Вариант 2

1). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните форму инфинитива Indefinite Infinitive. Укажите залог инфинитива: действительный (Active) или страдательный (Passive):

1. This program is planned to be carried out within two months.

2. Our delegation would like to negotiate on this project.

3. This problem is told to be paid much attention to.

4. John is going to prove his theory at the next meeting.

2). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните форму инфинитива Perfect Infinitive. Укажите залог инфинитива: действительный (Active) или страдательный (Passive):

1. The manager didn’t want these items to have been discussed before completion of the project.

2. The renovated building seemed to have acquired a unique architectural outlook.

3. The custom ordered the cargo to have been unloaded till the clearance.

3). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните объективный инфинитивный оборот (Complex Object):

1. The defendant is sure to win the case. I heard his lawyer speak in the court.

2. The jury is considered to be honest and incorruptible.

3. We expect him to bring a counterclaim against the plaintiff.

4. I suppose the talks to start just upon his arrival.

4). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните субъектный инфинитивный оборот (Complex Object):

1. The company’s performance is reported to be quite successful this year.

2. The weather is unlikely to change for the better. It’s coming down.

3. Our society seems to get used to any kinds of violence.

5). Перепишите следующие сложноподчинённые предложения с обстоятельственными придаточными. Укажите вид придаточного в каждом предложен (времени, условия, места, образа действия, придаточные сравнения):

1. In order to do the marketing research, they should analyze a great deal of data collected.

2. As soon as the business plan is ready, he will distribute the copies among all the members.

3. As there was delay for more than two months, the penalty had been paid without any counterclaims.

4. The force major circumstances may occur to everyone no matter where one is.

5. Tough the translation of the article left much to be de sired, they understood it.

6. They raised the taxes so high, that they didn’t make any sense.

7. Peterson pretended to be strong and smiling as if he were not facing that trouble.

8. The students didn’t write the tasks, as the tutor assigned.

9. As soon as the up-to-date machinery is supplied, they will start the reconstruction of the plant.

10. If the payment is transferred, the transaction will be fulfilled within half an hour.

6). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните причастие настоящего времени (Participle I). Укажите инфинитив глагола, от которого оно образовано:

1. The policeman went up to the man standing next to the car.

2. People smoking so much can’t be healthy.

3. While looking through the documents, he found several errors in them.

4. Not knowing the working instructions, we couldn’t use the equipment.

7). Перепишите следующие предложения, переведите их, подчеркните причастие прошедшего времени (Participle II). Укажите, в какой функции оно употреблено:

1. The match cancelled last week will be held next Sunday.

2. We enclose a list of goods damaged in transit.

3. We shall be all present at the meeting appointed for the next Thursday.

8). Перепишите следующие условные предложения, переведите их. Укажите подтип каждого из них (реальное или нереальное):

1. If I had known his address last year I’d have written to him.

2. He wouldn’t have gained so much weight if he had followed a keep-fit program.

3. If I had got a lot of exercise I wouldn’t have fallen ill last year.

4. If I were you, I would pay more attention to this phenomenon.

9). Перепишите и письменно переведите текст «FOREIGN TRADE AND INVESTMENTS». Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания из текста:

transnational corporation (TNC) — транснациональная корпорация;

multinational corporation (MNC) — многонациональная корпорация;

subsidiary — дочерняя компания, филиал;

intra-industry trade — внутриотраслевая торговля;

differentiated products — дифференцированные продукты;

intra-firm trade — внутрифирменная торговля;

Inter-enterprise division of labour — внутрифирменное разделение труда;

labour intensive production — трудоёмкий этап производства;

market fluctuations — колебание цен на рынке;

to recycle waste — перерабатывать отходы;

social product — общественный продукт;

resource-saving technologies — ресурсосберегающие технологии.

FOREIGN TRADE AND INVESTMENTS

The world economy is increasingly becoming a single economic unit. Individual national economies are developing closer linkages through trade, capital investment, and financial institutions. Multinational corporations spread their activities across national boundaries, and the international banking system carries on banking activities throughout the world.

During the last two decades, while world output has been growing about 4% per year, world trade has been growing about 8% and production by foreign subsidiaries has been growing by some 10%. Export and import shares of output have increased considerably in practically all-industrial sectors. A growing percentage of world trade is becoming intra-industry trade (reflecting economies of scale and increased demand for differentiated products) and even intra-firm trade by transnational firms (reflecting decomposition of production activities around the world).

The inter-enterprise international division of labour influences relations between developed and developing countries primarily because the giant international companies transfer certain labour intensive production phases or whole production cycles to the developing countries where a cheap and sufficiently qualified (literate, easily teachable) labour force is already available.

The closer integration of developed countries steps up the further progress of the division of labour and facilitates its better organization. The major part of the worldwide demand for new machinery and equipment that accelerate industrial-technological development is met by industrially developed countries. International exports of armaments continue to be an important factor for increasing their exports as well.

The weight of developing countries in world trade is gradually declining. In the seventies, the newly independent states played an important role in the world economy and international politics. Their share in world production increased, and they were able to launch a campaign for a new international order. Almost all over the developing countries world foreign mining concessions were nationalized, raw material prices rose sharply, and the industrialized states become more heavily dependent for raw material supplies on the former colonies. However, using their economic might and technological superiority, they have created and perfected new forms of enslavement: technological, food and financial. They have managed to integrate the developing countries’ economies yet more fully into the world capitalism economy and thus made them more vulnerable to market fluctuations. After the rise in the price of raw materials the West took measures to economize on raw materials, develop resource-saving technologies, and synthetic structural materials, recycle waste matter and extract its own minerals. This led to a reduction in the utilization of raw materials per unit of social product and diminished the West’s dependence on supplies of raw materials from Asia, Africa and Latin America.