals.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

coincident; to grant; issue; to prevent; to advertise; concise; essential; portfolio; to seek; to recruit.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

непорушний, статичний; очікуваний; полегшувати, сприяти; завойову­вати; кандидат, претендент; вербувати, наймати на роботу; законний, правовий; присвячений; випадковий; наділяти.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

hut; legal; to shrink; novitiate; search engine.

Task 4. Fill the spaces with the appropriate grammar forms (a, b, c):

1. If we ___ one more assistant, we will call you. a) needed, b) need, c) will need.

2. If Ann ___ that you were working for a headhunting agency, she would never talk with you. a) knows, b) has known, c) knew.

3. If I ___ an employer, I would try to find someone who has preferred qualifications. a) was, b) were, c) will be.

4. If job advertisement ___ so expensive, they would have been longer in its content. a) were not, b) hadn’t been, c) are.

5. If a person has certain knowledge or highly wanted skills to fulfil the job, he __ certainly ___ . a) will succeed, b) would succeed, c) succeed.

Task 5. Match the sentences and join them with conjunction if:

1. We could have given you a lift.	a) You press the switch button.
2. We would have to pay for parking.	b) He didn’t work all the time.
3. I could work this out a lot quicker.	c) We took the car.
4. The computer comes on.	d) I had a calculator.
5. He wouldn’t be such a boring person.	e) We had known you were coming this way.

Task 6. Choose the correct grammar forms:

1. If I (hear) any news yesterday, I (tell) you immediately. 2. If she (win) the lottery, she (buy) a new house. 3. If I (be) you, I (leave) an hour earlier to be sure of getting to the interview in time. 4. If you (pay) the telephone bill on time, your phone (not be cut) off. 5. If they (work) all day, they (be tired) now.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. Most often, already have a job, these people. 2. And the companies, which persons are valuable, usually know about the fact, and attractive to other companies. 3. Inside an organisation, human resource managers, which is looking for recruits, deal with this task. 4. One can also go, or Curriculum Vitae, and hand out résumé, to prospective employers. 5. Job hunting, of looking for employment, is the act.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Спеціалісти, за якими полюють, становлять інтерес для конкуруючих фірм. 2. Особа, за якою полюють, має певні знання і досвід, а також хороші ділові контакти. 3. Рекрутингові агентства спеціалізуються в певній галузі діяльності. 4. Ваше резюме викликало зацікавлення та було відібране серед інших. 5. Одним із методів пошуку роботи є повідомлення знайомих і друзів про це.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue, using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello! Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? __	a) I was given a piece of advice. Besides, I have found that large international companies offer not only excellent training but a ready-made network of contacts around the world.
2. But as I remember, you were searching for a job.__	b) With pleasure! Let’s do this tomorrow.
3. What did they tell you? __	c) Of course yes, especially if you are searching for a good job.
4. Did you find it interesting and useful? __	d) I was on a meeting conducted by the leading head-hunter agency of our city.
5. It is quite an interesting thing. Maybe we will go next time together.__	e) Right. But such meetings usually give you new career opportunity.

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

An unexpected phone call offering a plum job with another firm isn’t always just a matter of chance. Some pieces of advice to those hoping hit the headhunt trail can be useful. First, start out with large international companies. They offer not only excellent training but a ready-made network of contacts around the world. Secondly, ensure you are noticed by superiors. Head-hunters frequently find people through referrals from a source, usually a more senior person who suggests suitable names. Thirdly, make an impression outside your company. The research departments of search firms take note of executives mentioned in the press and trade journals.

1. The advantage of dealing with large international companies is that they offer an excellent training and a ready-made network of contacts around the world. 2. An unexpected phone call offering a plum job with another firm is always a matter of chance. 3. Try to do your best in order to be noticed by superior. 4. Those who hope to hit the headhunt trail must start with the small companies in order to get some experience. 5. It is worth making a good impression outside your company as the head-hunters usually take note of executives mentioned in the press and trade journals.

UNIT 12

TEST 1

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

concept; to base; generalisation; ineffective; participative management; acknowledgement; adviser; to influence; masterpiece; scholarship.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

корисність; іти у відставку; заслуга; спадкоємець; невдоволення; визначати; межі; здійснювати; адміністративний; посилення.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

initiation; domination; marginal; to attach; cycle.

Task 4. Write down complex sentences with subject clauses using the following conjunctions, conjunctive pronouns and adverbs:

who; whose; where; that; whether.

Task 5. Identify the type of the following Adverbial clauses:

1. I’ll do this task when it is clarified. 2. I have found the room, where we can talk. 3. We did not sell all the goods, because our advertisement was worth nothing. 4. If you had read this article, you would have been able to answer all questions of your competitor. 5. Whatever you do, we are ready to help you.

Task 6. Write down complex sentences with 1) subject clause, 2) predicative clause, 3) object clause, 4) adverbial clause, 5) attributive clause.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. He, more than 350, has written, scientific works. 2. Oleh Kuzmin, and talented, a versatile scientist, is, pedagogue. 3. I am busy, an article, writing. 4. The scholar, over 30 monographs, has published, and books. 5. Eight candidate dissertations, under, have been successfully defended, his supervision.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Він захистив докторську дисертацію і отримав звання й посаду професора. 2. І. Вернадський вірив у можливість покращання умов проживання людей. 3. Г. Цехановецький займав посаду ректора у Харківському університеті. 4. Учений не погоджувався з класичним підходом до вивчення економіки. 5. Г. Цехановецький заявляв, що історичний підхід до економіки має таке саме значення, як анатомія чи фізіологія для медицини.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Hello! Can I speak to Martha? ___	a) You are welcome at any time.
2. This is Oleg. I wonder if you’ve got some information about Ukrainian economists. ___	b) Oh, I am afraid I have not. But I can look for it in the Internet.
3. I am interested in I. Vernadskyy and M. Ziber. Do you have any information about them? ___	c) Call me tonight.
4. I would be very grateful to you. ___	d) Let me see… Oh, yes, I have something.
5. If you don’t mind, I will call at 9 p.m. __	e) Hi, Martha is speaking!

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

Milton Friedman is the twentieth century's most prominent economist, advocate of free markets. He was born in 1912 to Jewish immigrants in New York City. There were four children in his family. He attended Rutgers University, where he received his B.A. at the age of twenty, then went on to earn his M.A. in the University of Chicago in 1933 and his Ph.D. in Columbia University in 1946. In 1951 Friedman won the “John Bates Clark Medal” honouring economists under age forty for outstanding achievement. In 1976 he won the Nobel Prise in economics for his demonstration of the stabilisation policy complexity. Before that time, he had served as an adviser to President Nixon and was the president of the American Economic Association in 1967. Since retiring from the University of Chicago in 1977, Friedman has been a senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University.

1. M. Friedman advocates free markets. 2. At the age of twenty he received his M.A. from the University of Chicago. 3. In 1976 he won the “John Bates Clark Medal” for outstanding achievement. 4. M. Friedman has demonstrated the stabilisation policy complexity. 5. He was an adviser to President Klinton.

TEST 2

Task 1. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words:

to confirm; costs of production; to improve; introduction; production scheduling; eminent; aspiration; margin; a man of influence; veto.

Task 2. Give English equivalents of the following words:

наступник; визнавати; успадкування; призначення; економічний цикл; нормативний розподіл прибутку; виробник; покласти початок; удосконалений; господарський розрахунок.

Task 3. Give the definitions of the following words:

cost; accumulation; to define; grudgingly; masterpiece.

Task 4. Write down complex sentences with subject clauses using the following conjunctions, conjunctive pronouns and adverbs:

who; whose; where; that; whether.

Task 5. Identify the type of the following Adverbial clauses:

1. They have found the page, where all the rules are clarified. 2. He will read this report, after he gets it. 3. The results were so poor, that they did not want to discuss them. 4. She wrote as many invitations, as she could. 5. They tried to work in the European market, though it was difficult.

Task 6. Write down complex sentences with 1) subject clause, 2) predicative clause, 3) object clause, 4) adverbial clause, 5) attributive clause.

Task 7. Rearrange the following jumbled words into sentences:

1. The question was, who was responsible, for all this. 2. She, where to invest, advises clients, their money. 3. It is very important, this economic reform, that you implement. 4. All managers, influential, must be. 5. He was, of great scholarship, a man.

Task 8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Науково-дослідна діяльність професора О. Кузьміна стосується розв’язання теоретичних та прикладних питань менеджменту. 2. В Інтернеті можна знайти дуже цікаву інформацію, що стосується наукового доробку О. Кузьміна. 3. Він бере активну участь у багатьох міжнародних конференціях. 4. Науковець опублікував понад 350 наукових праць. 5. О. Кузьмін – це багатогранний науковець, талано­витий педагог, мудрий керівник та організатор.

Task 9. Make up the dialogue using phrases from both columns:

A.	B.
1. Good morning! ___	a) M. Tuhan-Baranovskyy was an economist. Besides, he took the post of Minister of Finance in the Ukrainian Central Rada.
2. What can I do for you? ___	b) Haven’t you heard that name?
3. Is he a writer or a poet? ___	c) Good morning!
4. I’m afraid, not. What is he? ___	d) Oh, thank you. If you don’t mind, I will make the copies of some pages.
5. I think we can help you. Here you can find the information about famous people of our country. ___	e) I have to prepare a review about M. Tuhan-Baranovskyy. Can you help me to find some information about him?

Task 10. Read the text and mark the statements given below “true” or “false”:

John Keynes was born in 1885 in an academic family. At the age of 9 he entered St. Faith’s preparatory school and in 1894 he topped the class for the first time and received a prise for mathematics. The following year Keynes was admitted to Eton. He did well at Eton and was the first in mathematics, history and in the English essay. In 1902 he won a scholarship of King’s College, Cambridge, in mathematics and classics. He had many interests at Cambridge beyond his academic work, spending much time with literary friends, reading and involving himself in political activity. In August 1906 he entered the India Office, but that department did not provide a career to J. Keynes liking. He worked mostly on his own work, devoting all his spare time to the study of the theory of probability. Later J. Keynes taught economics at Cambridge. J. Keynes published papers in statistics. He also wrote on economics related to India and published a major book “Indian Currency and Finance” in 1913.

1. He topped the class for the first time and received a prise for physics. 2. At Eton J. Keynes was the first in mathematics, history and in the English essay. 3. He spent much time with literary friends, reading and involving himself in political activity. 4. At the India Office J. Keynes worked mostly on his own, devoting all his spare time to the study of the theory of numbers. 5. He wrote on economics related to India and published a major book “Indian Currency and Finance” in 1913.