- •Isbn 5-94962-075-5
- •Isbn 5-94962-075-5 © т. Ю. Дроздова, а. И. Берестова, в. Г. Маилова, 1996-2004
- •The verb
- •2. There is (are)' construction
- •Interrogative and negative forms
- •3. The verb то have"
- •4. English tenses active
- •Indefinite
- •5. The indefinite (simple) forms 5.1 the present indefinite (simple) tense
- •5.2 The past indefinite (simple) tense
- •Irregular Verbs
- •5.3 The future indefinite (simple) tense
- •Interrogative
- •I won't work (shan't)
- •6. The continuous forms
- •6.1 The present continuous tense
- •Verbs not used in the continuous form
- •6.2 The present continuous and present indefinite (simple)
- •6.3 The past continuous tense
- •6.4 The past continuous and past indefinite (simple)
- •I past ф indefinite
- •Озорник
- •6.5 The future continuous tense
- •Interrogative
- •6.6 Revision
- •7. The perfect forms
- •7.1 The present perfect tense
- •Interrogative
- •7.2 The present perfect and past indefinite (simple)
- •Yesterday
- •7.4 The future perfect tense
- •Interrogative
- •8. The perfect continuous forms
- •8.1 The present perfect continuous
- •Inclusive
- •Exclusive
- •8.2 The present continuous and present perfect continuous
- •8.3 The present perfect and present perfect continuous
- •8.4 Revision
- •8.6 The past continuous and past perfect continuous
- •Affirmative
- •The future perfect continuous tense
- •9. The revision on tenses
- •Несчастный случай.
- •Покупая книги.
- •10. Tests
- •11. Talking about the future
- •11.1 Present tenses (I am doing/I do) with a future meaning
- •11.2 "То be going то..."
- •11.3 The future indefinite (simple)
- •11.5 Revision
- •1. General rules
- •2. Revision
- •3. Tests
- •1. Indirect statements
- •Who Has the Last Say?
- •2. Indirect command and request
- •Study the following chart
- •3. Indirect questions
- •3.1. Indirect general questions
- •3.2. Indirect special questions
- •4. Revision
- •Совет врача.
- •Подарок из Чикаго.
- •Пикник на одеяле.
- •The passive voice 1. The formation of the passive voice
- •2. Uses of the passive voice peculiar to the english language
- •How the Other Half Lives.
- •3. Revision
- •Частная жизнь Хэмфри Богарта.
- •4. Tests
- •The use of the subjunctive mood
- •1. Conditional sentences
- •1.1 Revision
- •1.2 Test
- •2. Making a wish
- •3. Revision
- •4. Tests
- •1. Definition
- •Неужели разве
- •2.1 Revision
- •4. Must
- •4.1 Revision
- •5. Should and ought
- •6. Need
- •7. Revision
- •Новое платье Луны.
- •Персики.
- •8. Tests
- •The noun
- •1. Formation of nouns
- •I. Noun-forming suffixes
- •II. The most common prefixes
- •III. Compound nouns
- •2. Classification of nouns
- •Nouns which are singular in form but plural in meaning "nouns of multitude"
- •3. The category of number
- •4. The category of case
- •The genitive
- •5. Tests
- •1. The use of articles with common nouns
- •1.1 The use of the indefinite article (a/an)4
- •Вот это здоровье!*
- •1.2 The use of the definite article (the)
- •1.3 The zero article basic uses of the zero article (-):
- •A Bad Customer.
- •Thank You, I Feel Much Better.
- •1.4 Revision
- •2. The use of articles with nouns of material and abstract nouns
- •The Luncheon.
- •3. The use of articles with proper nouns
- •3.1 Geographical names
- •3.2 Names of persons
- •3.3 The use of articles in the names of places, some buildings, public organizations, etc
- •3.4 Revision
- •4. Special difficulties in the use of articles
- •The use of articles with the nouns
- •Names of Seasons.
- •Bed, School, Prison, Town.
- •Day, Night, Morning, Evening.
- •Names of Meals.
- •5. The use of articles with nouns in some set expressions
- •I. The use of the indefinite article with nouns in set expressions
- •II. The use of the definite article with nouns in set expressions
- •III. Nouns in set expressions used without an article
- •6. Tests
- •1. Classification of pronouns
- •1.1 Personal and possessive pronouns
- •6. Possessive pronouns are often used before the names of the parts of the body, clothing. Things belonging to a person, etc. In this case they are not translated into Russian:
- •1.2 Reflexive pronouns
- •1.3 Demonstrative pronouns
- •1.4 Interrogative pronouns
- •1.5 Defining pronouns
- •1.6 Indefinite and negative pronouns
- •1.7 "Much/many", "little/few", "a little/a few"
- •2. Tests
- •1. Formation of adjectives
- •3. The comparison of adjectives common comparative and superlative forms:
- •Comparative and superlative forms often confused:
- •4. Tests
- •1. Definition and forms
- •2. Classification of adverbs
- •2.1. Adverbs of manner
- •2.2 Adverbs of time
- •2.3 Adverbs of frequency
- •2.4 Adverbs of place and direction
- •2.5 Adverbs of degree, measure and quantity
- •Justly Punished.
- •A Safe Place.
- •Can We Go Home, Please?
- •2.6 Viewpoint adverbs
- •He просите комнату с видом из окна.
- •3. Revision
- •4. Tests
- •The verbals (the Non-finite Forms of the Verb)
- •1. The gerund 1.1 forms. Tense/voice distinctions
- •The Indefinite Gerund
- •The use of the gerund
- •1.3 Verbs used with the gerund and the infinitive
- •1.4 The gerundial construction
- •1.5 The gerund and the verbal noun
- •1.6 Revision
- •1.7 Tests
- •2. The infinitive
- •2.1 Forms. Tense/voice distinctions
- •2.2 The use of the infinitive without the particle to* (The Bare Infinitive)
- •2.3 The functions of the infinitive in the sentence
- •2.3.1 Revision
- •2.4 The infinitive constructions
- •2.4.1 The complex object
- •I saw him entering the shop. (This action was in progress when I saw him).
- •Revision
- •2.4.2 The complex subject (the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive)
- •Revision
- •2.4.3 The for-to-infinitive construction
- •Sentence patterns with the for-phrase
- •1. The Subject4
- •4. The Adverbial Modifier of Purpose
- •5. The Adverbial Modifier of Result
- •Revision
- •2.5 Revision
- •2.6 Tests
- •3. The participle
- •3.1 Forms and functions
- •3.2 The functions of the participle in a sentence
- •3.3 Russian equivalents of participles used as attributes
- •3.4 Russian equivalents of participles used as adverbial modifiers
- •Revision
- •3.5 Have something done
- •3.6 The absolute participial construction
- •3.7 Revision
- •3.8 Tests
- •Some confused or confusing elements of english grammar
- •1. Some prepositions confused
- •At, by and with
- •Between and among
- •In and into
- •Beside, besides and except
- •As and like
- •2. The complex sentence
- •2.1 Subject clauses
- •2.2 Predicative clauses
- •2.3 Clauses introduced by that, what and which
- •2.4 Adverbial clauses
- •2.5 As and since in the clauses of time and cause (reason)
- •2.6 Until/till and before
- •3. Revision exercises
- •4. Emphasis
- •4.1 The emphatic do
- •4.2 Double negation
- •4.3 The emphatic construction "it is ... That, which, who# whom"
- •4.4 The emphatic construction "it is not until ... That"
- •4.5 The emphatic "not ... Till/until"
- •5. Additional excercises. Miscellaneous
- •The retreat from moscow
- •Irregular verbs: difficult cases
- •In ending
- •In ending
- •Verbs followed by the infinitive
- •American english
- •V таблицы, схемы и модели
1.1 Revision
Ex. 20. (В) Supply the necessary forms for the verbs given in brackets.
1. If I (to realise) it was to be like this, I (not to come). 2. If he (not to tell) us that himself I never (to believe) that. 3. He (to agree) never with you, even if he (be) wrong. 4.1 (to be) grateful if you (to keep) the news to yourself. 5. If anyone (to ask) me what his specific gift was, I (not to know) how to answer. 6. She said she (to be) pleased if my mother (to allow) me to spend a month with them. 7. Mary is staying with them. I think it (to be) a good thing if you (to come) and (to see) her. 8. If we ever (to happen) to meet again I (to act) as if this letter never (to write).
Ex. 21. (В, C) Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the verb.
1. If it (to be) all the same to me, I (not to come) and (to talk) with you. 2. If there (to be) some more of us, it (to take) only a few days to get through with it. 3. If anyone (to call), I shall give him the telephone number so that he (to get in touch) with you. 4. Leave a message for me if you (not to find) me in. 5. He (not to understand) it even if he (to be given) a broad hint which none other would miss. 6. If you (to come across) an expression that you do not know, write it out, please. 7. You (not to find) the house even if you (to ask) for directions: it has been pulled down recently.
Ex. 22. (C) Supply the necessary forms for the verbs given in brackets in the following conditional sentences referring to the future.
1. If Ed (to learn) about it, he probably never (to speak) to me again. 2. I (to be) in the drawing-room in case there (to be) a telephone call for me. 3. He wondered how he (to feel) if his former wife (to come) into the room. 4. Philip says they (to miss) me if I (to leave) before their wedding. 5. In case any crisis (to arise), let me know. 6. You (to do) it differently, if you (have to do) it over again? 7. If this (to be) our last meeting for some time, I (not to like) you to remember this talk. 8. It (to be) awkward if she (to refuse) to co-operate. 9. What his mother and father (to think) if they (to hear) of what he has done? 10. If the situation (not to change) by Saturday I (to be) in trouble. 11.1 (not to be) surprised if he (to offer) an important post under the next government.
Ex. 23. (C) Translate into English.
I
1. Если бы не ваша помощь, я не смог бы закончить работу вчера. 2. Если бы он пришел вовремя, этого могло бы не случиться. 3. Если бы пошел дождь, я бы промокла до костей, так как на мне было очень легкое платье. 4. Если бы вы действительно любили читать, вы всегда бы нашли время для чтения. 5. Куда бы ты пошел, если бы не шел дождь? 6. В случае, если пойдет дождь, я останусь дома. 7. Если бы я сказал что-нибудь подобное твоей тетушке, она сочла бы меня сумасшедшим. 8. Я буду у себя дома на случай, если ты передумаешь. 9. Возможно, что он чувствовал бы и вел бы себя иначе, если бы обстоятельства были иными. 10. Если бы ты не был так занят, мы могли бы пойти куда-нибудь пообедать. 11. Если бы у нас не было багажа, мы могли бы дойти до станции пешком. 12. Вы бы чувствовали себя лучше, если бы не ложились спать так поздно (to keep late hours). 13. Мы бы не опоздали на поезд, если бы взяли такси. 14. Мы могли бы пойти на каток, если бы не было так холодно. 15. Пьеса понравилась бы мне больше, если бы она не была такой длинной. 16. Вы бы себя хорошо сегодня чувствовали, если бы вчера приняли лекарство. 17. Если бы я был на вашем месте, я бы больше проводил времени на открытом воздухе. 18. Вы бы лучше знали язык, если бы читали книги в оригинале. 19. Если бы не моя болезнь, я бы уже окончил университет. 20. Вы бы не разбили вазу, если бы были осторожны. 21. Мы, возможно, не заблудились бы, если бы ночь не была такой темной. 22. Я вернусь в шесть, если меня не задержат в университете. 23. Если бы не дождь, мы могли бы поехать за город. 24. Вы были бы уже здоровы сейчас, если бы вовремя обратились к врачу. 25. Если бы не его болезнь, семья переехала бы в город.
II
1. Если бы миссис Копперфильд не имела намерения выйти замуж, она бы не послала Дэвида к мистеру Пеготи. 2. Дэвид часто думал о том, что, если бы не мистер Пеготи, Эмили была бы несчастным бездомным ребенком. 3. Дэвид сказал Пеготи: "Я думаю, что ваш брат очень добрый; он бы не удочерил (to adopt) маленькую Эмили, если бы не был таким добрым человеком." 4. Маленькая Эмили часто говорила Дэвиду, что если бы случилось так, что она бы стала богатой дамой, она бы подарила мистеру Пеготи золотые часы, серебряную трубку и целый ящик денег. 5. Дэвид не знал, что его мать вышла замуж за мистера Мердстона. Если бы он знал, он не возвращался бы домой в таком хорошем настроении. 6. Если бы мистер Мердстон сказал Дэвиду хоть одно ласковое слово (kind), мальчик бы, возможно, полюбил его. 7. "Как бы мы были сейчас счастливы, если бы матушка не вышла замуж за мистера Мердстона," - часто думал Дэвид. 8. Дэвид был способный мальчик и мог бы хорошо учиться, если бы на уроках не присутствовали Мердстоны.
(From "English Grammar Exercises" by Kaushanskaya V.L a. o.)