5. Collocations with ‘make’, ‘do’,

‘HAVE’, ‘TAKE’

Things we make

a mistake (= an error) a meal (= prepare and cook something to eat) money (= become rich) friends a decision a noise progress (U) (- improvement)

He made a few mistakes in the exam. I had to make my own dinner last night. He made a lot of money when he worked in America. It's not always easy to make friends in a foreign country. We can have the red ones or the green ones, but we must make a decision (choose the red or green) before 6 p.m. I can't work when the children make a lot of noise. Her English is good now; she has made a lot of progress.

Things we do

homework (U) the housework (U) (= cleaning) subjects (= study subjects) a course the shopping (= buy food) research (U) (- detailed study in one subject) (someone) a favour (= do something to help someone) something/anything/nothing

I forgot to do my English homework last night. My mother does all the housework in our house. Did you do English at school? I did a one-week course in word processing. I always do the shopping at the weekend. He's doing research in physics at Rome University. I don't have any coffee. Could you do me a favour and lend me some? I didn't do anything last night. That boy has done nothing all day.

Things we have

a rest (= relax/do nothing) food (= eat food) and drink a drink (= drink something) a bath/ shower a party a baby (= be pregnant or give birth) a (nice / great / terrible) time

They had a long rest after the game. I had steak but Paul just had a cup of tea. Let's have a drink before dinner. I always have a bath when I get up. I'm having a party for my birthday. Mary is having a baby next month We had a very nice time in Switzerland last year.

Things we take

an exam (also 'do an exam') a photo a decision (also 'make') a shower (also 'have') a bus/train/plane/taxi

I'm going to take four exams next month. She took lots of photos on holiday. I'm not very good at taking decisions. I'm just going to take a shower before lunch. We were late, so we took a taxi to the airport.

Note: Notice the use of be + adjective [NOT have in these expressions:

She was lucky I'm hungry (= I want to eat) I'm thirsty (= I want a drink)

Ex.1. Cross out the incorrect verbs in these sentences. Both verbs may be correct.

1 I couldn't do/make the homework last night. 2 She's going to make/have a party for her birthday. 3 Did he do / make many mistakes? 4 I often make / do the housework. 5 Did you make / take many photos?

6 When do you take / do your next exam? 7 I want to do / make a course in English. 8 We must take / make a decision soon. 9 He is doing / making research in chemistry. 10 They did / made a lot of noise during the party.

Ex.2. Put the following nouns into the correct column depending on if they are used with ‘do’ or ‘make’

a speech, French, a will, fun, a bed, an exam, research, faces, a mistake, a fuss, one’s best, a mess, a noise, the shopping, the gardening, an impression, a complaint, progress, money, well, harm, a sound, business, a decision, a joke, a cake, meat, sense, a point, notes, a fortune, good, a course, a fool, a profit (a loss), difference, amends, sure, one’s hair, an effort, changes, trouble, the housework, a favour, an example, an excuse, one’s duty, homework, the washing up, a test, a choice, the cooking, love.

Ex.3. Complete each sentence with the correct form of 'make' or 'do'. Make sure you use the correct tense! Then translate the sentences into Russian.

1. What do you ………...... for a living? – I'm a dentist.

2. He ......…………. a big mistake when he changed his job.

3. You look very tired. Would you like me .…... you a cup of coffee?

4. I haven't got a £20 note. Will two £10 notes …………........?

5. They ........ fun of him whenever he wore his new hat.

6. That will ......... children! You're giving me a terrible headache!

7. Why does she.......such a fuss of him?

8. What have you …….... to this table cloth? It's got some kind of red liquid all over it!

9. Don't forget to ....…………….. your hair before you go out.

10. Could you ………....... me a favour? Please drive me to town.

11. Please ........ sure you've switched off all the lights before you leave.

12. Please sit down and ........ yourself at home.

13. When he was younger, he ........ a fortune selling clothes.

14. How would you like your steak ....…...? – Medium, please.

15. He ........ so much noise that he woke her up.

16. The new manager ........ some changes as soon as he arrived.

17. It doesn't matter if you don't come first as long as you ........ your best.

18. I want to ........ a phone call. Have you got any change?

19. How did you ........ in your exam? – Quite well, I think.

20. Have a nice cup of tea. It will ........ you good.

21. Take this medicine. It will ........ you better.

22. Be quiet! Don't ........ a sound!

Ex. 4. Some sentences with 'make' or 'do' have rather intricate ways of their translation into Russian. Compare the English sentences below with their Russian translation.

1. This room could be done with a good clean. – Эта комната нуждается в тщательной уборке.

2. I think the answer is 2,376. What do you make of it? – Думаю, ответ – 2376. A как по-твоему?

3. What time do you make it? – Nearly six o'clock. – Как по-вашему, который сейчас час? – Около шести.

Now choose the most appropriate translation way of the following sentences.

1. What have I done with my handbag? I can't find it anywhere!

а) Что я сделала со своей сумочкой? Я нигде не могу ее найти.

б) Куда я подевала свою сумочку? Я нигде не могу ее найти.

2. Why does it take them so long to make a decision?

а) Почему им нужно столько времени, чтобы принять решение?

б) Почему принятие решения занимает у них столько времени?

3. This car is very economical. It does 40 miles to the gallon.

а) Эта машина очень экономная. Она проезжает 40 миль на галлоне горючего.

б) Эта машина очень экономичная. Она потребляет галлон горючего на 40 миль.

4. He had difficulty making his way through the crowd.

а) У него были сложности во время пути сквозь толпу.

б) Он с трудом прошел сквозь толпу.

в) Он с трудом проложил себе путь сквозь толпу.

5. It's very important to make a good impression at this meeting.

а) Это очень важно произвести хорошее впечатление на этой встрече.

б) Очень важно произвести хорошее впечатление на этой встрече.

6. Don't have anything to do with him. He can't be trusted.

а) Не делайте ничего вместе с ним. Ему нельзя доверять.

б) Не имейте с ним ничего общего. Ему нельзя доверять.

7. She wasn't very happy about doing without sugar in her coffee.

а) Ей не понравился кофе без сахара.

б) Она не была счастлива по поводу кофе без сахара.

в) Она не была счастлива пить кофе без сахара.

8. He bought her flowers to make amends for being late.

а) Он купил ей цветы, чтобы компенсировать свое опоздание.

б) Он купил ей цветы, чтобы загладить вину за опоздание.

9. It really made her day to see you all again.

а) Ее день удался. Она снова тебя увидела.

б) Решающим в этот день стало то, что она снова тебя увидела.

10. The judge decided to make an example of him and sentenced him to ten years' imprisonment.

а) Судья решил поставить его в пример другим и приговорил его к десяти годам тюремного заключения.

б) Судья решил наказать его в назидание другим и приговорил его к десяти годам лишения свободы.

Ex.5. Complete the sentences by using the following words. Use each word once only. Then translate the sentences into Russian.

way pass fortune point

attempt difference fun sense

bed ends offer statement

contact

1. It makes no ........ to me how old he is.

2. When he made a ........ at her, she slapped his face.

3. Since he made a ........ in property development, he's been living a life of luxury.

4. Somebody's made an ........ on the President's life!

5. She made him an ........ of £3 million for his business.

6. The only way you can make ......... with them is by radio.

7. They made ........ of the awkward way he walked.

8. On her salary she had difficulty making ........ meet.

9. The minister made a ........ about the new proposal.

10. Remember to use clean sheets when you make the ........ .

11. The boss made a ........ of meeting every employee.

12. They made their ........ to the stadium on foot.

13. Help! I can't make ........ of this exercise!