- •Okcp № 1
- •Okcp № 2
- •Okcp № 3
- •Part 1. Present Simple и Present Continuous
- •Part 2. Present Simple в придаточных времени и условия.
- •Part 3. Способы выражения будущего времени.
- •Okcp № 4
- •"Used to" и "would" для выражения повторяющегося действия или обычного состояния в прошлом.
- •Okcp № 5
- •Independence day
- •Okcp № 6
- •Страдательный залог
- •Okcp № 7
- •Phoenix ’96 festival (reviews)
- •Albums in brief
- •Okcp № 8
- •Правило согласования времен.
- •Отклонения от правила согласования времен.
- •Okcp № 9
- •Okcp № 10
- •Повелительные конструкции в косвенной речи.
- •Глаголы речи.
- •Okcp № 11
- •Ex. 2. Listen to the dialogue ‘The Shopping List’ and then prepare it for acting.
- •Ex. 4. Listen to the dialogue ‘At the Bank’ and prepare it for acting.
- •Ex. 5. Listen to the dialogue ‘The Wrong Change’ and prepare it for acting.
- •Formation
- •Verb forms in the passive voice.
Formation
Active Voice: The fire destroyed the factory completely.
Passive Voice: The factory was completely destroyed by the fire.
Verb forms in the passive voice.
Present Simple |
Producers make horror films every year. |
Horror films are made every year. |
Present Progressive |
We are removing the furniture right now. |
The furniture is being removed right now. |
Past Simple |
The technician repaired my TV yesterday. |
My TV was repaired yesterday. |
Past Progressive |
The police were pursuing the thief when there was an explosion. |
The thief was being pursued when there was an explosion. |
Present Perfect Simple |
We have finished these reports. |
These reports have been finished. |
Past Perfect Simple |
They had made a statement in Parliament before the war broke out. |
A statement had been made in Parliament before the war broke out. |
Future “will” |
An expert will make a speech on technology tomorrow. |
A speech on technology will be made tomorrow. |
Going to |
They are going to hire a new employee. |
A new employee is going to be hired. |
Future Perfect Simple |
I will have typed my thesis by next month. |
My thesis will have been typed by next month. |
Present Infinitive |
We ought to finish the building before the end of the year. |
The building ought to be finished before the end of the year. |
Perfect Infinitive |
We should have finished the building earlier. |
The building should have been finished earlier. |
-ing form |
We all appreciate other people helping us. |
We all appreciate being helped. |
Modal verbs |
You must clean your room. |
Your room must be cleaned. |
Imperative |
Please fill in this form |
This form should/must be filled in. |
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• The Present, Past and Future Perfect Progressive and the Future Progressive are not used in the Passive Voice.
• By + agent is used to emphasise who does or what causes the action. The new tax law was announced by the Prime Minister.
Note the following changes in: |
Active voice |
Passive voice |
Verbs with two objects
|
He gave her a painting. |
She was given a painting. A painting was given to her. |
Question words (what, who, when, where, why, how)
|
Who composed this song? |
Who was this song composed by? (informal) By whom was this song composed? (formal) |
Not…any ~ no not... .any of -- none of not.... anyone/anybody -- no-one/nobody not… anything ~ nothing |
The head teacher didn’t expel any of the students. They didn’t find anything in the excavations. |
None of the students was expelled.
Nothing was found in the excavations. |
make, hear, help, see, etc. |
I heard her scream. |
She was heard to scream. |
believe, consider, expect, find, hope, know, report, say, think, understand
|
People say that he is very wealthy.
People say that he was very wealthy. |
It is said that he is very wealthy. He is said to be very wealthy. He is said to have been very wealthy. |
verbs with prepositions |
They separated him from his parents when he was young. |
He was separated from his parents when he was young. |