Corporations in the usa

1. The majority of corporations in the USA are small and they make up approximately 25 percent of all business companies, however, this figure understates the real economic significance of the corporate business organization. Modern technological developments largely account for the appearance of corporate giants in such sectors of the economy as manufacturing, transportation and utilities, mining, banking and insurance, and retail trade:

2. In view of the growing importance of corporations, society is faced with three major problems. First, the growth in corporate size has brought about an increasing separation of control from ownership. In large companies a stockholder no longer performs effective control; actual control belongs to management, which tends to be self-selecting and responsible only to itself. Second, the size of many corporations gives them economic power that permits to ignore the discipline of the competitive market, because it is large corporations that have real control over the prices charged for the goods they produce. Finally, society cannot be sure that the corporate performance serves the public interest.

3. Public interest requires organization and operation of business to be subject to governmental regulation, and many laws have been enacted for the purpose of ensuring a competitive pluralism in production and trade. Government regulation, particularly in the USA, attempts to prevent the formation of monopolies that totally control a particular branch of industry such as steel, petroleum, or automobile production. Governments also regulate public utilities and transportation, guarantee loans to homeowners, subsidize shipping, build highways and airports, administer price-support programmes for farmers.

Вправа VII. Прочитайте З абзац тексту і дайте письмову відповідь на запитання:

Why is governmental regulation necessary? How can it be affected?

Контрольне завдання з

Для правильного виконання контрольної роботи №3 необхідно засвоїти наступні розділи курсу:

1. Незалежний і залежний дієприкметниковий звороти. Повторити — дієприкметники (Participle /, Participle II).

2. Інфінітив (Infinitive), його прості і складні форми та функції в реченні. Об'єктний та суб'єктний інфінітивні звороти.

3. Умовні речення.

І ВАРІАНТ

Вправа І. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть наступні речення. Пам'ятайте, що об'єктний та суб'єктний інфінітивні звороти відповідають підрядним реченням:

1. The chief accountant, wishes the balance sheet to be made at once.

2. I want to be offered this job,

3. He is said to have been appointed the manager of the big company.

4. He asked for a telegram to be sent to our subcontractors.

Вправа II. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть наступні речення, звертаючи увагу на різницю в перекладі залежного та незалежного дієприкметникових зворотів:

1. It being late, we decided to stop exercising the inventory.

2. Signing the contract they discussed this point.

3. I was standing at their office reading the advertisement.

Вправа III. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть наступні умовні речення:

1. What would you do if somebody gave you a lot of money?

2. We shall be grateful if you send us the contract's terms.

3. If your project fails, we shall have a lot of debts.

Вправа IV. Прочитайте текст. Перекладіть письмово на українську мову 1, 2 абзаци тексту: