- •Contents
- •I. The study of languages and literature
- •II. English and american literature
- •III. Vocabulary Предисловие
- •Структура и содержание пособия
- •Методические указания студентам
- •Работа над текстом
- •Как пользоваться словарем
- •Основные трудности при переводе английского текста на русский язык
- •Каковы основные типы смысловых соответствий между словами английского и русского языков?
- •Exercises
- •Text 2. Descriptive, historical and comparative linguistics
- •Text 3. Applied linguistics
- •Text 4. Why we study foreign languages
- •Text 5 aspects of language
- •Text 6 parts of speech
- •Text 7 russian language
- •Text 8 languages of russia
- •Text 9 about the english language
- •Text 10 strong language
- •Dialogue I
- •Is that a threat or a promise darling? Look, I’m off, I haven’t got all day.
- •Dialogue II
- •I wonder if you’d be kind enough to get me a size 18 in this …if it’s not too much trouble, that is.
- •18? We don’t do extra-large, lug. Sorry. You want the outsize department.
- •Text 11 types and genres of literature
- •Do we really need poetry?
- •Reading detective stories in bed
- •Books in your life
- •Writing practice: Short story
- •Complete the story using the appropriate form of the verbs in brackets.
- •Look at the checklist below and find examples of these features in the story:
- •Connect the following sentences with the sequencing words in brackets. Make any changes necessary.
- •Rewrite these sentences to make them more vivid and interesting foe the reader. Replace the underlined words with words from the box. Make any changes necessary.
- •Text 12 philologist
- •A good teacher:
- •Is a responsible and hard-working person
- •Is a well-educated man with a broad outlook and deep knowledge of the subject
- •English and american literature
- •2. The Middle Ages
- •Geoffrey Chaucer
- •Chaucer's Works
- •3. The Renaissance
- •Renaissance Poetry
- •4. William Shakespeare
- •The Comedies
- •The Histories
- •The Tragedies
- •The Late Romances
- •The Poems
- •The Sonnets
- •From Classical to Romantic
- •The Reading Public
- •Poetry and Drama
- •Daniel Defoe
- •New Ideas
- •6. The Age of the Romantics
- •The Writer and Reading Public
- •Romantic Poetry
- •The Imagination
- •Individual Thought and Feeling
- •The Irrational
- •Childhood
- •The Exotic
- •7. The Victorian Age
- •The Novel
- •Oscar Fingal o'Flahertie Wills Wilde
- •Life and Works
- •Poetry of the First World War
- •Drama (1900-1939)
- •George Bernard Shaw
- •Life and works
- •Stream of Consciousness
- •9. Historical Background of American literature.
- •Benjamin Franklin
- •10. Romanticism in America
- •11. Critical Realism
- •Mark Twain (1835-1910)
- •О. Henry
- •Jack London
- •Theodore Dreiser
- •Vocabulary
Books in your life
Do books make up a significant and necessary part of your life? What other things that make up your life are significant? Do you agree that few things are more significant of a man’s interest than the books on his shelves?
Do you consider books a means of relaxation? What kind of books and under what circumstance are considered a means of relaxation/ a means of education/ a means of broadening your mind? What books give you aesthetic pleasure?
Do you agree with the definition of an educated man: “An educated man is one who can entertain a new idea, entertain another person and entertain himself”? What is your definition of an educated man? Is it easy to define a book? Try to think of your definition of a good book/ a bad book? Do you agree with S/ Maugham who said: “Reading doesn’t make a man wise, it only makes him learned”?
Do favourite books vary in different age group? Methods of teaching literature have varied over the years, haven’t they? Do you sometimes vary in your opinion on some book with your best friend/ lecture/ parents?
What is your attitude towards poetry/ science fiction/ non-fiction/ memoirs/ detective stories/ travel books/ historical novels/ bedtime reading?
When you read a novel what do you focus your attention on – the style or the plot? What do you focus your attention on while reading a detective story? While reading a poem do you focus more on the form or on the subject-matter?
Do you read books during intervals between your classes Are these intervals long enough for that? What do you do during intervals of leisure? What kind of books do you read then?
Do detective stories make you forget troublesome realities of life? What books do you read to cheer and amuse yourself? Do you find Dickens’ novels amusing? Who is your favourite humorous author? What is the most amusing story you’ve ever read?
Can you get along without books? For how long? What books can you get along without? Do you believe you can get along without textbooks? Make a list of books modern civilization cannot get along without.
Who in your opinion is the best Soviet poet/ playwriter/ writer? What are your views on science fiction? Do you consider it serious literature or just a means of relaxation? What does a science fiction story usually focus on? Do you have any ideas for a science fiction story?
Writing practice: Short story
The main features of a good story are that it tells the events clearly and has a beginning, middle and end, and that it is interesting to read. When writing a story, remember to:
organize your ideas into clear paragraphs
begin by setting the scene; give some details about when and where the story takes place and who the main characters are
use a variety of past tenses
use a mixture of direct and reported speech
use sequencing words
use adjectives to make the story more exciting
bring your story to a definite conclusion
You are going to write a story following these instructions.
You have decided to enter a short story competition. The rules say that the story must end with the following words: «Finally, I had managed to explain the mystery.” Write between 120 and 180 words.
Before you write your story, do the following exercises.