1. the nominative case;

2. The genitive case;

3. the instrumental case;

4. the dative case.

99. Find equivalents of OE demonstrative pronouns se/þæt/sēo in Modern English. Choose the correct letter.

a) the, these/those;

b) the, that/these;

c) this/these/the;

d) the, that/those.

100. Find equivalents of OE demonstrative pronouns þes/þis/þēos in Modern English. Choose the correct letter.

a) the, these/those;

b) the, that/these;

c) this/these;

d) the, that/those.

101. Match OE interrogative pronouns with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,5; 2,3; 3,2; 4,6; 5,4; 6,1;

b) 1,5; 2,2; 3,3; 4,6; 5,4;6,1;

c) 1,6; 2,3; 3,2; 4,5; 5,4;6,1;

d) 1,3; 2,6; 3,2; 4,5; 5,4, 6,1.

hwá	which
hwæt	when
hwonne	what
hwæ'r	why
hwý	where
hwilc	who

102. Match OE definite pronouns with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 5; 4,4; 5,3;

b) 1,5; 2,2; 3,3; 4,5; 5,4;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,5; 5,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5,4.

gehwá	each
gehwilc	every
ægþer	the same
swilc	such
sé ylca	either

103. Match OE indefinite and negative pronouns with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,1; 3,2; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4.

sum	any
æ'nig	no
nán	none
næ'nig	some

104. What pronouns in Middle English didn’t lose the categories of gender, case and number? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) personal pronouns;

b) interrogative pronouns;

c) possessive pronouns;

d) demonstrative.

105. What new class of pronouns appeared in Middle English?

a) personal pronouns;

b) interrogative pronouns;

c) possessive pronouns;

d) demonstrative.

106. Find OE possessive pronouns and choose the correct letter.

a) sum, æ'nig, nán, næ'nig;

b) min, myn , thin, thyn/thy, hir, hire;

c) gehwá; gehwilc; ægþer; swilc, sé ylca;

d) hwá, hwæt, hwonne, hwæ'r , hwý, hwilc.

107. What origin is pronoun ‘their’? Choose the correct letter.

a) Slavic;

b) German;

c) Spanish;

d) Scandinavian.

108. In what period did possessive pronouns lose the category of case and gender? Choose the correct letter.

a) ME;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) Present-Day English.

109. In what period did possessive pronouns retain the category of number?

a) ME;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) Present-Day English.

110. In what period did the forms of pronouns ‘tho’, ‘thos’ stand for ‘that’, and forms ‘thes’/’thise’ stand for ‘this’?

a) ME;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) Present-Day English.

111. In what period did interrogative pronouns (hwy –why)

change phonetically (the aspiration was weakened and in spelling the letters h and w changed place) ?

a) Present-Day English;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) ) ME.

112. What new class of pronouns appeared in ME? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) personal pronouns;

b) reflexive pronouns;

c) possessive pronouns;

d) demonstrative.

113. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter. In ME reflexive pronouns are formed from the possessive pronoun my/thy or the objective case of the third person personal pronoun him/hir/hem/them+ self – himself, hirself, hemselven.

a) True;

b) False;

c) Hardly ever;

d) It’s impossible.

114. In what period did OE pronouns: ǣᵹðer, ǣlc, swilc, sum, ǣniᵹ, nān change their phonetic form and give the present-day forms: either, each, such, some, any, none?

a) Present-Day English;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) ) ME.

115. What period of history of OE can be characterized by the development of separate possessive adjectives and pronouns (my/mine, thy/thine)? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) Present-Day English;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) ) ME.

116. What period of history of OE can be characterized by the development of possessive of it: his > it > its (sometimes spelled it's)? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) Present-Day English;

b) EModE;

c) OE;

d) ) ME.

117. What century did forms thou and thee disappear? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a)in the 20 ^th c

b) in the 19 ^th c

c) in the 17 ^th c;

d) in the 16^th c.

118. In EModE the use of ‘ye/you’ became common.

Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.

a) True;

b) False;

c) Hardly ever;

d) It’s impossible.

119. In EModE subject ye became you. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.

a) Hardly ever;

b) False;

c) True;

d) It’s impossible.

120. In EModE relative pronouns ‘that’, ‘which’, ‘who’, ‘as’ became common. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.

a) Hardly ever;

b) False;

c) True;

d) It’s impossible.

121. In EModE reflexive pronouns ‘ myself’, ‘ourselves’, ‘yourself’, ‘themselves’

became common. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.

a) Hardly ever;

b) False;

c) True;

d) It’s impossible.

122. In EModE indefinite pronouns ‘every’, ‘other’, ‘some’, ‘somewhat’, ‘something’ became common. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.

a) Hardly ever;

b) False;

c) True;

d) It’s impossible.

123. What part of speech in OE gave birth to the indefinite article? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) nouns;

b) pronouns;

c) numerals;

d) verbs.

124. What two groups are OE adverbs divided into? Answer the question and choose the correct answer.

a) primary (simple), secondary (derived);

b) regular, irregular;

c) primary, irregular;

d) regular, derived.

125. What adverbs are referred to simple in OE? Choose the correct letter.

a) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard);

b) þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither), nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither);

c) bealdlíce (boldly), freondlíce (in a friendly way);

d) wíde - wídor - wídost (widely - more widely - most widely)

126. What adverbs are referred to secondary (derived) in OE? Choose the correct letter.

a) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard);

b) þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither);

c) nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither);

d) sóna (soon), oft (often) ,eft (again) ,swá (so).

127. Match OE simple adverbs with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4.

þa	there
þonne	then
þæ'r	thither
þider	then

128. Match OE simple adverbs with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4.

oft	again
eft	often
swá	so
hwílum	sometimes

129. Match OE simple adverbs with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4; 5, 5.

nú	here
hér	hither
hider	now
heonan	hence
sóna	soon

130. What suffix did secondary (derived) adverbs in OE add? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) the suffix –e;

b) the suffix –y;

c) the suffix –i;

d) the suffix –o.

131. Find the examples of derived adverbs in OE with the suffix –e. Choose the correct letter.

a) þa (then), þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither);

b) nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither), heonan (hence);

c) bealdlíce (boldly), freondlíce (in a friendly way);

d) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard).

132. Find the examples of derived adverbs in OE with the suffixes -líc, -líce. Choose the correct letter.

a) þa (then), þonne (then), þæ'r (there), þider (thither);

b) nú (now), hér (here), hider (hither), heonan (hence);

c) bealdlíce (boldly), freondlíce (in a friendly way);

d) wide (widely), déope (deeply), fæste (fast), hearde (hard).

133. Analyse the statement and choose the correct letter.

In OE adverbs, as well as adjectives, had their degrees of comparison by adding the suffix –or/ra and –ost/est:

a) Hardly ever;

b) False;

c) True;

d) It’s impossible.

134. Analyse the statements which are typical of ME adverbs. Find the wrong idea and choose the correct letter.

a) Adverbs in Middle English aren’t changed phonetically, like all other parts of speech.

b) Compound adverbs of the type ‘theroute’, ‘therwith’, ‘theof’, ‘therby’ are very common.

c) Secondary adverbs with the suffixe – e were in use. But the process of leveling of the final vowel started.

d) A new and a very productive way of forming adverbs –adding the suffix –ly appears.

135. Analyse the statements which are typical of OE numerals. Find the wrong idea and choose the correct letter.

a) Old English had a system of numerals of common Indo-European origin.

b) The numerals 2 twá and 3 þríe had three genders.

c) Cardinals from 1 to 4 might be declined.

d) Numerals from 20 to 100 were formed by placing tens first, and then units.

136. Analyse the statements which are typical of OE numerals. Find the wrong idea and choose the correct letter.

a) in OE 1 án is declined just like a strong adjective.

b) The numerals 2 twá and 3 þríe had 3 genders and 4 cases.

c) 3 þríe is a typical i-stem noun.

d) Numerals from 20 to 100 were formed by placing tens first, and then units.

137. Match OE numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4; 5, 5.

1. one	twá
2. two	án
3. three	þríe
4. four	féower
5. fife	fíf

138. Match OE numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4; 5, 5.

six, syx, siex	eight
seofon, syofn	seven
eahta	nine
nigon	six
tien, týn	ten

139. Match OE numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4; 5, 5.

endlefan	eleven
twelf	thirteen
þríotíene	twelve
féowertíene	fourteen
fíftíene	fifteen

140. Match OE numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4; 5, 5.

twentig (twentiᵹ)	thirty
án ond twentig	twenty-one
þrítig	forty
féowertig	twenty
fíftig	fifty

141. Match OE numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5, 4.

siextig	seventy
siofontig	eighty
eahtatig	sixty
nigontig	hundred
hundtéontig, hund, hundred	ninety

142. Match OE numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5, 4.

hundælleftig	one hundred and twenty
hundtwelftig	two hundred
tú hund	one hundred and ten
þúsend	two thousand
tú þúsendu	one thousand

143. Match OE ordinal numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5, 4.

1 forma, fyresta	the third
2 óþer, æfterra	the second
3 þridda, þirda	the fourth
4 féorþa	the first
5 fífta	the fifth

144. Match OE ordinal numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5, 4.

siexta, syxta	the seventh
siofoþa	the eighth
eahtoþa	the sixth
nigoþa	the tenth
téoþa	the ninth

145. Match OE ordinal numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5, 4.

endlefta	the twelfth
twelfta	the thirteenth
þreotéoþa	the eleventh
féowertéoþa	the fifteenth
fíftéoþa	the fourteenth

146. Match OE ordinal numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;5,5;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3; 5,5;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4; 5,5.

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,5; 5, 4.

sixtéoþa	the eighteenth
siofontéoþa	the seventeenth
eahtatéoþa	the nineteenth
nigontéoþa	the sixteenth
twentigoþa	the twentieth

147. Match OE ordinal numerals with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,2; 3,1; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4;

þrittigoþa	the thirtieth
féowertigoþa	the fiftieth
fíftigoþa	the fortieth
hundtéontiogoþa	the hundredth

148. What period were the following cardinal numerals (on, two/tweye, thre, fower, four, fif, six, seven, nyne, ten, enleven, ywelve, thirteen) typical of ? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) OE;

b) ME;

c) EModE;

d) Present-day English.

149. Analyse the following innovations in MME numerals and choose the incorrect letter.

a) development of suffix- ty from Old Englishtig (tiᵹ);

b) addition of the Scandinavian borrowing ‘millioun’;

c) ordinal numerals have developed the suffix –th from Old English –oþa;

d) french borrowing ‘second’ replaced the former Old English ‘óþer, æfterra’.

150. What phonological process influenced on the formation of ME ordinal numeral ‘third’ from OE ‘þridda’? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) palatal mutation;

b) monophthongization;

c) diphthongization;

d) metathesis.

151. What period did the gerund become common? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) OE;

b) ME;

c) EModE;

d) Present-day English.

152. What’s funny about Old English prepositions? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) They often come after their "object" and must be named postpositions.

b) They are too long.

c) They are too short.

d) They look strange.

153. Match OE prepositions with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,1; 3,2; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4;

æfter	1.behind
beæftan	2.before
beforan	3. between
betweox	4.after

154. Match OE prepositions with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,1; 3,2; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4;

for(e)	from
fram	with
mid	in front of
onġean	against

155. Match OE prepositions with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,1; 3,2; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4;

ġeond	until
oð	through, throughout
þurh	through
ymb(e)	about, around

156. Match OE prepositions with their modern equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,1; 3,2; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4;

binnan	above, over
bufan	over
ofer	on, in
on	within

157. Analyse the following borrowings from French (according to, around, during), Latin (except), Norse (till) which enriched prepositional corpus. What period did

they become common? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) OE;

b) ME;

c) EModE;

d) Present-day English.

158. What period were new phrasal prepositions (by means of, in spite of, because of) developed? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

a) OE;

b) ME;

c) EModE;

d) Present-day English.

159. Match modern conjunctions with their OE equivalents. Choose the correct letter.

a) 1,2; 2,1; 3, 3; 4,4;

b) 1,4; 2,1; 3,2; 4,3;

c) 1,1; 2,3; 3,2; 4,4;

d) 1,3; 2,1; 3,2; 4,4;

because	ac
but	hwæþere
however	(ǣġþer) oþþe
either... or... (or...)	for þǣm

160. Fill in the gap and choose the correct letter.

Compound subordinating conjunctions with that as their second element were common in ….

1. OE;

2. ME;

3. EModE;

4. Present-day English.

161. What period do the following examples of interjections (Ƿēa (alas), Hū (what then? how?), Ƿeȝ lā (oh)? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

1. OE;

2. ME;

3. EModE;

4. Present-day English.

162. What period do the following examples of interjections gramercy (FR grant merci), thank you, benedicite, goddamn, bigot (by God) belong to)? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

1. OE;

2. ME;

3. EModE;

4. Present-day English.

163. What period do the following examples of interjections gramercy (excuse me, please (if it please you), hollo, hay, what, God's name )? Answer the question and choose the correct letter.

1. OE;

2. ME;

3. EModE;

4. Present-day English.

164. Analyse the statements which describe Middle English Syntax. Find the mistake. a) In Middle English Syntax there was a fixed word order.

b) Post position of the adjective (after a noun) e. g. with eyen narwe (with narrow eyes) a mantel roialliche (a royally mantle) was typical of ME period.

c) impersonal sentences are used without formal subject.e.g. as that me thynketh (as it seems to me).

d) Negation in ME was the same as it was in OE (double negation). e.g. he nolde no raunsoun (he didn’t want any ransom).

165. Analyse the statements which describe EModE English Syntax. Find the mistake.

a) tendency to place adverbial modifier before words modified (is again come);

b) double negatives are not acceptable;

c) do as auxiliary in questions and negatives;

d) influence of Latin, "elegant English," long sentences featuring subordination, parallelism, balanced clauses;