Основная литература

* Соколова, М.А. Теоретическая фонетика английского языка: Учеб. для студентов высш. учеб. заведений. – 3-е изд., стереотип. / М.А. Соколова, К.П. Гинтовт, И.С. Тихонова и др. – М: Гуманитарный издательский центр. ВЛАДОС, 2004. – С.135-163.

Дополнительная литература

* Леонтьева, С.Ф. Теоретическая фонетика современного английского языка: Учеб. для пед. вузов и университетов. – 3-е изд., испр. и доп. / С.Ф. Леонтьева. – М. Издательство «Менеджер», 2004. – С.242-249.

*Соколова, М.А. Практическая фонетика английского языка: Учеб. для студентов высш. учеб. заведений / М.А. Соколова, К.П. Гинтовт, К.П. Гинтовт, Л.А. Кантер и др. – М: Гуманитарный издательский центр. ВЛАДОС, 2003. – С.147-227.

A. Think about the following questions for class discussion.

• What is the difference between prosody and intonation?

• What is the prosodic system of a language?

• What linguistic is intonation defined on?

• What are the main approaches to the study of intonation?

• What is the smallest meaningful prosodic unit? What meanings does it convey?

• On what grounds do phoneticians assert that the tone ( pitch component), the pitch level the pitch range? stress and tempo constitute system of their own ( prosodic subsystems)?

• Speak on: a) the melody or the pitch component of intonation; b) sentence stress; c) rhythm and tempo; d) pausation and timbre (tamber).

• Is the prosodic (intonation) structure of the utterance related to a definite syntactical structure? What factors determine the prosodic structure of an utterance?

• Which prosodic notation system do you consider most suitable for teaching purposes?

B. Select pairs of utterances with an identical syntactical structure and with different prosodic features to illustrate the inventory of:

• The tone subsystem ( the subsystem of pitch);

• the subsystem of tempo;

• the subsystem of rhythm;

• the subsystem of pauses.

Семинар 3

Rhythm and speech Melody

1. Rhythm and its prosodic aspect.

2. The rhythmic group (unit) in component with the intonation group. Their role in producing speech melody (the pitch component of intonation).

3. The functional aspect of rhythm.

4. The position and functional of rhythmic units in the prosodic structure of an utterance.

Основная литература

*Соколова, М.А. Теоретическая фонетика английского языка: Учеб. для студентов высш. учеб. заведений. – 3-е изд., стереотип. / М.А. Соколова, К.П. Гинтовт, И.С. Тихонова и др. – М: Гуманитарный издательский центр. ВЛАДОС, 2004. – С.163-183.

Дополнительная литература

*Леонтьева, С.Ф. Теоретическая фонетика современного английского языка: Учеб. для пед. вузов и университетов. – 3-е изд., испр. и доп. / С.Ф. Леонтьева. – М. Издательство «Менеджер», 2004. – С.246-247.

Brown, J. Listening to Spoken English. – М: Prosveshcheniye, 1984, pp.42-52.

A. Think about the following questions for class discussion.

• What is the prosodic structure of the rhythmic group (unit)?

• What is the accentual and rhythmic structure of the utterance?

• Why is the intonation group hierarchically higher than the rhythmic unit (group)?

• What are the structural elements of the intonation group?

• Comment on the functional role of the structural elements of the intonation group in the prosodic structure of the utterance.

• Why are the structural elements of the intonation group not related taxonomically?

• How is the functional aspect of rhythm connected with meanings and functions of prosody?

• Are the functions and meanings of the prosodic structure of the utterance equivalent notions?

• What meanings can the utterance prosody have?

What do you think are the denotative and connotative meanings of the prosodic structure of the utterance?

B. Compare semantically identical English and Russian utterances as to

a) the number of stresses in them;

b) the form of the terminal tone;

c) the character of rhythm.

B. Collect examples to illustrate

a) the dependence of stress on the rhythm of the utterance;

b) the tendency to avoid stressing several syllables in succession;

c) the tendency to avoid stressing several words (monosyllabic or polysyllabic) in succession;

d) compression of syllable length in rhythmic units as a manifestation of the tendency to isochrony.

B. Read these rhymes. Observe the regular alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables.

Jack and Jill went up the hill

To fetch a pail of water.

Jack fell down and broke his crown,

And Jill came tumbling after.

In winter I get up at night.

And dress by yellow candle light.

In summer guite the other way

I have to do to bed day.

B. Draw your conclusion on the prosodic organization and functional role of poetic rhythm in comparison with the rhythmic tendencies observed in prose reading.

Семинар 4

Problems of Phonostylistics

1. Stylistic modifications of sounds in connected speech.

2. Phonetic styles of speech or styles of pronunciation.

3. The problem of classification of phonostyles.

4. The stylistic use intonation.