IX. Find opposite words:

1. to fall, to appear, to heat, to evaporate, moist, cold, to give, far, always, easy, heat, to decrease, to produce, to die, useful, inefficient, salt.

2. To disappear, to rise, to cool, efficient, harmful, to live, never, difficult, to condense, to take, hot, dry, fresh, near, cold, to increase, to consume.

X. Find odd words :

1. heat, light, motion, surface ; 2. a plant, a crop, an animal, a hat, a man; 3.

soil, water, land, ground, Earth ; 4. autumn, summer, sunlight, winter, spring ;

5. quickly, directly, fast, slowly, rapidly; 6. an ocean, a lake , an inch, a river, a sea; 7. to plow, to sow, to plant, to harm, to cultivate, to harvest.

XI. Read and translate text C :

“ Mice Under Water.”

Words To Help You Understand the Passage

temperature Temperature is how cold or how hot something is. It is usually

measured by a thermometer.

carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide is a gas that is passed out of the lungs during

breathing

fluid-filled Fluid is another word for liquid. Fluid- filled means something is

filled with a liquid.

Mice can live for many hours under water. A team of scientists has found that rodents can breath under water if two conditions are met. The water must contain salts and it must have more oxygen than is usually found in water.

The scientists were led to their experiments by a study of how animals and people drown. Mice were put under water and were watched until their breathing stopped. When the tank was filled with ordinary sea water or tap water, the mice died quickly. When it was filled with a salt solution in which the salt solution in which the salt was equal to that in the mouse’s body and when oxygen was bubbled into it, the mice lived for as long as four hours. When the temperature was held at 20º C. and a chemical was added to improve carbon dioxide exchange, the mice lived to a maximum of nearly 18 hours.

The water- breathing rodents may provide a means of studying breathing problems in newborn infants who live in a fluid- filled womb up to the moment of birth.

1. It is far to conclude from the experiment described in this passage that

1. mice like water that is high in oxygen and salt.

2. if certain conditions are met, mice can breathe under water.

3. people would not drown if water had more oxygen and salt in it.

4. mice are like newborn infants.

2. What is the purpose of this passage ?

1. to describe how babies stay alive until they are born

2. to describe how people drown

3. to describe an experiment about the length of time mice can live under water

4. to describe breathing problems in newborn infants

3. Which of the following is NOT a condition that helps mice live under water for 18 hours ?

1. The tank is filled with sea water

2. The tank is filled with a salt solution in which the salt is equal to that in the mouse’s body

3. Oxygen is pumped into the water.

4. The temperature is held at 20ºC.

4. What does “maximum” mean in this passage ?

1. equal to

2. slowly

3. less than

4. the most

5. What does “ ordinary” mean in this passage?

1. unusual

2. constant

3. normal

4. the same

12. Give a short summary of the text.

“ Aqua words”

Water is central to all life and life activities. Plants and animals must have water to survive. Water represents about 75 % of a person’s body weight and covers nearly 75% of the earth’s surface. Nearly everything on earth can be directly or indirectly traced to a connection with water. Rocks channel water into streams and rivers carry water across the land. Ponds, lakes, marshes, and swamps often hold water in place. Trees draw water from the soil and transport it up into leaves and out again into the air. Clouds are airborne carriers of water across the sky.

Wildlife water for survival. The water must be clean and free of toxic contamination. Humans use water for many purposes other than drinking. Care must be taken to protect water quality.

Water is a source of beauty and recreation. It is the basis of a massive planetary transportation system. Water grows our food, cools, our cars, and is one of the first things on the list of substances the astronauts take into space. The driest desert take into space. The driest desert has water - and there are 320,000,000 cubic miles of water in the oceans. The tiny plants that live in the earth’s oceans – phytoplankton – produce one-third or more of our oxygen, a gas vital to vertebrate respiration.