12. Comment on the use and formation of the Future Indefinite. Exemplify your commentary with the cases from the text. We use the Future Indefinite Tense to express:

– the speaker’s opinions, assumptions, speculations, predictions about the future; usually after the verbs to assume, to know, to suppose, to think, to wonder, to expect, to hope, to be afraid, etc, and with words perhaps, possibly, probably, surely, etc.:

Example: It will probably be cold.

– on-the-spot decisions:

Example: I’ll take this leg of lamb.

future habitual actions, or events and situations which will definitely happen in the future and which we cannot control:

Example: Spring will come again.

– in news broadcasts for formal announcements of future plans, weather forecast:

Example: There will be rain in Moscow tonight.

- wish, willingness, readiness, intention, determination to perform an action:

Example: I’ll do what I can.

– command (with the 2^nd and 3^rd person):

Example: You will come here tomorrow not later than 10.

– refusal to perform an action (in negative sentences):

Example: I won’t argue with you.

– a request, an invitation (in questions):

Example: Will you ask him to ring me back?

– promise (usu with verbs promise, swear, guarantee), threat, warning (with the 2^nd and 3^rd person):

Example: I promise I’ll do it.

He shall have a scandal.

– asking after the will of the person:

Example: Shall I bring you some coffee?

– a single point action that will be completed in the future:

Example: One of these days you’ll realise it.

– an action occupying a whole period of time in the future:

Example: I hope you’ll live for many years.

– a succession of actions in the future:

Example: We’ll talk about the weather and then we’ll have dinner.

– some recurrent actions in the future:

Example: I’ll come along as soon as possible.

– stereotyped sentences:

Well, we’ll see.

It’ll do you good.

It won’t do them harm.

No good will come of it.

You’ll go far.

16.- a future action in the object clauses of a compound sentence:

Example: I don’t know if/whether the play will be interesting.

17. – a decision at the moment of making it (on-the-spot decision):

Example: It’s hot in here. – I’ll open the window.

13. Comment on the use of the construction ‘to be going to’. Exemplify your commentary with the cases from the text.

Be going to

We use be going to: – for plans, intentions or ambitions we have for the future: Example: I’m going to become a famous violinist one day. (ambition) – in predictions when there is evidence that something will happen in the near future: Example: Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain. Note: a) we normally use be going to to talk about something we intend to do and Future Indefinite to give details or make comments: Example: I’m going to have a party next week. I’ll invite all my friends. b) we normally use the Present Continuous rather than be going to with verbs to go and to come: Example: Sam is going to the market in a few minutes. Sheila is coming to my house for tea this afternoon.

14. Comment on the use and formation of the Future Continuous. Exemplify your commentary with the cases from the text.