- •Infectious disease
- •What infectious diseases do you know? What are children’s infectious diseases? Define the infection disease you know?
- •What may infectious disease caused by?
- •What is the classification of infectious disease according to the way of infectioning?
- •4. What is immunity? What types of immunity do you know? Describe the types?
- •5 . What is influenza, its cause, way of transmission, symptoms, treatment and complications?
- •6. What is chicken-pox, its cause, way of transmission, symptoms, treatment and complications?
- •7. What is diphtheria, its cause, way of transmission, symptoms, treatment and complications?
- •8. What is tuberculosis? What are its form?
- •9. Describe the clinical picture of the tuberculosis and its treatment.
- •14. What are the ways of getting aids virus into the human body?
- •15. What rules should one fallow to reduce the risk of infection with aids?
- •16. What do you know about aids treatment?
- •Cardiovascular disease
- •17. What is the structure of cardiovascular system? Name the main organs, describe their anatomy?
- •18. Speak of the heart and its structure.
- •19. Describe the blood circulation in the human body.
- •20. What are the phase of heartbeat?
- •21. Name and define the most common cardiovascular diseases.
- •22. What is myocardial infarction? What may be cause of it?
- •24. What are the most prominent symptoms of hypertension?
- •25. What are the most frequently complications of hypertension?
- •26. What the difference in clinical picture of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris?
- •32. What is haemoblastosis? What factors can provoke it?
- •33. What are the main theories explaining the etiology of haemoblastosis?
- •34. What does the digestive system consist of?
- •35. Describe the process of digestion?
- •36. What the principle function of the gastrointestinal tract?
- •37. What is gastritis (both chronic and acute), it’s cause, symptoms and treatment?
- •38. What is ulcerative colitis, it’s cause, symptoms, treatment and complications?
- •39. What is appendicitis, its cause and symptoms? What treatment methods for the appendicitis do you know?
- •40. What is peritonitis? Describe its clinical manifestations. How to manage this pathology?
14. What are the ways of getting aids virus into the human body?
The ways are:
- with infected blood or blood preparations
- sexual way (fewer partners, less risk)
- through placenta , delivery waters or breastfeeding.
15. What rules should one fallow to reduce the risk of infection with aids?
1. Most of the people who has virus don’t even know about it – so it is easy to catch a virus through sexual relationships – that’s why it is necessary to use protective things like condoms. And of course, fewer partners – less risk.
2. During different manipulation (such as operations, manicure or pedicure, dentist treatment) it is necessary to sterilize instruments (steaming or boiling)
3. Do not share a needles (use only disposable needles)
4. Control blood before transfusion
16. What do you know about aids treatment?
Treatment is difficult.
1. Nuclease reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
2. Protease inhibitors.
3. Fusion inhibitors.
4. Highly effective antiretroviral therapy.
Cardiovascular disease
17. What is the structure of cardiovascular system? Name the main organs, describe their anatomy?
Cardiovascular system consist of heart, veins and blood vessels. It includes pulmonary circulation - a ‘loop’ trough the lungs where blood oxygenated; and the systematic circulation – a loop through the rest of the body to provide oxygenated blood.
Heart. Heart pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The hart consist of 4 chambers - right and left atriums and right and left ventricles. Deoxygenated (poor on oxygen) blood came to the right atrium – than to the right ventricle, to be pumped trough the pulmonary artery to the lungs for re-oxygenation and removal carbon-dioxide. The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as from the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs and systems.
The cardiovascular system is closed –it mean that blood never leaves the network of blood vessels.
18. Speak of the heart and its structure.
Heart. Heart pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The hart consist of 4 chambers - right and left atriums and right and left ventricles. Deoxygenated (poor on oxygen) blood came to the right atrium – than to the right ventricle, to be pumped trough the pulmonary artery to the lungs for re-oxygenation and removal carbon-dioxide. The left atrium receives newly oxygenated blood from the lungs as well as from the pulmonary vein which is passed into the strong left ventricle to be pumped through the aorta to the different organs and systems.
19. Describe the blood circulation in the human body.
There are pulmonary and systematic circulation ( which include coronary circulation as well).
Pulmonary circulation is the part of cardiovascular system which transports oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart.
Oxygen-poor blood, from the vena cava enter the right atrium of the hear, and trough the tricuspid valve flows to the right ventricle, and than through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. Pulmonary veins return oxygen-rich blood back to the heart to the left atrium, and than trough the mitral valve to the left ventricle. Than, oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle is pumped out via the aorta, and on to the rest of the body.
Systematic circulation is the part of cardiovascular system which transports oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the rest of the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Systematic circulation is much longer than pulmonary because it provide oxygen to the all organs and systems of the body.
Coronary circulation – it’s network of vessel which provide a blood supply to the heart.