Section 3

EXERCISE 1. Spell and translate the words transcribed below:

EXERCISE 2. Choose Ukrainian analogues to match the terms:

collector amperage positive neutral diaphragm

electric label dynamo battery pole

generate kilowatt contract transformer cycle

communication electronic apparatus generating station relay voltage

EXERCISE 3. Guess the meaning of the derivatives below by singling out their roots:

plastic, transformer; pressure; rotate; amperage; static; de-energized; thermionic; voltage; terminal; oppose; condenser; primary; passed; portable; lightning

EXERCISE 4. Pick out the terms corresponding to the Ukrainian ones below:

збільшувати (2) випрямляч опір підсилювати (2) заземлення змінний / постійний струм проводити (струм) притягувати несправність підводити (струм) напруга запобіжник(пробка) постачати (енергію)

заряд(жений) решітка споживати потужність мережа портативний коло, схема вхідний/вихідний електроінструмент переривчасте електричнеколо вмикач, перемикач електричне коло сполучення

провід, дріт (3) трансформатор послідовне / паралельне вмикати/вимикати лампа розжарювання обмотка перегорати (про лампу) вивід, полюс (2) коротке замикання

EXERCISE 5. Shorten the sentences to the rate of useful information:

1. Thousands of years ago, man discovered that when amber is rubbed with fur or cloth it will attract small light objects.

2. Any material that will allow electricity to flow through it is called a conductor.

3. A dynamo is a machine that makes electricity when it is made to rotate, or turn, at high speed.

4. Around the poles of a magnet is an area called magnetic field in which the magnet exerts its attraction.

5. The amount of electricity that flows called current, is measured in units called amps.

6. The current and the voltage multiplied together determine the power, the rate at which the electrical energy is used up by being converted to other forms of energy.

7. Conductor wires, or leads, in any piece of electrical apparatus or installation must not be allowed to touch each other, or any other metal part.

8. There are very many different kinds of switches ranging from a micro-switch, which is very sensitive, to the large and complicated ones that are used for high voltages and are sometimes known as circuit breakers.

9. Some complicated pieces of electrical apparatus, for example radio and television receivers do not use alternating but direct current.

10. When the overhead cables reach the area where the electricity is required for use, the voltage must then be carried by much heavier conductors, which have to be well insulated and are therefore more costly.

11. A simple thermionic valve is called a diode because it has two electrodes: the cathode, which is negative, and the anode, which is positive.

EXERCISE 6. Divide the text into portions according to the sense and entitle them

EXERCISE 7. Parts of the text are mixed up. Arrange the portions consequently according to the contents.

EXERCISE 8. Write the summary of the text and prepare an oral report: “The Nature of Electricity”.

EXERCISE 9. A. Translate the text “Solar Energy”.