- •Isbn 5-94962-075-5
- •Isbn 5-94962-075-5 © т. Ю. Дроздова, а. И. Берестова, в. Г. Маилова, 1996-2004
- •The verb
- •2. There is (are)' construction
- •Interrogative and negative forms
- •3. The verb то have"
- •4. English tenses active
- •Indefinite
- •5. The indefinite (simple) forms 5.1 the present indefinite (simple) tense
- •5.2 The past indefinite (simple) tense
- •Irregular Verbs
- •5.3 The future indefinite (simple) tense
- •Interrogative
- •I won't work (shan't)
- •6. The continuous forms
- •6.1 The present continuous tense
- •Verbs not used in the continuous form
- •6.2 The present continuous and present indefinite (simple)
- •6.3 The past continuous tense
- •6.4 The past continuous and past indefinite (simple)
- •I past ф indefinite
- •Озорник
- •6.5 The future continuous tense
- •Interrogative
- •6.6 Revision
- •7. The perfect forms
- •7.1 The present perfect tense
- •Interrogative
- •7.2 The present perfect and past indefinite (simple)
- •Yesterday
- •7.4 The future perfect tense
- •Interrogative
- •8. The perfect continuous forms
- •8.1 The present perfect continuous
- •Inclusive
- •Exclusive
- •8.2 The present continuous and present perfect continuous
- •8.3 The present perfect and present perfect continuous
- •8.4 Revision
- •8.6 The past continuous and past perfect continuous
- •Affirmative
- •The future perfect continuous tense
- •9. The revision on tenses
- •Несчастный случай.
- •Покупая книги.
- •10. Tests
- •11. Talking about the future
- •11.1 Present tenses (I am doing/I do) with a future meaning
- •11.2 "То be going то..."
- •11.3 The future indefinite (simple)
- •11.5 Revision
- •1. General rules
- •2. Revision
- •3. Tests
- •1. Indirect statements
- •Who Has the Last Say?
- •2. Indirect command and request
- •Study the following chart
- •3. Indirect questions
- •3.1. Indirect general questions
- •3.2. Indirect special questions
- •4. Revision
- •Совет врача.
- •Подарок из Чикаго.
- •Пикник на одеяле.
- •The passive voice 1. The formation of the passive voice
- •2. Uses of the passive voice peculiar to the english language
- •How the Other Half Lives.
- •3. Revision
- •Частная жизнь Хэмфри Богарта.
- •4. Tests
- •The use of the subjunctive mood
- •1. Conditional sentences
- •1.1 Revision
- •1.2 Test
- •2. Making a wish
- •3. Revision
- •4. Tests
- •1. Definition
- •Неужели разве
- •2.1 Revision
- •4. Must
- •4.1 Revision
- •5. Should and ought
- •6. Need
- •7. Revision
- •Новое платье Луны.
- •Персики.
- •8. Tests
- •The noun
- •1. Formation of nouns
- •I. Noun-forming suffixes
- •II. The most common prefixes
- •III. Compound nouns
- •2. Classification of nouns
- •Nouns which are singular in form but plural in meaning "nouns of multitude"
- •3. The category of number
- •4. The category of case
- •The genitive
- •5. Tests
- •1. The use of articles with common nouns
- •1.1 The use of the indefinite article (a/an)4
- •Вот это здоровье!*
- •1.2 The use of the definite article (the)
- •1.3 The zero article basic uses of the zero article (-):
- •A Bad Customer.
- •Thank You, I Feel Much Better.
- •1.4 Revision
- •2. The use of articles with nouns of material and abstract nouns
- •The Luncheon.
- •3. The use of articles with proper nouns
- •3.1 Geographical names
- •3.2 Names of persons
- •3.3 The use of articles in the names of places, some buildings, public organizations, etc
- •3.4 Revision
- •4. Special difficulties in the use of articles
- •The use of articles with the nouns
- •Names of Seasons.
- •Bed, School, Prison, Town.
- •Day, Night, Morning, Evening.
- •Names of Meals.
- •5. The use of articles with nouns in some set expressions
- •I. The use of the indefinite article with nouns in set expressions
- •II. The use of the definite article with nouns in set expressions
- •III. Nouns in set expressions used without an article
- •6. Tests
- •1. Classification of pronouns
- •1.1 Personal and possessive pronouns
- •6. Possessive pronouns are often used before the names of the parts of the body, clothing. Things belonging to a person, etc. In this case they are not translated into Russian:
- •1.2 Reflexive pronouns
- •1.3 Demonstrative pronouns
- •1.4 Interrogative pronouns
- •1.5 Defining pronouns
- •1.6 Indefinite and negative pronouns
- •1.7 "Much/many", "little/few", "a little/a few"
- •2. Tests
- •1. Formation of adjectives
- •3. The comparison of adjectives common comparative and superlative forms:
- •Comparative and superlative forms often confused:
- •4. Tests
- •1. Definition and forms
- •2. Classification of adverbs
- •2.1. Adverbs of manner
- •2.2 Adverbs of time
- •2.3 Adverbs of frequency
- •2.4 Adverbs of place and direction
- •2.5 Adverbs of degree, measure and quantity
- •Justly Punished.
- •A Safe Place.
- •Can We Go Home, Please?
- •2.6 Viewpoint adverbs
- •He просите комнату с видом из окна.
- •3. Revision
- •4. Tests
- •The verbals (the Non-finite Forms of the Verb)
- •1. The gerund 1.1 forms. Tense/voice distinctions
- •The Indefinite Gerund
- •The use of the gerund
- •1.3 Verbs used with the gerund and the infinitive
- •1.4 The gerundial construction
- •1.5 The gerund and the verbal noun
- •1.6 Revision
- •1.7 Tests
- •2. The infinitive
- •2.1 Forms. Tense/voice distinctions
- •2.2 The use of the infinitive without the particle to* (The Bare Infinitive)
- •2.3 The functions of the infinitive in the sentence
- •2.3.1 Revision
- •2.4 The infinitive constructions
- •2.4.1 The complex object
- •I saw him entering the shop. (This action was in progress when I saw him).
- •Revision
- •2.4.2 The complex subject (the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive)
- •Revision
- •2.4.3 The for-to-infinitive construction
- •Sentence patterns with the for-phrase
- •1. The Subject4
- •4. The Adverbial Modifier of Purpose
- •5. The Adverbial Modifier of Result
- •Revision
- •2.5 Revision
- •2.6 Tests
- •3. The participle
- •3.1 Forms and functions
- •3.2 The functions of the participle in a sentence
- •3.3 Russian equivalents of participles used as attributes
- •3.4 Russian equivalents of participles used as adverbial modifiers
- •Revision
- •3.5 Have something done
- •3.6 The absolute participial construction
- •3.7 Revision
- •3.8 Tests
- •Some confused or confusing elements of english grammar
- •1. Some prepositions confused
- •At, by and with
- •Between and among
- •In and into
- •Beside, besides and except
- •As and like
- •2. The complex sentence
- •2.1 Subject clauses
- •2.2 Predicative clauses
- •2.3 Clauses introduced by that, what and which
- •2.4 Adverbial clauses
- •2.5 As and since in the clauses of time and cause (reason)
- •2.6 Until/till and before
- •3. Revision exercises
- •4. Emphasis
- •4.1 The emphatic do
- •4.2 Double negation
- •4.3 The emphatic construction "it is ... That, which, who# whom"
- •4.4 The emphatic construction "it is not until ... That"
- •4.5 The emphatic "not ... Till/until"
- •5. Additional excercises. Miscellaneous
- •The retreat from moscow
- •Irregular verbs: difficult cases
- •In ending
- •In ending
- •Verbs followed by the infinitive
- •American english
- •V таблицы, схемы и модели
1.3 Demonstrative pronouns
THIS (THESEj/THA T {THOSE)/SUCH/THE SAME
Singular |
Plural |
this |
these |
that |
those |
Both this and that can be applied to persons or things:
"I like that fellow," - he said to his brother.
Other people were anxious to get this soap at this price. The pronoun same is always used with the definite article:
Martin's Sunday was the same as before.
We were in the same class.
EXERCISES
Ex. 17. (A, B) Insert this, that, these, those or it.
1. All is very interesting. 2. will do. 3. None of present expressed
any surprise on hearing . 4. Try one of . 5. What is this? - is a
computer. 6. are the TV sets of the latest type. 7. Suddenly I felt something soft
and warm on my knees. was a cat. 8. Who were you talking with? - was
a friend of mine.
Ex. 18. (В, С) Substitute that or those for the repeated noun.
Model: There are no richer art museums in this country than the museums of St.-Petersburg. There are no richer art museums in this country than those of St.-Petersburg.
The pictures painted by Rembrandt can't be compared to the pictures painted by Rubens.
The language in this textbook is easier than the language in the original novels. 4. The invisible riches lying in the Urals may be still greater than the riches discovered. 5. The stories written by O'Henry are as full of life as the stories written by Mark Twain. 6. Natural sugar is of higher quality than the sugar produced artificially.
Ex. 19. (B) Use one of the demonstrative pronouns in the following sentences.
1. is cooking oil,I always buy one. 2. She gave me the present as a year
before. 3. What do you want me to do with thing? 4. He was one of men whom
women all like. 5. Do you see bushes on the other side of the river? 6. Let us leave
subject. 7. He continued to frequent the cafe as when he had stayed at the
hotel. 8.1 believe you but there are who wouldn't. 9. is what I thought last year.
10. is life. 11. is what I want you to do. 12. I have divided the books into two
piles. are to be kept. are to be sold. 13. Our house was next to of June's.
Ex. 20. (B) Translate into English paying attention to the use of personal and demonstrative pronouns as the subject.
1. Чьи это брюки? - Это мои брюки. 2. Я принес вам важные новости. Это самые последние новости. 3. Кто-то постучал в дверь. Это был мой сосед. 4. Куда вы положили деньги? - Они в кошельке, на полке. 5. Вы помните его? Какой это был мужественный человек! 6. Это были самые красивые розы, какие я когда-либо видел. 7. У нее прекрасные волосы. Они длинные и волнистые. 8. Что с вашими часами? -Они отстают на 5 минут. 9. Посмотрите, кто это? - Это один из наших студентов. 10. Я где-то видел этого человека. - Это один из наших спортсменов. - Да, теперь я узнаю, это он. 11. Кто там? - Откройте, это я. 12. Какие эти цветы чудесные! 13. Достаточно, можете прекратить работу.