Exercises

I. Underline suffixes and prefixes in the following words, state to what part of speech these words belong and translate them into Ukrainian/Russian:

obvious, unproductive, association, cultural, insufficient, historic, importance, development, existence, improbability, doubtful, edible, doubtless, commonly, originate.

II. Translate the following English words and word combinations into Ukrainian/Russian:

corn belongs to the tropical plants; well adapted; a temperate zone; to

reach the best development; a grass; timothy and wheat; fibrous roots;

to be spread several feet in the ground; the stem is made of nodes and

internodes; different varieties of corn; a lard fibrous coat; a soft and

spondy pith; a hollow stem; the height of the plant; to vary; climatic

requirements; rainfall; a growing period; an abundance of warm

weather; rapid growth; to mature the various corn varieties; to increase

the production of corn; very early maturing hybrids; to use for silage.

III. State the functions of infinitives in the following sentences.

Translate them into Ukrainian/Russian:

1. To know how a plant grows is very interesting.

2. To know how a plant grows we should study its structure.

3. A student of agriculture studies botany to know how a plant grows.

4. He has studied botany long enough to know it well.

5. This soil is to poor to give high yields.

6. It is important to know the conditions necessary for the best development of this plant.

7. To absorb plant nutrients from the soil the plant must have roots.

8. To solve this problem is very important in order to get higher yields.

IV. Translate the following sentences. State the functions of the italicized words.

1. This plant was planted 3 month ago.

2. The tree planted by you cannot make a normal growth, as certain elements of plant food are deficient in this soil.

3. We planted many trees in this town.

4. They have planted a new variety of corn at their farm.

5. Many trees have been planted in the streets of our town this year.

6. The planted trees must be watered.

V. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian/Russian. Pay attention to the translation of Participle I and Participle II used as an attribute or as an adverbial modifier

1. The structure of this plant studies by professor Nikitin was described to the students studying in our group.

2. Domestic animals consuming grain and forage crops produced by the soil supply us in turn with food and clothing.

3. The raw materials (сырье ) produced by this farm are delivered (to deliver-направлять) to the mill producing textiles.

4. Plant nutrients absorbed by the roots are transferred to the other parts of the growing plant.

VI. Put questions up to this text.

Lesson 10

CORN

Soil.Corn is reported to produce a larger total yield than that of the other cereals. It does best in warm, rich, moist, well-drained loam, soils. It would also grow, if the land were light and poor, but it makes really good growth only on deep rich soils.

Everybody knows soil fertility to be more important with corn than in the growing of many other cultivated plants. Corn land must be sufficiently well drained to allow a free circulation of air. The soil must be compact enough to retain moisture yet should be fine and mellow enough so that the roots may easily penetrate it.

Planting. The time of planting varies with the location as well as the condition of the soil. To choose a proper time for planting corn is very important for securing good results.

It is useless to plant corn until the soil becomes warm enough; the farmer cannot expect corn to do well if it is planted in cold wet ground. Seed that would normally germinate would be lost if it were planted under improper conditions. The most convenient time to start planting corn in the northern parts of the USA is thought to be that of planting potatoes.

The depth of planting is known to vary with the condition of the soil. The seed must be planted deep enough to get sufficient moisture for its germination, but it is not necessary to plant it deeper.

Words and word combinations to be learnt:

loam soils	суглинистые почвы
drain, v well-drained	дренировать, осушать хорошо осушенный (дренированный)
circulation, n	циркуляция
to retain moisture	удерживать влагу
fine soil	мелкокомковатая почва, мелкозем
mellow soil	хорошо разделенная мягкая почва
penetrate, v penetration, n	проникать проникновение, просачивание
secure, v	гарантировать
germinate, v germination, n	прорастать (о семенах);пускать ростки прорастание семян