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темы к госам 5 курс.doc
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Environmental protection. Its importance for the European countries. The "Green" parties and organizations.

For thousands of years people lived in harmony with the environment and it seemed to them that the resources of nature had no end or limit. With the industrial revolution our negative influence on nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of cars, polluting plants and factories can be found nowadays all over the world. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe the water we drink the fields where our crops are grown. So, pollution is one of the most burning problems nowadays.

Industrial development results in pollution, forests are being cut down for the need of industries in Europe and USA. The loss of the forests upsets the oxygen balance. As the result some species of animals, birds, fish and plants have disappeared and keep disappearing.

A further result of air pollution is acid rain. Acid rain basically appears when factories release high levels of sulfur into the air. Acid rain harms our environment and our quality of life.

The release of certain industrial chemicals results in a thinning of our ozone layer. The ozone layer is a part of our atmosphere that prevents most Ultraviolet rays from entering the earth's surface layer. Over the past 10 years, more and more holes were discovered over different parts of the world. Since then, skin cancer rates have skyrocketed.

Water pollution is very serious, too. Ugly rivers of dirty water polluted with factory waste, poisoned fish are all-round us.

The greenhouse effect is a problem, too. It provokes global warming. The global warming can effect us in many aspects, first of all, the level of the oceans has risen..

Nowadays there are many different pressure and interests groups in many countries, which try to find solutions to the problems of pollution at the national and international level. So they are groups of people with a common interest in trying to draw the public attention to environment problems, to influence the government decisions. I’m going to tell about the organizations having the greatest influence in the European countries.

Greenpeace is a very famous pressure group. It started functioning in 1971. Its headquarters are at Amsterdam, but it operates in 25 countries worldwide. The aim of Greenpeace is to protect wildlife of toxic wastes, nuclear tests.

"Friends of the Earth" (FoE) is one of the British pressure groups with an international reputation. Its general aim is to conserve the planet's resources and reduce pollution. FoE was established in 1971 and now it operated in 44 countries worldwide.

In conclusion I would like to say that ecology is our common problem. If we want to live on a healthy planet everyone of us must be aware of his responsibility before the whole mankind. But one man can't win a war. That’s why the legislative base is to be worked out. For example, the enterprise of even a country must be fined if it produces too much pollution. The plants must be forced to use cleaning facilities. We live in the capitalist world, where money profit and run the show. That’s why pollution must become too money-loosing. That’s the only way to combat ecological problems.