11.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family? (Lecture11.Marriage and family)

1. Sociologists tend to define family in terms of

a. how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood,

marriage, or adoption

b. the connection of bloodlines

c. the status roles that exist in a family structure

d. how closely members adhere to social norms

2. Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is _______ than the family they

grew up with.

a. less close

b. more close

c. at least as close

d. none of the above

3. A woman being married to two men would be an example of:

a. monogamy

b. polygyny

c. polyandry

d. cohabitation

4. A child who associates his line of descent with his father’s side only is part of a _____ society.

a. matrilocal

b. bilateral

c. matrilineal

d. patrilineal

5. Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model?

a. It is too broad and accounts for too many aspects of family.

b. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages.

c. It does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behavior.

d. It is not based on comprehensive research.

11.2 Variations in Family Life

6. The majority of American children live in:

a. two-parent households

b. one-parent households

c. no-parent households

d. multigenerational households

7. According to the study cited from the U.S. Census Bureau, children who live with ______ grow up

with more advantages than children who live with ______.

a. one unwed parent; one divorced parent

b. one divorced parent; two married parents

c. one grandparent; two married parents

d. one divorced parent; one unwed parent

8. Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage

to be married at least 10 years.

a. far more likely than

b. far less likely than

c. slightly less likely than

d. equally as likely as

9. Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of American households.

a. 1

b. 10

c. 15

d. 30

10. The median age of first marriage has ______ in the last 50 years.

a. increased for men but not women

b. decreased for men but not women

c. increased for both men and women

d. decreased for both men and women

11.3 Challenges Families Face

11. Current divorce rates are:

a. at an all-time high

b. at an all-time low

c. steadily increasing

d. steadily declining

12. Children of divorced parents are _______ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents

who stayed married.

a. more likely

b. less likely

c. equally likely

13. In general, children in ______ households benefit from divorce.

a. stepfamily

b. multigenerational

c. high-conflict

d. low-conflict

14. Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)?

a. IPV victims are more frequently men than women.

b. One in ten women is a victim of IPV.

c. Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol.

d. Rape is the most common form of IPV.

15. Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States?

a. Physical abuse

b. Neglect

c. Shaken-baby syndrome

d. Verbal mistreatment

Education(Lecture 12)

1. What are the major factors affecting education systems throughout the world?

a. Resources and money

b. Student interest

c. Teacher interest

d. Transportation

2. What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?

a. They are all in Asia.

b. They recruit top teachers.

c. They spend more money per student.

d. They use cutting-edge technology in classrooms.

3. Informal education _________________.

a. describes when students teach their peers

b. refers to the learning of cultural norms

c. only takes place at home

d. relies on a planned instructional process

4. Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of ________.

a. cultural transmission

b. educational access

c. formal education

d. informal education

5. The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for

__________.

a. access to education

b. average spending on students

c. desegregation of schools

d. teacher salary

6. Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?

a. Cultural innovation

b. Courtship

c. Social placement

d. Socialization

7. Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social

media. This is an example of ________.

a. cultural innovation

b. social control

c. social placement

d. socialization

8. Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo?

a. Conflict theory

b. Feminist theory

c. Functionalist theory

d. Symbolic interactionism

9. Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?

a. Conflict theory

b. Feminist theory

c. Functionalist theory

d. Symbolic interactionism

10. What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the

basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?

a. Hidden curriculum

b. Labeling

c. Self-fulfilling prophecy

d. Tracking

11. Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _________.

a. families

b. society

c. the individual

d. all of the above

12. Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of

________.

a. a latent function

b. a manifest function

c. informal education

d. transmission of moral education

13. What term describes the separation of students based on merit?

a. Cultural transmission

b. Social control

c. Sorting

d. Hidden curriculum

14. Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________.

a. challenge gifted students

b. perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status

c. help students who need additional support

d. teach respect for authority

15. Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why?

a. They are scored in a way that is subject to human error.

b. They do not give children with learning disabilities a fair chance to demonstrate their true

intelligence.

c. They don’t involve enough test items to cover multiple intelligences.

d. They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upperclass

culture.

16. Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that _____________.

a. racial segregation in schools was allowed

b. separate schools for black and white students were unconstitutional

c. students do not have a right to free speech in public schools

d. students have a right to free speech in public schools

17. Public schools must guarantee that ___________.

a. all students graduate from high school

b. all students receive an equal education

c. per-student spending is equitable

d. the amount spent on each student is equal to that spent regionally

18. Key predictors for student success include ____________.

a. how many school-age siblings the student has

b. socioeconomic status and family background

c. the age of the student when she or he enters kindergarten

d. how many students attend the school

19. Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the

requirements for that grade is called ____________.

a. affirmative action

b. social control

c. social promotion

d. socialization

Government and politics (lecture 13)

1. Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority?

a. Authority involves intimidation.

b. Authority is more subtle than power.

c. Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power.

d. Authority is inherited, but power is seized by military force.

2. Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader?

a. Dictatorial

b. Traditional

c. Charismatic

d. Legal-rational

3. In the U.S. Senate, it is customary to assign each senator a seniority ranking based on years of

government service and the population of the state he or she represents. A top ranking gives the senator

priority for assignments to office space, committee chair positions, and seating on the senate floor.

What type of authority does this example best illustrate?

a. Dictatorial

b. Traditional

c. Charismatic

d. Legal-rational

4. Malcolm X used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand

up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) __________ leader.

a. traditional

b. charismatic

c. legal-rational

d. illegitimate

5. Which current world figure has the least amount of political power?

a. President Barack Obama

b. Queen Elizabeth II

c. British Prime Minister David Cameron

d. North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un

6. Which statement best expresses why there have been so few charismatic female leaders throughout

history?

a. Women have different leadership styles than men.

b. Women are not interested in leading at all.

c. Few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the courseof history.

d. Male historians have refused to acknowledge the contributions of femaleleaders in their

records.

7. Many constitutional monarchies started out as:

a. oligarchies

b. absolute monarchies

c. dictatorships

d. democracies

8. Which nation is an absolute monarchy?

a. Oman

b. Great Britain

c. Denmark

d. Australia

9. Which of the following present and former government leaders is generally considered a dictator?

a. David Cameron

b. Barack Obama

c. Qaboos bin Said Al Said

d. Kim Jong-Un

10. A(n) _________________ is an extremely oppressive government that seeks to control all aspects

of its citizens’ lives.

a. oligarchy

b. totalitarian dictatorship

c. anarchy

d. absolute monarchy

11. Which is not a characteristic of a democracy?

a. People vote to elect officials.

b. A king or queen holds the majority of governmental control.

c. One goal of this type of government is to protect citizens’ basic rights.

d. A constitution typically outlines the foundational ideas of how this government should

operate.

12. Which statement best expresses why the United States is not a “true” democracy?

a. Many politicians are corrupt.

b. Special-interest groups fund political campaigns.

c. Citizens elect representatives who vote on their behalf to make policy.

d. Ancient Greece was the only true democracy.

13. In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a

_____________________ test.

a. blood

b. literacy

c. lie detector

d. citizenship

14. Which president signed the Voting Rights Act?

a. Lyndon Johnson

b. John F. Kennedy Jr.

c. Barack Obama

d. Franklin D. Roosevelt

15. Which factor does not influence voting practices?

a. Race

b. Social class

c. Ethnicity

d. Voting booths

16. The U.S. Supreme Court case _________________ led to the revision of voting districts to account

for differences in population density.

a. Roe v. Wade

b. Reynolds v. Sims

c. Brown v. Board of Education

d. Marbury v. Madison

17. Which statement best explains the meaning of “one person, one vote”?

a. One person should not be allowed to vote twice.

b. A voter deserves one chance to vote.

c. A voter should vote only once a year.

d. Each voter’s vote should count equally.

18. Which concept corresponds best to functionalism?

a. Happiness

b. Interdependence

c. Revolution

d. Symbolism

19. Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory?

a. C. Wright Mills

b. G. William Domhoff

c. Karl Marx

d. George H. Mead

20. Karl Marx believed social structures evolve out of:

a. supply and demand

b. enlightenment

c. competition

d. cooperation

21. The Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street protests, and the Tea Party movement have the following in

common:

a. They sought to destroy central government.

b. They are examples of conflict theory in action.

c. They can only occur in a representative democracy.

d. They used violence as the means of achieving their goals.

22. Which is not one of functionalism’s four main purposes of government?

a. Maintaining law and order

b. Meeting social needs

c. Equally distributing resources

d. Planning and directing society

23. Sociologist G. William Domhoff’s Who Rules America? asserts that wealth is often necessary to

exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ____ perspective.

a. conflict theory

b. symbolic interactionism

c. functionalism

d. feminist

24. Which of the following paradigms would consider movements such as Occupy Wall Street

undesirable and unnecessarily forcing social change?

a. Symbolic interactionism

b. Functionalism

c. Feminism